Mental Health and Well-being Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is a key feature of good mental health?

  • Avoiding difficult situations
  • Complete detachment from feelings
  • An unusually high tolerance for discomfort
  • The ability to cope with daily stresses (correct)

    • According to the definition of mental illness, what causes significant pain?

  • Constant emotional regulation
  • Periodic changes in mood
  • Patterns of thinking and emotions that hinder functioning (correct)
  • Patterns of behavior that are socially acceptable

    • What characteristic is NOT typical of poor mental health?

  • Ability to share feelings (correct)
  • Aggressive or passive behavior
  • Negative pessimism
  • Ignorance of problems

    • What does the DSM-5 characterize as a mental disorder?

    <p>Clinically significant disturbances in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is a sign of poor mental health?

    <p>Need to run the group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mental illness is most commonly known to begin during adolescence?

    <p>Major Depression (MD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about individuals with mental disorders?

    <p>They cannot lead productive lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what level of anxiety does Peplau describe it as problematic?

    <p>Severe anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common sign of excessive anxiety?

    <p>Experiencing mild stress at work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential benefit of low levels of anxiety?

    <p>They can provide motivation for survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mental health conditions is most likely to begin in childhood rather than adolescence?

    <p>Disruptive Mood Disorder (Depression)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conditions can escalate anxiety to a level that is problematic?

    <p>Fears of the unknown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an appropriate action if someone experiences prolonged grief after a loss?

    <p>Consult with a counselor or trusted individual.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following behaviors is commonly associated with self-harm?

    <p>Carving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical symptom of depression?

    <p>Withdrawal from family and friends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding bipolar disorder?

    <p>It includes episodes of both mania and depression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes addiction?

    <p>A strong craving leading to increased tolerance and harm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with a mood disorder?

    <p>Increased energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept did Maslow emphasize regarding mental health?

    <p>Hierarchy of needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes an individual in a state of mental health according to the WHO?

    <p>Can realize potential and cope with normal life stresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Robinson, how is mental health defined?

    <p>Demonstrating behaviors congruent with local cultural norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is mental well-being considered a valuable asset for workplaces?

    <p>It leads to improved productivity and reduced absenteeism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements reflects Maslow's view on self-actualization?

    <p>It is the fulfillment of one's highest potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could lead an individual to shift down the hierarchy of needs according to Maslow?

    <p>Facing critical life events, like surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of mental health defined by Robinson?

    <p>Successful adaptation to internal and external stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What benefit do workplaces experience by actively nurturing mental well-being?

    <p>Overall competitiveness improves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Obsessive/Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

    <p>An uncontrollable need to perform repetitive acts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?

    <p>Difficulty with impulse control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of Schizophrenia?

    <p>Inability to distinguish fantasy from reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

    <p>A terrifying event, either experienced or witnessed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by an individual creating distinct identities to cope with trauma?

    <p>Dissociative Identity Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with ADHD?

    <p>Inability to enjoy social interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can be a contributing factor to the development of schizophrenia?

    <p>Early psychological trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes a phobia?

    <p>An extreme, irrational fear of an object or situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mental Health

    • Maslow (1970) defined mental health in terms of an individual's drive towards self-actualization, emphasizing a hierarchy of needs.
    • Self-actualization is the realization of one's full potential.
    • Reaching higher levels in Maslow's hierarchy requires fulfilling lower-level needs.
    • Life circumstances can cause an individual to temporarily regress to lower-level needs.

    Mental Wellbeing

    • Mental well-being benefits individuals and workplaces.
    • In workplaces, mental well-being promotes engagement, reduces absenteeism, and improves overall performance.
    • The World Health Organization (2014) defines mental health as the ability to cope with daily stressors, work productively, and contribute to society.

    Mental Health Definition

    • Robinson (1983) defines mental health as a dynamic state of age-appropriate thoughts, feelings, and behaviors aligned with local and cultural norms.
    • Mental health is viewed as the ability to adapt to internal and external stressors.

    Characteristics of Poor Mental Health:

    • Internal:
      • Difficulty sharing feelings
      • Allowing emotions to control behavior
      • Pessimism
      • Ignoring or denying problems
      • Resistance to change
      • Letting stress control life
    • External:
      • "You" messages (blame and escalation)
      • Aggressive or passive behavior
      • Depressive tendencies
      • Avoiding conflict
      • Close-mindedness
      • Need to control others

    Mental Illness

    • Mental illness is characterized by patterns of thinking, emotions, or behaviors that cause distress and impair daily functioning.
    • Mental illnesses can be caused by complex interactions of genetics, environment, and brain disorders.
    • The American Psychiatric Association (APA, 2013) defines a mental disorder as a significant disturbance in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior, indicative of dysfunction in psychological, biological, or developmental processes.

    The Prevalence of Mental Illness

    • Many mental illnesses begin in childhood and persist into adolescence.
    • Some mental illnesses, like major depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder, are more likely to emerge during adolescence.

    Understanding People with Mental Illnesses

    • Most individuals with mental disorders live productive lives while receiving treatment.
    • Severe and persistent mental disorders may respond poorly to treatments, just as with other illnesses.
    • Mental illness affects individuals regardless of their social, economic, or geographical background.

    Treatment of Mental Illness

    • If you are experiencing sadness, stress, or worry, speak with someone about how you are feeling.
    • Seek help from a parent, teacher, counselor, or physician if you are experiencing:
      • Persistent anger or worry
      • Reckless behaviors that could harm yourself or others
      • Prolonged grief after loss or death
      • Feeling like your mind is out of control
      • Substance abuse
      • Obsessive exercise, dieting or binge-eating
      • Hurting others or destroying property

    Anxiety

    • Anxiety can be adaptive in low levels, providing motivation for survival.
    • Problematic anxiety occurs when it escalates, interfering with basic needs.
    • Peplau (1963) identified four levels of anxiety: mild, moderate, severe, and panic.

    Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

    • Characterized by an uncontrollable need to perform repetitive acts (compulsions).
    • Compulsions often become so frequent that they disrupt daily life.

    Schizophrenia

    • A condition marked by a loss of touch with reality, leading to reduced functioning.
    • Individuals with schizophrenia may struggle to distinguish between fantasy and reality.
    • Schizophrenia may be linked to brain tissue shrinkage.
    • Genetic predisposition, childhood trauma, and psychological stressors can increase the risk of developing schizophrenia.
    • The term "split mind" is used to describe the disconnect from reality, but it is important to note that schizophrenia does not refer to having multiple personalities.

    Multiple Personality Disorder (Dissociative Identity Disorder)

    • Individuals with dissociative identity disorder have two or more distinct personalities that control their thinking and behavior.
    • Different personalities may develop as a coping mechanism for trauma or pain.

    Phobia

    • A phobia is an extreme, irrational fear of a specific object or situation.

    Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

    • A combination of difficulties including inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior.
    • Typically diagnosed before age seven, but symptoms can manifest as early as ages two or three.
    • ADHD can significantly impact multiple areas of life.

    ADHD Signs and Symptoms:

    • Inattentive:
      • Difficulty paying attention to details
      • Making careless mistakes
      • Difficulty sustaining attention
      • Struggling to follow instructions
      • Problems organizing tasks or activities
    • Hyperactive/Impulsive:
      • Fidgeting or squirming frequently
      • Leaving seat frequently
      • Restlessness
      • Excessive talking
      • Difficulty waiting turn
      • Interrupting conversations

    Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

    • A mental health condition triggered by traumatic events, either experienced directly or witnessed.
    • Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, severe anxiety, and intrusive thoughts about the event.

    Self-Harm

    • The act of inflicting physical harm to the body to alter a mood state.
    • Severe enough to cause tissue damage.

    Common Self-Harm Behaviors:

    • Bruising
    • Cutting
    • Biting
    • Burning
    • Picking skin
    • Head-banging
    • Pulling hair
    • Carving
    • Bone-breaking
    • Scratching

    Depression (Mood Disorder)

    • Characterized by sadness, dependency, and hopelessness.
    • Individuals with depression may experience a loss of pleasure or interest in activities.
    • Depression requires medical attention.

    Depression Symptoms:

    • Withdrawal from social situations
    • Drop in academic performance
    • Changes in eating and sleeping patterns
    • Significant weight gain or loss (5% per month)
    • Unresolved grief
    • Substance abuse
    • Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions
    • Irritability or angry outbursts

    Bipolar Disorder (Mania - Hypomania):

    • Bipolar disorder involves both depressive and manic or hypomanic episodes.
    • Hypomanic symptoms: Increased energy, decreased need for sleep, increased talking, inflated self-esteem.
    • Manic symptoms: Severe mood fluctuations, disregard for risk, insomnia, loss of interest, racing thoughts.
    • Bipolar disorder requires medical attention.

    Addiction

    • A physical or psychological craving for a substance or behavior, leading to harmful consequences for oneself, social interactions, or finances.

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    Palestine Polytechnic University - Clinical Psychology Lecture Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores key concepts in mental health, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and definitions of mental well-being. Understand how mental health impacts individuals and workplaces, and learn about its dynamic nature in relation to cultural norms.

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