Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who is considered the greatest physiologist of all time?
Who is considered the greatest physiologist of all time?
Claude Bernard
Who discovered continuous blood circulation?
Who discovered continuous blood circulation?
William Harvey
Who proposed the treatment commonly in use today?
Who proposed the treatment commonly in use today?
Claudius Galenus (Galen)
Who accurately rendered bones, muscles, nerves, internal organs, and blood vessels?
Who accurately rendered bones, muscles, nerves, internal organs, and blood vessels?
Who discovered the hierarchical structure of the nervous system and observed the heart as a muscle 'pump'?
Who discovered the hierarchical structure of the nervous system and observed the heart as a muscle 'pump'?
Who studied human anatomy for artistic purposes?
Who studied human anatomy for artistic purposes?
Who won the Nobel Prize for describing the adaptation of blood perfusion in muscles and other organs?
Who won the Nobel Prize for describing the adaptation of blood perfusion in muscles and other organs?
What are the three energy systems involved in metabolism?
What are the three energy systems involved in metabolism?
What are the substrates used by each energy system?
What are the substrates used by each energy system?
Which energy system has the lowest inertia?
Which energy system has the lowest inertia?
Which energy system has the highest ATP production rate?
Which energy system has the highest ATP production rate?
Which energy system has the highest capacity/duration?
Which energy system has the highest capacity/duration?
Which energy system gets fatigued quickly?
Which energy system gets fatigued quickly?
What is the main factor that determines the reliance on the anaerobic system?
What is the main factor that determines the reliance on the anaerobic system?
What is the function of Adenylate kinase?
What is the function of Adenylate kinase?
What is the net production of ATP in glycolysis?
What is the net production of ATP in glycolysis?
What is the end product of glycolysis?
What is the end product of glycolysis?
What is the role of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)?
What is the role of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)?
What are the five isoforms of LDH?
What are the five isoforms of LDH?
Which fiber type produces more lactate?
Which fiber type produces more lactate?
What stimulates glycolysis and lactate production?
What stimulates glycolysis and lactate production?
What are the two main ways in which lactate is removed from the body?
What are the two main ways in which lactate is removed from the body?
Where does the Cori cycle take place?
Where does the Cori cycle take place?
What is the definition of exercise physiology?
What is the definition of exercise physiology?
What are three reasons why it is important to study exercise physiology?
What are three reasons why it is important to study exercise physiology?
Who considered obesity a disease in ancient Greece?
Who considered obesity a disease in ancient Greece?
What did Herodicus advocate in physical training?
What did Herodicus advocate in physical training?
Who is considered the 'Father of Modern Medicine'?
Who is considered the 'Father of Modern Medicine'?
What approach did Hippocrates revolutionize medical practice with?
What approach did Hippocrates revolutionize medical practice with?
What are three key figures in the historical context of exercise physiology?
What are three key figures in the historical context of exercise physiology?
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Study Notes
Physiologists and Their Contributions
- The greatest physiologist of all time is considered to be Harvey, who discovered continuous blood circulation.
- Galen proposed the treatment commonly in use today.
- Vesalius accurately rendered bones, muscles, nerves, internal organs, and blood vessels.
- Galen discovered the hierarchical structure of the nervous system and observed the heart as a muscle 'pump'.
- Da Vinci studied human anatomy for artistic purposes.
Nobel Prize and Energy Systems
- The Nobel Prize was won for describing the adaptation of blood perfusion in muscles and other organs.
- The three energy systems involved in metabolism are:
- Phosphocreatine (PCr) system
- Lactic acid (anaerobic glycolysis) system
- Oxidative (aerobic) system
- Substrates used by each energy system:
- PCr system: Phosphocreatine
- Lactic acid system: Glucose
- Oxidative system: Fat, carbohydrate, and protein
- The PCr system has the lowest inertia.
- The Oxidative system has the highest ATP production rate.
- The Oxidative system has the highest capacity/duration.
- The PCr system gets fatigued quickly.
- The main factor that determines the reliance on the anaerobic system is the intensity of exercise.
Lactate Dehydrogenase and Glycolysis
- Adenylate kinase's function is to replenish ATP during high-intensity exercise.
- The net production of ATP in glycolysis is 2 ATP.
- The end product of glycolysis is Pyruvate.
- Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) converts Pyruvate to Lactate.
- The five isoforms of LDH are LDH-1, LDH-2, LDH-3, LDH-4, and LDH-5.
- Fast-twitch fibers produce more lactate.
- Glycolysis and lactate production are stimulated by high-intensity exercise.
- Lactate is removed from the body through the liver and kidneys.
- The Cori cycle takes place in the liver.
Exercise Physiology and Its Importance
- Exercise physiology is the study of the physiological responses and adaptations to exercise.
- Three reasons why it is important to study exercise physiology are:
- To improve athletic performance
- To enhance health and wellness
- To prevent and manage chronic diseases
Historical Context of Exercise Physiology
- Hippocrates considered obesity a disease in ancient Greece.
- Herodicus advocated for physical training as a treatment for disease.
- Hippocrates is considered the 'Father of Modern Medicine' and revolutionized medical practice with a holistic approach.
- Three key figures in the historical context of exercise physiology are:
- Hippocrates
- Galen
- Herodicus
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