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Questions and Answers
What is rehearsal?
What is rehearsal?
Process of doing something so that information can be retained in memory and then retrieved when required.
What is maintenance rehearsal?
What is maintenance rehearsal?
It involves simple, rote repetition of information being remembered.
Which of the following are key characteristics of maintenance rehearsal? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are key characteristics of maintenance rehearsal? (Select all that apply)
- Holds information in short-term memory for a longer time (correct)
- Attended consciously (correct)
- Transfers information to long-term memory
- Links to other information
What is elaborative rehearsal?
What is elaborative rehearsal?
Which of the following are key characteristics of elaborative rehearsal? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are key characteristics of elaborative rehearsal? (Select all that apply)
What is a mnemonic device?
What is a mnemonic device?
Which of the following are examples of mnemonics? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are examples of mnemonics? (Select all that apply)
What did Bower and Clark's 1969 narrative chaining research involve?
What did Bower and Clark's 1969 narrative chaining research involve?
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Study Notes
Rehearsal in Memory
- Rehearsal is essential for retaining and retrieving information from memory.
- There are two primary types: maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal.
Maintenance Rehearsal
- Involves rote repetition to remember information temporarily.
- Keeps information in short-term memory but does not facilitate transfer to long-term memory (LTM).
- Requires conscious attention but lacks meaningful connections to other information.
Key Points for Maintenance Rehearsal
- Effective for short-term retention, not long-term storage.
- Does not enhance understanding or contextualization of the information.
Elaborative Rehearsal
- Involves linking new information with existing knowledge in a meaningful manner.
- More active and effective than maintenance rehearsal for memory encoding.
Key Points for Elaborative Rehearsal
- Promotes better encoding by focusing on the meaning of information.
- Encourages deeper information processing which aids in memory retrieval later.
- Utilizes generating cues that facilitate accessing stored information in LTM.
Mnemonic Devices
- Techniques that aid in the encoding of material and enhance retrieval efficiency.
- Help consolidate memory by providing structured methods for recall.
Examples of Mnemonics
- Acronyms: Using the first letters of words to form a new word.
- Acrostics: Creating a phrase or sentence where the first letter of each word stands for another word.
- Rhymes: Utilizing rhythmic patterns to enhance memorization.
- Narrative chaining: Forming a story that links items to be remembered in a cohesive narrative.
Narrative Chaining Research
- Conducted by Bower and Clark in 1969.
- Participants learned a word list and were instructed to use narrative chaining technique.
- No prior instructions on memory techniques were given, highlighting the impact of the method.
- Study design included a good sample size, clearly defined variables, and controlled extraneous influences.
- Results were significant, providing generalizable insights into the effectiveness of narrative chaining in memory improvement.
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