Metabolic Acids & Buffers
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reaction that occurs when CO2 dissolves in water?

  • CO2 reacts with H2O to form CO3
  • CO2 reacts with H2O to form H2O2
  • CO2 reacts with H2O to form H2CO3 (correct)
  • CO2 reacts with H2O to form HCO3

    • What is the effect of aspirin on the body initially?

  • It causes a respiratory acidosis
  • It causes a respiratory alkalosis
  • It causes a metabolic acidosis
  • It causes a metabolic alkalosis (correct)

    • What is the primary buffer system operating in red blood cells?

  • Hemoglobin buffer system (correct)
  • Phosphate buffer system
  • Bicarbonate buffer system
  • Protein buffer system

    • What is the primary outcome of the patient who ingested 50 aspirin tablets?

    <p>A severe metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in the bicarbonate buffer system?

    <p>It accelerates the reaction of CO2 with H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary buffer system operating in all types of cells?

    <p>Phosphate buffer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a strong acid, such as sulfuric acid, is added to a solution?

    <p>It dissociates completely into H+ ions and its conjugate base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a buffer solution in a biological system?

    <p>To resist changes in pH when H+ or OH- are added</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Ka of an acid used to represent?

    <p>The tendency of the acid to dissociate and donate a H+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen to the pKa of an ionizable group in a protein if it forms an ionic interaction with a negatively charged group?

    <p>It would decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following acids is a weak acid that partially dissociates in solution?

    <p>Acetoacetic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation in the context of acid-base chemistry?

    <p>To calculate the dissociation constant of a weak acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for Dianne's increased breathing rate and depth?

    <p>To increase the pH of the blood by exhaling CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does a patient with severe anemia have a decreased capacity to utilize the bicarbonate buffer system?

    <p>The total amount of carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells is decreased</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells?

    <p>To convert CO2 into bicarbonate ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major source of metabolic acid in the body?

    <p>Carbon dioxide from cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the body excretes nonvolatile acid?

    <p>Through the kidneys by excreting excess hydrogen ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical pH range of urine in a healthy individual?

    <p>Between 5.5 and 7.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

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