Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the pH optimum for pepsin?
What is the pH optimum for pepsin?
- 1.0-2.0 (correct)
- 9.0-10.0
- 4.0-5.0
- 7.0-8.0
What is the role of N-acetylglutamate in the urea cycle?
What is the role of N-acetylglutamate in the urea cycle?
- Activator of allosteric enzymes
- Precursor of ammonia
- Inhibitor of carbonyl phosphate synthesis
- Activator of urea synthesis (correct)
Which enzyme is formed from trypsin?
Which enzyme is formed from trypsin?
- Elastase
- Pepsin
- Carboxypeptidase
- Chymotrypsin (correct)
What is the end product of protein digestion in the G.I.T.?
What is the end product of protein digestion in the G.I.T.?
What is the optimal pH for the enzyme rennin?
What is the optimal pH for the enzyme rennin?
What is the substance required for the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin?
What is the substance required for the conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin?
Where are the main sites for oxidative deamination located?
Where are the main sites for oxidative deamination located?
In which cellular component are the enzymes of urea synthesis found?
In which cellular component are the enzymes of urea synthesis found?
What is the role of N-acetyl glutamate in urea synthesis?
What is the role of N-acetyl glutamate in urea synthesis?
Which enzyme is responsible for controlling the urea cycle?
Which enzyme is responsible for controlling the urea cycle?
What is the major end product of protein nitrogen metabolism in humans?
What is the major end product of protein nitrogen metabolism in humans?
What is the primary role of ceruloplasmin in the body?
What is the primary role of ceruloplasmin in the body?
Which of the following statements is correct about sodium and chloride?
Which of the following statements is correct about sodium and chloride?
How is NH3 detoxified in the brain?
How is NH3 detoxified in the brain?
What is the primary source of natural fluoride?
What is the primary source of natural fluoride?
Which mineral is involved in the enzyme-controlled energy-yielding reactions of metabolism?
Which mineral is involved in the enzyme-controlled energy-yielding reactions of metabolism?
Which mineral is required as a compound of blood hemoglobin?
Which mineral is required as a compound of blood hemoglobin?
What can enhance the absorption of iron from a breakfast of cereal?
What can enhance the absorption of iron from a breakfast of cereal?
Which ion is essential for the development of sound teeth with resistance to tooth decay?
Which ion is essential for the development of sound teeth with resistance to tooth decay?
Which of the following is necessary for the clotting of blood and functions of certain enzymes?
Which of the following is necessary for the clotting of blood and functions of certain enzymes?
Which vitamin is essential for the absorption of calcium from the intestinal tract?
Which vitamin is essential for the absorption of calcium from the intestinal tract?
What is the consequence of chronic consumption of excess selenium?
What is the consequence of chronic consumption of excess selenium?
What is the role of mineralocorticoids in the body?
What is the role of mineralocorticoids in the body?
What is the function of manganese in the body?
What is the function of manganese in the body?
Where does protein digestion begin in the human body?
Where does protein digestion begin in the human body?
What is the correct sequence of the antisense RNA corresponding to the mRNA sequence 'ATP'?
What is the correct sequence of the antisense RNA corresponding to the mRNA sequence 'ATP'?
Which enzyme is responsible for forming phosphodiester bonds between Okazaki fragments during DNA replication?
Which enzyme is responsible for forming phosphodiester bonds between Okazaki fragments during DNA replication?
What is the function of ubiquitin in a cell?
What is the function of ubiquitin in a cell?
In which step of protein digestion does hydrochloric acid play a role?
In which step of protein digestion does hydrochloric acid play a role?
Where is ubiquitin found in cells?
Where is ubiquitin found in cells?
Study Notes
Digestive Enzymes
- Pepsin is formed from pepsinogen by the action of HCL, and its optimum pH is 1.0-2.0.
- Chymotrypsin is not formed from trypsin, and its optimum pH is around 7.
- Trypsin is formed from trypsinogen by enterokinase, and its optimum pH is 8-9.
- Rennin's optimal pH is 2.0-4.0.
Protein Digestion
- Pepsin acts on denatured proteins to produce proteoses and peptones.
- Trypsin hydrolyses peptide bonds involving basic amino acids.
- Chymotrypsin hydrolyses peptide bonds involving aromatic amino acids.
- Elastase is an endopeptidase that hydrolyses peptide bonds involving non-polar amino acids.
Urea Synthesis
- The enzymes of urea synthesis are found in both mitochondria and cytosol.
- N-acetylglutamate is an activator of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase in urea synthesis.
- Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase is controlled by N-acetylglutamate.
- Ornithine transcarbamoylase catalyzes the transfer of the carbonyl moiety from carbamoyl phosphate to ornithine.
Minerals and Vitamins
- Copper is involved in the enzyme-controlled energy-yielding reactions of metabolism.
- Iron is involved in hemoglobin synthesis and is aided by copper.
- Calcium is involved in blood clotting, functions of certain enzymes, and control of fluids through cell membranes.
- Phosphorus is involved in energy-yielding reactions, protein synthesis, and nucleic acid synthesis.
- Vitamin D is essential for the absorption of calcium from the intestinal tract.
- Fluoride is essential for the development of sound teeth with resistance to tooth decay.
Other
- Selenium deficiency leads to liver necrosis.
- Chronic consumption of excess selenium can lead to brittle hair and nails.
- Manganese is needed for normal bone structure and reproduction and functioning of the central nervous system.
- Egg is rich in cholesterol, saturated fatty acids, and calcium, but is deficient in vitamin C.
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Description
Test your knowledge of biochemistry with this quiz on enzymes, metabolic pathways, and their mechanisms. Questions cover topics such as urea synthesis, pepsin, and pancreatic juice.
