Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by menstrual flow lasting 3-5 days?
Which phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by menstrual flow lasting 3-5 days?
The corpus luteum secretes estrogen during the luteal phase.
The corpus luteum secretes estrogen during the luteal phase.
False (B)
What hormone triggers the rupture of the Graafian follicle during the ovulatory phase?
What hormone triggers the rupture of the Graafian follicle during the ovulatory phase?
LH
_____ is the hormone that helps relax pelvic ligaments during childbirth.
_____ is the hormone that helps relax pelvic ligaments during childbirth.
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Match the following phases of the menstrual cycle with their descriptions:
Match the following phases of the menstrual cycle with their descriptions:
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What happens during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?
What happens during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?
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Oxytocin is primarily involved in stimulating uterine contractions during parturition.
Oxytocin is primarily involved in stimulating uterine contractions during parturition.
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What is the function of oxytocin in lactation?
What is the function of oxytocin in lactation?
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The hormonal changes leading to ovulation are stimulated by _____ and _____ released from the anterior pituitary.
The hormonal changes leading to ovulation are stimulated by _____ and _____ released from the anterior pituitary.
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During which phase does the endometrium regenerate through proliferation?
During which phase does the endometrium regenerate through proliferation?
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Flashcards
Menstrual Phase
Menstrual Phase
Phase of the menstrual cycle where the uterine lining sheds, causing bleeding.
Follicular Phase
Follicular Phase
Phase of the menstrual cycle where the follicle matures and the uterine lining thickens.
Ovulatory Phase
Ovulatory Phase
Phase of menstrual cycle involving the release of an egg.
Luteal Phase
Luteal Phase
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Relaxin's Role
Relaxin's Role
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Oxytocin's Role
Oxytocin's Role
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Vitelline Membrane
Vitelline Membrane
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Zona Pellucida
Zona Pellucida
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Corona Radiata
Corona Radiata
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Corpus Luteum
Corpus Luteum
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Study Notes
Menstrual Cycle Phases
- The menstrual cycle has four phases: menstrual, follicular, ovulatory, and luteal.
- Menstrual phase: The cycle begins with the menstrual phase, lasting 3-5 days. Menstrual flow results from the breakdown of the uterine lining and blood vessels due to declining progesterone and estrogen.
- Follicular phase: This phase lasts from day 5 to ovulation. The primary follicle in the ovary develops into a mature Graafian follicle. Simultaneously, the uterine lining regenerates through proliferation. The development is stimulated by FSH and LH which increase gradually. Follicle cells also secrete estrogen.
- Ovulatory phase: LH and FSH peak around day 14; LH surge causes Graafian follicle rupture and ovum (secondary oocyte) release. Release into peritoneal cavity = ovulation.
- Luteal phase: After ovulation, the remaining follicle transforms into the corpus luteum. This structure secretes progesterone, crucial for maintaining the uterine lining in preparation for possible implantation. Corpus luteum degenerates if no fertilization occurs, leading to menstruation. Implantation of a fertilized ovum is supported by the uterine lining.
Role of Oxytocin and Relaxin
- Relaxin: A hormone from the placenta (and corpus luteum), it relaxes pelvic ligaments during parturition (childbirth).
- Oxytocin: As pregnancy progresses, estrogen increases; this stimulates uterine contractions. Oxytocin release from the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary gland) causes powerful uterine contractions, necessary for childbirth (parturition). Oxytocin also triggers the "let-down" reflex, stimulating milk ejection during lactation.
Human Ovum Parts
- Parts of a human ovum:
- Vitelline membrane
- Nucleus
- Zona pellucida
- Corona radiata
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Description
Test your knowledge about the four phases of the menstrual cycle: menstrual, follicular, ovulatory, and luteal. This quiz will cover the hormonal changes, physiological processes, and significant events that occur during each phase. Enhance your understanding of female reproductive health through this engaging quiz.
