Mendelian Genetics and Probability lecture 19

If a plant species exhibits incomplete dominance for flower color, where RR produces red flowers, rr produces white flowers, and Rr produces pink flowers, what percentage of offspring from a cross between two pink-flowered plants (Rr x Rr) will have red flowers?

The law of independent assortment states that genes for different traits are always inherited together.

What term describes a situation where one gene influences multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits?

In a scenario where a single gene controls the color of a certain flower but the environment, particularly soil pH, can alter the expression of that gene, resulting in different shades of flower color. This is an example of the influence of ______ factors on the expression of a gene.

Match the following genetic phenomena with their descriptions:

In a polygenic inheritance system, what happens to the number of distinct phenotypic classes as the number of involved genes increases?

Codominance is a form of gene interaction where one allele completely masks the effect of another allele at the same locus.

What is the phenotypic ratio expected in the F2 generation of a dihybrid cross when both genes assort independently and display complete dominance?

The ABO blood group system in humans is an example of ______, where both A and B alleles are expressed in individuals with the AB genotype.

Match each term with the most appropriate example:

A plant has three genes that affect height. Each dominant allele (A, B, C) adds 2 cm to a base height of 10 cm. What is the height of a plant with the genotype AabbCc?

Environmental factors can only influence quantitative traits and have no impact on qualitative traits.

In a cross between two individuals with the genotype AaBbCc, where the genes assort independently, what is the probability of obtaining an offspring with the genotype AABBcc?

When the heterozygote displays a phenotype that is intermediate between the phenotypes of both homozygotes, this pattern of inheritance is called ______.

Match the following genetic terms with their correct definitions:

Which of the following genetic scenarios could result in a deviation from the expected Mendelian ratios?

If a gene is polymorphic, it means that every individual in a population must have a different version of that gene.

Explain how environmental factors can influence the expression of a single gene, using a specific example.

A statistical rule used to determine the probability of two independent events occurring together, by multiplying their individual probabilities, is known as the ______ rule.

Match the statistical terms used in genetics with their correct application:

A cross between two plants yields offspring with a phenotypic ratio of 1:2:1 for a particular trait. Which inheritance pattern is most likely responsible for this ratio?

Polygenic traits usually show distinct, discrete phenotypic categories, rather than a continuous range of variation.

In what situation would you apply the sum rule in genetic probability calculations?

A diagram that is used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a cross, based on the genotypes of the parents, is called a ______ square.

Match each term with its example:

An organism displays a trait that appears to be influenced by environmental factors, and its intensity varies among individuals with the same genotype. Which concept best describes this phenomenon?

If two genes are located very far apart on the same chromosome, they will always assort independently.

What is the phenotypic ratio expected from a testcross involving an individual heterozygous for two independently assorting genes?

Genes that are located on the same chromosome are referred to as ______ genes.

Match the following genotype scenarios with correct term: