Mental Illness & Social Class Flashcards

Questions and Answers

The epidemiology of mental illness is the_____________________

incidence and prevalence

What are three problems of doing an epidemiological study on mental illness?

definition, sampling pool, practicality

Name two epidemiological studies done today.

ECA and NCS

What does ECA stand for?

Epidemiological Catchment Area Study Signup and view all the answers

What does NCS stand for?

National Comorbidity Study Signup and view all the answers

_______% of the population has had some mental illness in their lifetime.

45 Signup and view all the answers

_______% has had major depression.

15-20 Signup and view all the answers

_______% has had major depression this past year.

10 Signup and view all the answers

_ did the first study of social class and mental illness in __.

Edward Jarvis; 1850s Signup and view all the answers

Edward Jarvis was an _________.

asylum superintendent/psychiatrist Signup and view all the answers

Edward Jarvis concluded that about _% of people in mental hospitals were actually ______.

2; mentally ill Signup and view all the answers

What were two groups in mental asylums at the time of Edward Jarvis's study?

the insane and the mentally retarded Signup and view all the answers

Edward Jarvis concluded that mental illness was coming from __________.

poorer classes Signup and view all the answers

Faris and Dunham conducted a study in in the .

Chicago; 1930s Signup and view all the answers

mapped out neighborhoods close to the city and away from the city; they knew what neighborhoods were ______.

Faris and Dunham; rich and poor Signup and view all the answers

Hollingshead was a _________.

sociologist Signup and view all the answers

Redich was a ________.

psychiatrist Signup and view all the answers

Hollingshead and Redich did a study in __ in the .

New Haven, CT; 1950s Signup and view all the answers

___________ performed both somatic and psychological treatments in their study.

Hollingshead and Redich Signup and view all the answers

Hollingshead and Redich concluded that the poor classes had more mental illness but __________.

certain types Signup and view all the answers

Srole did a study in _ in the .

Manhattan; late 1950s Signup and view all the answers

Srole's study was __________.

random Signup and view all the answers

In ______ study, he surveyed 1500 people.

Srole Signup and view all the answers

In Srole's study, the seemed to have more mental illness than the ; due to Manhattan being a __ area.

rich; poor; rich Signup and view all the answers

The view that _ leads to socioeconomic status: __.

mental illness; drift Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'drift' refer to in mental health?

Mental illness leads to socioeconomic status. Signup and view all the answers

The view that _ leads to mental illness: __.

SES; causation Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'causation' in the context of mental health?

Socioeconomic status leads to mental illness. Signup and view all the answers

The socioeconomic distribution of and help to explain the relationship between SES and mental illness.

stressors; resources Signup and view all the answers

Who is associated with the view that the worker is unable to gain satisfaction from his labor?

Karl Marx Signup and view all the answers

What encompasses all characteristics of economic activity related to the acquisition, retention, and loss of jobs?

Labor market Signup and view all the answers

What is a major contribution to people being in distress?

Unemployment Signup and view all the answers

What are some reasons for unemployment?

Economic cycles, downsizing, shifts in the distribution of jobs, deskilling of jobs, temporary positions. Signup and view all the answers

Who came up with the demand/control model for job demands and decision latitudes?

Karasek Signup and view all the answers

What describes a worker who experiences a high level of demands on the job and has little flexibility to meet those demands?

Demand/control model Signup and view all the answers

______ is based on a belief of freedom on the job ex: closeness of supervision.

Decision latitude Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with high self-esteem and high life satisfaction?

Substantive complexity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Epidemiology of Mental Illness

Focuses on incidence and prevalence rates of mental illness within populations.

Challenges in Epidemiological Studies

Issues with defining mental illness, establishing a representative sampling pool, and practical implementation of studies.

Current Epidemiological Studies

Key studies include the Epidemiological Catchment Area (ECA) study and the National Comorbidity Study (NCS).

Key Studies

ECA: Investigates mental health trends and conditions across various demographic groups.
NCS: Explores the prevalence and correlates of mental disorders nationally.

Prevalence of Mental Illness

Approximately 45% of individuals experience some form of mental illness in their lifetime.
Major depression affects about 15-20% of the population at some point.
10% experience major depression within a year.

Edward Jarvis conducted the first significant study in the 1850s, focusing on the mentally ill in asylums.
He estimated that 2% of asylum patients were genuinely mentally ill, indicating misclassification.

Findings suggested that mental illness was more prevalent among poorer classes.
Faris and Dunham's study in 1930s Chicago mapped neighborhoods to analyze wealth-related disparities in mental health.

Sociological Contributions

Hollingshead (sociologist) and Redich (psychiatrist) conducted a 1950s study in New Haven, noting a higher prevalence of mental illness in poorer classes but identifying specific disorders influenced by socioeconomic status.
Their findings indicated that upper classes faced anxiety and mood disorders, while lower classes showed higher rates of schizophrenia.

Srole's Random Study

Conducted in Manhattan in the late 1950s with 1,500 surveyed individuals, revealing that wealthier individuals appeared to have more mental health issues due to the rich environment of Manhattan.

Mental Illness and Socioeconomic Status

The "drift" hypothesis posits that mental illness can lead to lower socioeconomic status ("can't hold a job").
The "causation" model suggests that socioeconomic status contributes to the development of mental illness.

Socioeconomic Stressors

Factors like stressors and resources help explain the link between mental illness and socioeconomic status.

Labor Market Dynamics

Karl Marx's viewpoint emphasized that individuals have little control over job-related economic activities, contributing to distress.
Unemployment is a significant distress factor, influenced by economic cycles, job downsizing, and shifts in job distributions.

Job Demands and Control

Karasek's demand/control model highlights the psychological distress faced by workers with high demands and low decision-making flexibility in their jobs.
A job environment characterized by close supervision limits decision latitude, affecting mental health.

Job Complexity and Well-Being

Higher self-esteem and life satisfaction correlate with jobs that demand substantial cognitive engagement, referred to as substantive complexity.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the epidemiology of mental illness, exploring key concepts and terminology related to its incidence and prevalence. It addresses various challenges in conducting epidemiological studies and highlights important studies in the field. Ideal for students studying mental health and social dynamics.