Memory Research Quiz

True (A)

Declarative and procedural memory

<p>episodic, semantic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Episodic Memory = Memory of personal experiences Semantic Memory = Memory of general knowledge Procedural Memory = Memory involving skills and procedures Declarative Memory = Explicit memories that can be consciously recalled</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use of only student participants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Laboratory experiments</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>45 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Change the order of events or context reinstatement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive Interview = 45 Standard Interview = 32</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>80% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acoustically similar, acoustically dissimilar, semantically similar, semantically dissimilar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>echoic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>STM = Coded acoustically LTM = Coded semantically Sensory register = Modality specific Echoic memory = Stores auditory information</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semantically similar words (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is based on sound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The influence of post-event discussion on memory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>memory conformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>different</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They discussed the event before recalling it. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Experimental Group = Discussed the event before recall Control Group = No discussion before recall Memory Conformity = Agreeing with others for social approval Population Validity = Similar effects observed in younger and older adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moderate levels of anxiety can improve the accuracy of EWT (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Better use of police time and resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>inaccurate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To integrate visual, spatial, and verbal information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bank tellers who were directly threatened (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4 chunks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Occipital</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>retrieval</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yerkes-Dodson law = Relationship between anxiety and performance Cognitive Interview = Improvement of EWT accuracy Christianson and Hubinette study = High anxiety leads to better memory Nomothetic approach = Generalized research over individual cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central Executive = Modality Free coding, Limited Capacity Phonological Loop = Acoustic coding, Limited Duration Visuo Spatial Sketchpad = Visual coding, Limited Capacity Episodic Buffer = Integrates information, Links to LTM</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baddeley and Hitch (1976) findings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Case study evidence of EVR</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bahrick et al. (1975) studied memory recall in participants aged 17-74.

Bahrick et al. found LTM retains names and faces, lasting up to 48 years.

The sensory register processes information through specific modalities like sight and sound.

Refers to how the sensory register contains separate stores for different types of sensory input.

Baddeley found that STM encodes information mainly via sound, as shown by errors in recalling similar-sounding words.

In LTM, information is primarily coded by meaning, leading to errors in recalling similar-meaning words.

A methodology where different participants are used for each condition in an experiment.

Participants showed errors in recalling semantically similar words after 20 minutes, indicating LTM coding.

An interview technique designed to improve memory recall using specific strategies.

A traditional method of interviewing that may yield less accurate recall from witnesses.

The average number of accurately recalled items during an interview.

A technique where witnesses are instructed to recall all details, regardless of perceived relevance.

A method of selecting participants where each individual has an equal chance of being chosen.

The alteration of memory from discussing an event with others.

The tendency of witnesses to align their memories with others.

A study on memory accuracy involving pairs watching different angles of a crime.

Participants who discussed the event before recalling it.

Participants who recalled the event without discussion.

The percentage of experimental group participants who recalled unseen aspects.

Both younger and older participants showed similar memory distortion.

Uncertainty about why memory distortion occurs.

Studies on memory capacity, duration, and coding have high reliability due to controlled environments.

Memory studies often use tasks like word lists, which are not typical for everyday memory.

Many memory studies lack external validity due to outdated methods and participant demographics.

Explicit memories that can be consciously recalled, including facts and events.

Implicit memories that involve skills and tasks, usually recalled unconsciously.

A subcategory of declarative memory that involves personal experiences and specific events.

A subcategory of declarative memory consisting of general knowledge and facts.

A temporary store integrating visual, spatial, and verbal information in working memory.

A property of certain memory components that allows processing information regardless of sensory input type.

A component of working memory that processes auditory information with limited capacity.

The part of working memory that handles visual and spatial tasks.

Research design that tests the effects of performing two tasks simultaneously on memory performance.

Limited capacity of about 4 chunks of information.

The control system in working memory that oversees and coordinates the different components.

An example showing challenges to the model due to complex brain injury affecting memory components.

Anxiety can impact the accuracy of eyewitness testimony (EWT), possibly lowering its validity.

This law suggests that optimal performance occurs at moderate levels of anxiety, while too much anxiety may impair memory.

Understanding anxiety's role in EWT helps police gather better witness information, optimizing resources.

Anxiety may not always decrease EWT accuracy; sometimes it enhances memory recall, complicating its role.

Their study found that highly anxious witnesses (bank tellers) had better memory recall than less anxious bystanders.

Combining these approaches may yield a deeper understanding of anxiety's role in EWT.

This theory states that multiple methods can access the same memory, improving the chance of recall.