WK 12: Aetiology TSD Met Syndrome
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the exocrine pancreas?

  • To regulate blood sugar levels
  • To secrete digestive enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats (correct)
  • To produce bile for digestion
  • To secrete hormones such as insulin and glucagon
  • What is the name of the cells that produce glucagon in the endocrine pancreas?

  • 𝛽 cells
  • 𝛿 cells
  • PP cells
  • 𝛼 cells (correct)
  • What is the significance of waist-to-hip ratio in assessing obesity?

  • It determines the risk of cardiovascular disease
  • It is used to diagnose Type 2 Diabetes
  • It determines the distribution of adipose tissue and its metabolic implications (correct)
  • It measures the amount of visceral fat
  • What is the name of the duct that forms a common channel with the CBD?

    <p>Main pancreatic duct (of Wirsung)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the embryological origin of the pancreas?

    <p>From 2 buds of endoderm from the primitive duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate length of the pancreas?

    <p>12-15 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese individuals?

    <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common bone and joint disorder associated with obesity?

    <p>Osteoarthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of supersaturation of bile with cholesterol in obese individuals?

    <p>Gallstones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment option for obesity that can result in a weight loss of around 20-25%?

    <p>Surgery (gastric banding)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In males, which of the following types of cancer is associated with obesity?

    <p>Prostate cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In females, which of the following types of cancer is associated with obesity?

    <p>Endometrial cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible underlying cause of secondary hyperlipidaemia?

    <p>Anorexia nervosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can cause cholestasis?

    <p>Primary biliary cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a component of dietary advice for managing dyslipidaemia?

    <p>Reduce trans fat intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended lifestyle modification for managing dyslipidaemia?

    <p>Quitting smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications can cause secondary hyperlipidaemia?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended daily limit for sodium intake in managing dyslipidaemia?

    <p>≤ 4g/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lipids in the body?

    <p>To store energy in adipocytes and muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the classification system used to categorize hyperlipidaemia?

    <p>Frederickson classification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of dietary lipids are triglycerides?

    <p>Over 95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are lipoproteins classified by?

    <p>Size and density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the lipoprotein that is associated with increased cardiovascular risk?

    <p>LDL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the presence of elevated or abnormal levels of lipids or lipoproteins?

    <p>Hyperlipidaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity for adults per week according to current recommendations?

    <p>150 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pharmacotherapy for weight loss is a synthetic lipase inhibitor that blocks the digestion and absorption of around 30% of dietary fat in the stomach and small intestine?

    <p>Orlistat (Xenical™)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lifestyle therapy for obesity involves reducing overall calorie consumption with a goal of 500-1000kcal/day reduction for weight loss?

    <p>Very Low Energy Diet (VLED)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of liraglutide (Saxenda®) and semaglutide (Ozempic®) in smaller doses in relation to weight loss?

    <p>Independent weight loss effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication, combined with Topiramate in the US, increases catecholamine release and reduces hunger, leading to weight loss?

    <p>Phentermine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of physical activity level is needed to lose and sustain weight loss according to the text?

    <p>High level (&gt;300 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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