Meningococcal Meningitis Prevention
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Questions and Answers

What is a common source of tetanus spores?

  • Circumcision wounds (correct)
  • Surgical wounds
  • Burn injuries
  • All of the above
  • What is a characteristic of individuals who are at risk of tetanus infection?

  • Lack of previous tetanus infection (correct)
  • Having a history of vaccination
  • Being under the age of 18
  • Having a previous history of tetanus infection
  • What is a common route of tetanus infection?

  • Open wounds (correct)
  • Contaminated food and water
  • Vector-borne transmission
  • Respiratory tract
  • What is a consequence of tetanus infection in wounded individuals?

    <p>Severe muscle stiffness and spasms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key factor in determining the risk of tetanus infection in wounded individuals?

    <p>Type of wound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of tetanus infection in individuals without a previous history of tetanus infection?

    <p>Severe muscle stiffness and spasms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor that increases the risk of tetanus infection in wounded individuals?

    <p>Presence of tetanus spores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of tetanus infection in wounded individuals?

    <p>Rapid progression of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between tetanus infection in individuals with and without a previous history of tetanus infection?

    <p>Severity of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of not receiving proper treatment for tetanus infection in wounded individuals?

    <p>Death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Meningococcal Meningitis

    • Most cases in Africa and the Middle East are caused by serogroups A and C, while in Europe, it is caused by serogroup B.
    • Vaccination is the best prevention method, which includes antigens against serogroups A, C, Y, and W135.

    Bacterial Characteristics

    • Cocci are catalase-positive and oxidase-negative.
    • Gram-positive bacilli are aerobic and non-sporing.

    Listeria

    • Listeria is a Gram-positive bacterium that is commonly found in animals, plants, and soil.
    • It can cause opportunistic infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.
    • It is distributed worldwide.

    Diseases and Treatment

    • Meningitis can be caused by Listeria, and specific therapy must be guided by antibiotic susceptibility tests.
    • Diphtheria can be caused by the tox gene and can be treated with antitoxin.
    • Tetanus can be caused by spores, especially in wounded persons without a previous vaccination history or in circumcision wounds.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the prevention methods of meningococcal meningitis, including vaccination and antigen types.

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