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Questions and Answers
What percentage of the population will experience a mental health disorder in their lifetime?
What percentage of the population will experience a mental health disorder in their lifetime?
Which age group had the highest prevalence of mental health disorders in the prior 12 months?
Which age group had the highest prevalence of mental health disorders in the prior 12 months?
What is the likelihood of having substance use issues if you have a mental health disorder?
What is the likelihood of having substance use issues if you have a mental health disorder?
What is the estimated prevalence range of dual diagnosis?
What is the estimated prevalence range of dual diagnosis?
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In alcohol and drug treatment settings, which group is more likely to have other mental disorders?
In alcohol and drug treatment settings, which group is more likely to have other mental disorders?
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What is the percentage of males in A&D settings who do not have alcohol use disorder?
What is the percentage of males in A&D settings who do not have alcohol use disorder?
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What is the relationship between age of onset and the risk of developing other disorders?
What is the relationship between age of onset and the risk of developing other disorders?
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What is the percentage of females in A&D settings with dual diagnosis?
What is the percentage of females in A&D settings with dual diagnosis?
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According to the Australian survey, what percentage of people with meth dependence experienced major depression or an anxiety disorder in the past year?
According to the Australian survey, what percentage of people with meth dependence experienced major depression or an anxiety disorder in the past year?
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What is a possible long-term effect of cannabis use?
What is a possible long-term effect of cannabis use?
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What is a possible effect of stimulants on existing depression?
What is a possible effect of stimulants on existing depression?
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What percentage of people with affective disorder also have alcohol use disorder?
What percentage of people with affective disorder also have alcohol use disorder?
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What is a symptom of depression?
What is a symptom of depression?
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Which of the following is a depressant?
Which of the following is a depressant?
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What is a possible outcome for people hospitalised with a methamphetamine-induced psychotic episode?
What is a possible outcome for people hospitalised with a methamphetamine-induced psychotic episode?
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How many times are tobacco users more likely to experience anxiety disorder?
How many times are tobacco users more likely to experience anxiety disorder?
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What is a common symptom of anxiety?
What is a common symptom of anxiety?
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Which of the following substances can cause paranoia as a symptom of intoxication?
Which of the following substances can cause paranoia as a symptom of intoxication?
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What is a characteristic of stimulant withdrawal?
What is a characteristic of stimulant withdrawal?
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What is a common feature of hangxiety?
What is a common feature of hangxiety?
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What is a behavior associated with individuals who experience anxiety?
What is a behavior associated with individuals who experience anxiety?
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What is a long-term effect of stimulant use?
What is a long-term effect of stimulant use?
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What is the purpose of using depressant drugs as a form of self-medication?
What is the purpose of using depressant drugs as a form of self-medication?
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What is the term used to describe the use of stimulant drugs as self-medication for depression?
What is the term used to describe the use of stimulant drugs as self-medication for depression?
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What is the percentage of people with a history of trauma who may use pain relieving drugs to manage chronic emotional pain?
What is the percentage of people with a history of trauma who may use pain relieving drugs to manage chronic emotional pain?
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What is the term used to describe the indirect causal relationship between mental health and AOD use?
What is the term used to describe the indirect causal relationship between mental health and AOD use?
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What is an example of a shared risk factor for both AOD use and mental health conditions?
What is an example of a shared risk factor for both AOD use and mental health conditions?
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Why is it important to understand the relationship between AOD use and mental health conditions?
Why is it important to understand the relationship between AOD use and mental health conditions?
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What is a consequence of dual diagnosis for the client?
What is a consequence of dual diagnosis for the client?
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What is an example of an extra challenge faced by individuals with a dual diagnosis?
What is an example of an extra challenge faced by individuals with a dual diagnosis?
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What is a common issue in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
What is a common issue in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
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What is a characteristic of negative symptoms in schizophrenia?
What is a characteristic of negative symptoms in schizophrenia?
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What is a common challenge in assessing individuals with dual diagnosis?
What is a common challenge in assessing individuals with dual diagnosis?
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What is a common philosophy conflict in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
What is a common philosophy conflict in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
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What is a characteristic of depression?
What is a characteristic of depression?
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What is a common issue in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
What is a common issue in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
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What is a potential solution to improve assessment in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
What is a potential solution to improve assessment in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
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What is a common challenge in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
What is a common challenge in treatment services for individuals with dual diagnosis?
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Study Notes
Incidence of Dual Diagnosis (DD)
- 42.9% of the population will experience a mental health (MH) disorder in their lifetime.
- 21.5% of the population experienced a MH disorder in the prior 12 months, with anxiety being the most common at 17.2%.
- 38.8% of people aged 16-24 had a MH disorder in the prior 12 months.
- People with a MH disorder are likely to have substance use issues and vice versa.
- Dual diagnosis prevalence estimates range from 30-90%, varying based on diagnostic criteria and settings.
- Higher prevalence in Alcohol & Drug (A&D) settings, treatment settings, and among Indigenous Australians.
- In A&D settings, females with alcohol use disorder are more likely to have other mental disorders compared to males.
Incidence of Dual Diagnosis (DD) in A&D Settings
- 48% of females in A&D settings have alcohol use disorder, anxiety, affective, or drug use disorder.
- 34% of males in A&D settings have alcohol use disorder or mental disorder.
- 9% of males in A&D settings do not have alcohol use disorder.
- Alcohol dependence increases the risk of affective disorder by 4.5 times and anxiety disorder by 4.4 times.
- Cannabis dependence increases the risk of anxiety disorder by 4.3 times.
- Tobacco users are 2.2 times more likely to have affective disorder and 2.4 times more likely to have anxiety disorder.
- Methamphetamine users are at risk of psychotic episodes, with up to 30% experiencing psychotic episodes each year.
- Approximately one-third of people hospitalized with a methamphetamine-induced psychotic episode go on to be diagnosed with schizophrenia later in life.
How Drug Use Causes Mental Health Problems
- Depressants reduce arousal and stimulation, leading to symptoms of depression, including:
- Feeling sad or depressed
- Loss of interest and pleasure in normal activities
- Loss of appetite or weight
- Inability to sleep or waking up early
- Feeling tired all the time
- Having trouble concentrating
- Feeling restless, agitated, worthless, or guilty
- Feeling that life isn't worth living
- Stimulants can worsen depression and anxiety, with long-term use potentially leading to depression-like symptoms.
Anxiety
- Symptoms of anxiety include:
- Feeling worried all the time
- Getting tired easily
- Unable to concentrate
- Feeling irritable
- Irregular heartbeats or palpitations
- Dizziness
- Muscle tensions and pains
- Depressants can exacerbate anxiety, while stimulants can increase anxiety states and panic.
- Hangxiety, a combination of hangover and anxiety, can impair emotional regulation and cognitive functions.
Factors Influencing AOD Use
- Not finishing high school, unemployment, and depression can increase the risk of AOD use.
- Personality characteristics may lead to use in greater quantities or frequency.
- Lower socioeconomic status, cognitive impairment, conduct disorder in childhood, and antisocial personality disorder can increase the risk of both AOD and mental health conditions.
Dual Diagnosis Concerns
- Greater severity of disorders, increased risk of relapse, and effects on medications are concerns for dual diagnosis clients.
- Loss of support networks, unstable accommodation, family/relationship issues, double stigmatisation, harder access to service, lack of education, and forensic mental health/legal issues can also occur.
- Poorer self-care, increased risk-taking behaviour, and non-compliance with medication can also be concerns.
Issues for Treatment Services
- Complex presentations, unclear diagnoses, and lack of dual expertise or awareness of issues can be challenges for treatment services.
- Added work and perceptions of more effective work can also be issues.
- Lack of flexibility in service provision, confronting clinicians' own issues, and diagnostic issues can also be concerns.
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Description
Quiz on mental health statistics, including incidence of dual diagnosis, national study on mental health and wellbeing, and prevalence of mental health disorders.
