Memory Processes Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are the three sequential processes of memory?

Encoding, Storage, Retrieval.

What is the process of encoding?

Encoding refers to the process of putting information into a form that will allow it to fit in with your personal storage system.

What is storage in terms of memory?

Storage is keeping information in the brain so we can use it later.

What is the process of retrieval?

Retrieval is the process of getting information back from memory. Signup and view all the answers

What human theory did Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) propose?

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) proposed the Multi-Store model of memory. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three stores that Atkinson and Shiffrin referred to?

Sensory Memory, Short-term Memory, Long-Term Memory. Signup and view all the answers

What is sensory memory and how does it interact with short-term memory?

Sensory memory is a very brief memory store, and if the information is paid attention to, it can be transferred to short-term memory. Signup and view all the answers

What is short-term memory and how does it interact with long-term memory?

Short-term memory is a limited store of actively conscious memory. If information is encoded, it is then transferred to long-term memory. Signup and view all the answers

What is long-term memory and how does it interact with memory?

Long-term memory is a store of information that is virtually limitless in capacity. It needs retrieval to bring it back into conscious awareness. Signup and view all the answers

What does sensory memory relate to and how does it interact with short-term memory?

Sensory memory relates to memory within our sensory organs. Information is sent to short-term memory if it's unique and attracts our attention. Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacity and duration of sensory memory?

Sensory memory has an unlimited capacity and a very brief duration. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sensory memory?

Sensory memory prevents us from being overwhelmed by the huge amounts of incoming sensory information. Signup and view all the answers

What is iconic memory and how long does it last for?

Iconic memory refers to visual sensory memory and lasts for 0.3 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

How long does iconic memory last for?

Iconic memory lasts for 0.3 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What is echoic memory and how long does it last for?

Echoic memory refers to our auditory (sound) sensory memory and lasts for 3-4 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Three Sequential Processes of Memory

Memory involves three key processes: Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval.

Encoding

Encoding transforms information into a form suitable for storage within the brain's memory system.

Storage

Storage refers to maintaining information in the brain for future use.

Retrieval

Retrieval is the act of accessing and bringing stored information back into conscious awareness.

Multi-Store Model of Memory

Proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968, this model outlines a framework for understanding the various components of memory.

Three Stores of Memory

The model identifies three types of memory:
- Sensory Memory
- Short-Term Memory (STM)
- Long-Term Memory (LTM)

Sensory Memory

Functions as a brief storage system that holds sensory information.
Information that captures attention can transition from sensory memory to STM.

Short-Term Memory (STM)

Consists of a limited capacity for actively conscious thoughts.
Capable of transferring encoded information to Long-Term Memory.

Long-Term Memory (LTM)

Acts as a virtually limitless store for information.
Requires retrieval to bring stored information back into conscious awareness.

Interaction of Sensory Memory and STM

Sensory Memory connects to sensory organs; unique and attention-grabbing information is forwarded to STM.

Capacity and Duration of Sensory Memory

Sensory Memory features unlimited capacity but has a very brief duration.

Function of Sensory Memory

Helps filter and manage the influx of sensory information, preventing overwhelming experiences.

Iconic Memory

A type of visual sensory memory that lasts approximately 0.3 seconds, capturing brief visual stimuli.

Echoic Memory

Pertains to auditory sensory memory, lasting around 3-4 seconds, enabling retention of sounds.

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Description

Explore the three sequential processes of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval with these helpful flashcards. Each card provides a clear definition to enhance your understanding of how memory works.