WK 12: Aetiology TSD Met Syndrome
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the exocrine pancreas?

  • To regulate blood sugar levels
  • To secrete digestive enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats (correct)
  • To produce bile for digestion
  • To secrete hormones such as insulin and glucagon

What is the name of the cells that produce glucagon in the endocrine pancreas?

  • 𝛽 cells
  • 𝛿 cells
  • PP cells
  • 𝛼 cells (correct)

What is the significance of waist-to-hip ratio in assessing obesity?

  • It determines the risk of cardiovascular disease
  • It is used to diagnose Type 2 Diabetes
  • It determines the distribution of adipose tissue and its metabolic implications (correct)
  • It measures the amount of visceral fat

What is the name of the duct that forms a common channel with the CBD?

<p>Main pancreatic duct (of Wirsung) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the embryological origin of the pancreas?

<p>From 2 buds of endoderm from the primitive duodenum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate length of the pancreas?

<p>12-15 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese individuals?

<p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common bone and joint disorder associated with obesity?

<p>Osteoarthritis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of supersaturation of bile with cholesterol in obese individuals?

<p>Gallstones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a treatment option for obesity that can result in a weight loss of around 20-25%?

<p>Surgery (gastric banding) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In males, which of the following types of cancer is associated with obesity?

<p>Prostate cancer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In females, which of the following types of cancer is associated with obesity?

<p>Endometrial cancer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible underlying cause of secondary hyperlipidaemia?

<p>Anorexia nervosa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can cause cholestasis?

<p>Primary biliary cirrhosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a component of dietary advice for managing dyslipidaemia?

<p>Reduce trans fat intake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended lifestyle modification for managing dyslipidaemia?

<p>Quitting smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications can cause secondary hyperlipidaemia?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended daily limit for sodium intake in managing dyslipidaemia?

<p>≤ 4g/day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lipids in the body?

<p>To store energy in adipocytes and muscle cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the classification system used to categorize hyperlipidaemia?

<p>Frederickson classification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of dietary lipids are triglycerides?

<p>Over 95% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are lipoproteins classified by?

<p>Size and density (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the lipoprotein that is associated with increased cardiovascular risk?

<p>LDL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the presence of elevated or abnormal levels of lipids or lipoproteins?

<p>Hyperlipidaemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended duration of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity for adults per week according to current recommendations?

<p>150 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pharmacotherapy for weight loss is a synthetic lipase inhibitor that blocks the digestion and absorption of around 30% of dietary fat in the stomach and small intestine?

<p>Orlistat (Xenical™) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle therapy for obesity involves reducing overall calorie consumption with a goal of 500-1000kcal/day reduction for weight loss?

<p>Very Low Energy Diet (VLED) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of liraglutide (Saxenda®) and semaglutide (Ozempic®) in smaller doses in relation to weight loss?

<p>Independent weight loss effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication, combined with Topiramate in the US, increases catecholamine release and reduces hunger, leading to weight loss?

<p>Phentermine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of physical activity level is needed to lose and sustain weight loss according to the text?

<p>High level (&gt;300 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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