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What is the metabolic response to trauma?
What is the metabolic response to trauma?
What are the two phases of the metabolic response to trauma?
What are the two phases of the metabolic response to trauma?
What is the Ebb phase characterized by?
What is the Ebb phase characterized by?
What is the Flow phase characterized by?
What is the Flow phase characterized by?
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What is the body's primary source of energy?
What is the body's primary source of energy?
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What are the hormones that help provide glucose and increase Na and water retention?
What are the hormones that help provide glucose and increase Na and water retention?
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What are the energy sources in the body?
What are the energy sources in the body?
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What happens to the body in case of prolonged trauma or starvation?
What happens to the body in case of prolonged trauma or starvation?
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Why is nutritional therapy important for surgical patients?
Why is nutritional therapy important for surgical patients?
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What are the diagnostic points for malnutrition?
What are the diagnostic points for malnutrition?
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When can enteral nutrition be started?
When can enteral nutrition be started?
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When is parenteral nutrition indicated?
When is parenteral nutrition indicated?
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The metabolic response to trauma only occurs in burn patients.
The metabolic response to trauma only occurs in burn patients.
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The Ebb phase is characterized by an increase in energy consumption.
The Ebb phase is characterized by an increase in energy consumption.
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The Flow phase consists of only one sub-phase.
The Flow phase consists of only one sub-phase.
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Cortisol, aldosterone, and ADH hormones help provide glucose and increase Na and water retention.
Cortisol, aldosterone, and ADH hormones help provide glucose and increase Na and water retention.
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The body's energy sources include glycogen in the liver and body fat, but not protein in skeletal muscle.
The body's energy sources include glycogen in the liver and body fat, but not protein in skeletal muscle.
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Prolonged trauma or starvation can lead to skeletal muscle wasting.
Prolonged trauma or starvation can lead to skeletal muscle wasting.
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Malnourished patients make poor surgical candidates.
Malnourished patients make poor surgical candidates.
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Nutritional therapy can only be given orally.
Nutritional therapy can only be given orally.
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Diagnostic points for malnutrition include BMI < 20 kg/m2.
Diagnostic points for malnutrition include BMI < 20 kg/m2.
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Enteral nutrition can be started when bowel function returns.
Enteral nutrition can be started when bowel function returns.
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Parenteral nutrition is only indicated when enteral feeding is not possible.
Parenteral nutrition is only indicated when enteral feeding is not possible.
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Complications of enteral and parenteral nutrition include nausea, vomiting, malabsorption, and gastrointestinal atrophy.
Complications of enteral and parenteral nutrition include nausea, vomiting, malabsorption, and gastrointestinal atrophy.
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Study Notes
Metabolic Response to Trauma and Nutritional Support for Surgical Patients
- Metabolic response to trauma refers to the body's reaction to injury or impact, such as surgery, burn, or sepsis.
- The metabolic response consists of two phases: Ebb and Flow. In the Ebb phase, the body tries to decrease energy consumption, characterized by an increase in pulse rate, respiratory rate, cardiac output, and hyperthermia.
- The Flow phase consists of two sub-phases: Catabolic and Anabolic. The Catabolic phase is characterized by a decrease in cardiac output, hypotension, weak pulse, decrease in O2 consumption, and hypothermia.
- The body needs glucose for energy, which is obtained through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. Cortisol, aldosterone, and ADH hormones help provide glucose and increase Na and water retention.
- The body has three energy sources: glycogen in the liver, body fat, and protein in skeletal muscle.
- In case of prolonged trauma or starvation, the body starts cannibalizing itself, leading to a decrease in body weight, body fat, skeletal muscle wasting, and an increase in glucose in the blood.
- Nutritional therapy can be given orally, enterally (through the gastrointestinal route), or parenterally (through the venous system) to prevent or treat malnutrition.
- Malnourished patients make poor surgical candidates, and surgery causes a stress response that leads to hypermetabolic or catabolic response. Malnutrition increases the risk of post-operative complications.
- Nutritional methods include oral nutritional supplements, nasogastric tube feeding, gastrostomy feeding, jejunal feeding, and parenteral nutrition.
- Rapid recovery after surgery requires a decrease in Nil By Mouth time before surgery, carbohydrate loading before surgery, minimal surgery, rapid feeding after surgery, and early mobilization.
- Diagnostic points for malnutrition include BMI < 20 kg/m2, weight loss > 10% of body weight over the last 3 months, and albumin serum level < 30gm/L (in the absence of hepatic or renal disease).
- Enteral nutrition can be started when bowel function returns, starting with oral clear liquids. If the patient cannot eat enough for 5-7 days, enteral nutrition should be started. Parenteral nutrition is indicated when enteral feeding is not possible, and it can be given through a peripheral or central vein. Complications of enteral and parenteral nutrition include nausea, vomiting, malabsorption, diarrhea, hepatic steatosis, cholestasis, and gastrointestinal atrophy.
Metabolic Response to Trauma and Nutritional Support for Surgical Patients
- Metabolic response to trauma refers to the body's reaction to injury or impact, such as surgery, burn, or sepsis.
- The metabolic response consists of two phases: Ebb and Flow. In the Ebb phase, the body tries to decrease energy consumption, characterized by an increase in pulse rate, respiratory rate, cardiac output, and hyperthermia.
- The Flow phase consists of two sub-phases: Catabolic and Anabolic. The Catabolic phase is characterized by a decrease in cardiac output, hypotension, weak pulse, decrease in O2 consumption, and hypothermia.
- The body needs glucose for energy, which is obtained through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. Cortisol, aldosterone, and ADH hormones help provide glucose and increase Na and water retention.
- The body has three energy sources: glycogen in the liver, body fat, and protein in skeletal muscle.
- In case of prolonged trauma or starvation, the body starts cannibalizing itself, leading to a decrease in body weight, body fat, skeletal muscle wasting, and an increase in glucose in the blood.
- Nutritional therapy can be given orally, enterally (through the gastrointestinal route), or parenterally (through the venous system) to prevent or treat malnutrition.
- Malnourished patients make poor surgical candidates, and surgery causes a stress response that leads to hypermetabolic or catabolic response. Malnutrition increases the risk of post-operative complications.
- Nutritional methods include oral nutritional supplements, nasogastric tube feeding, gastrostomy feeding, jejunal feeding, and parenteral nutrition.
- Rapid recovery after surgery requires a decrease in Nil By Mouth time before surgery, carbohydrate loading before surgery, minimal surgery, rapid feeding after surgery, and early mobilization.
- Diagnostic points for malnutrition include BMI < 20 kg/m2, weight loss > 10% of body weight over the last 3 months, and albumin serum level < 30gm/L (in the absence of hepatic or renal disease).
- Enteral nutrition can be started when bowel function returns, starting with oral clear liquids. If the patient cannot eat enough for 5-7 days, enteral nutrition should be started. Parenteral nutrition is indicated when enteral feeding is not possible, and it can be given through a peripheral or central vein. Complications of enteral and parenteral nutrition include nausea, vomiting, malabsorption, diarrhea, hepatic steatosis, cholestasis, and gastrointestinal atrophy.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the metabolic response to trauma and nutritional support for surgical patients with this informative quiz. Learn about the different phases of the metabolic response, the body's energy sources, and the importance of providing adequate nutrition to prevent malnutrition and post-operative complications. Explore the various methods of nutritional therapy, diagnostic points for malnutrition, and the complications associated with enteral and parenteral nutrition. Whether you're a healthcare professional or simply interested in the topic, this quiz will help you understand the critical role
