Mental Health Overview

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Questions and Answers

In 2023, approximately what percentage of adults aged 18 or older in the US experienced any mental illness (AMI)?

  • 5.5%
  • 14.6%
  • 58.7%
  • 22.8% (correct)

What is a key characteristic of mental health conditions in relation to substance abuse/dependence?

  • They rarely co-occur with the same medical stigmas or treatments.
  • Belief that they are medical conditions instead of the result of poor choices. (correct)
  • They are always caused by poor choices and lack of self-control.
  • They are easily treatable with the same methods as substance abuse.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the co-morbidity of mental health problems and substance abuse/dependence?

  • Treating mental health conditions alongside substance abuse can present unique challenges. (correct)
  • Mental health conditions and substance abuse are typically treated with identical approaches.
  • Stigma associated with mental health is less severe than that of substance abuse.
  • The co-occurrence of mental health issues and substance abuse is rare.

Why are mental health conditions often harder to treat than substance abuse/dependence?

<p>Mental health conditions have unique features and implications. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes significantly to the challenge of addressing mental health conditions?

<p>The severe stigmas associated with mental health (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of mental health, what does 'co-morbid' mean?

<p>The simultaneous presence of two or more conditions in a patient. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus when distinguishing mental health conditions from substance abuse/dependence?

<p>Whether the condition is considered a medical issue. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mental health conditions relate to substance abuse/dependence?

<p>Mental health conditions and substance abuse/dependence are often co-morbid. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which perspective is increasingly supported regarding mental health conditions, distinguishing them from substance abuse/dependence?

<p>They are medical conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might the high prevalence of ADHD among children relate to broader discussions about mental health?

<p>It highlights the early onset of some mental health challenges. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Axis I disorders primarily characterized by?

<p>Clinical syndromes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an Axis II disorder?

<p>Schizoid personality disorder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant concern regarding mental health conditions, leading to potential harm?

<p>Misdiagnosis leading to inappropriate treatments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of mental health policy, what reflects a key area of consideration?

<p>Whether to institutionalize those with severe conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which question highlights ethical and economic considerations in mental health policy?

<p>If incarceration of severely mentally ill individuals is pursued, who should pay? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the study by Maclean, J.C., et al. (2014) on 'Mental Health and High-Cost Health Care Utilization' primarily investigate?

<p>The relationship between Axis II disorders and healthcare costs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to research by Maclean, J.C., and French, M.T. (2014), what potential correlation was explored?

<p>The relationship between personality disorders and substance use. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Maclean, J.C., et al. (2013) explored the evidence of which relationship?

<p>Mental health and risky sexual behaviors relative to Axis II disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mental health conditions are often:

<p>Misdiagnosed and treated as behavioral problems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary consideration when forming policies related to mental health?

<p>Whether to incarcerate or institutionalize individuals with severe conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mental Illness (General)

A condition that affects a person's thinking, feeling, behavior, or mood.

Any Mental Illness (AMI)

Any mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, excluding developmental or substance use disorders.

Serious Mental Illness (SMI)

A mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder resulting in serious functional impairment, substantially interfering with major life activities.

Co-morbidity

Co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders.

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Stigma (Mental Health)

Negative attitudes or beliefs towards individuals with mental health conditions.

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Axis I Disorders

An older classification system of mental disorders involving clinical disorders.

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Axis II Disorders

An older classification system of mental disorders invovling personality disorders or mental retardation.

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Institutionalization

The act of incarcerating or institutionalizing individuals with mental health conditions.

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Study Notes

  • Mental Health is a critical aspect of overall well-being.

Mental Health Statistics (2023)

  • 58.7 million adults aged 18 or older (22.8%) had any mental illness (AMI).
  • 14.6 million adults (5.5%) had serious mental illness (SMI).
  • The highest prevalence rates of mental illness are in the world.

Mental Health in Children

  • Mental illness is extremely common among children.
  • ADHD is the most prevalent condition in children.

Co-morbidity and Stigma

  • Mental health problems often occur alongside substance abuse or dependence.
  • Many mental health conditions face severe stigmas.
  • There is a distinction of mental health versus substance abuse/dependence, with mental health seen as a medical condition.
  • Mental health conditions can be harder to treat than substance abuse/dependence.

Axis I and II Disorders

  • Axis I disorders include anxiety, mood, eating, psychotic, dissociative, and substance use disorders.
  • Axis II (personality) disorders include antisocial, avoidant, borderline, dependent, histrionic, mental retardation, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal disorders.

Misdiagnosis and Treatment

  • Mental health conditions are often misdiagnosed and treated as behavioral problems.

Questions for Consideration

  • What are the negative internalities and externalities associated with mental health conditions?
  • What is the range of health policy options for mental health?
  • Should individuals with severe mental health conditions be institutionalized like illicit substance users?
  • If so, who should be responsible for the costs?

Recent Research on Personality Disorders

  • Maclean, J.C., et al. (2014) examined mental health and high-cost health care utilization in Axis II disorders.
  • Maclean, J.C., and French, M.T. (2014) studied personality disorders, alcohol use, and alcohol misuse.
  • Maclean, J.C., et al. (2014) researched personality disorders and body weight.
  • Maclean, J.C., et al. (2013) explored mental health and risky sexual behaviors in DSM-IV Axis II disorders.

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