lecture 22 quiz- immunology

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Which of the following is a key mechanism that allows memory T cells to persist long-term?

Rapid proliferation rate

Increased expression of pro-apoptotic proteins

Higher metabolic activity

Upregulation of anti-apoptotic factors like BCL-2 in response to IL-7 signaling (correct)

What is a key similarity between the proliferation patterns of memory cells and stem cells?

Memory cells and stem cells both maintain high metabolic activity

Memory cells and stem cells both have slow proliferation rates (correct)

Memory cells and stem cells both exhibit rapid proliferation rates

Memory cells and stem cells have completely different proliferation patterns

What is a key factor that allows memory T cells to provide long-term protection against recurrent infections?

Their ability to rapidly proliferate in response to antigen re-exposure

Their expression of pro-apoptotic proteins that induce cell death

Their longevity and functionality due to factors like anti-apoptotic protein expression (correct)

Their high metabolic activity and energy production

How do memory T cells differ from naïve T cells in terms of their responsiveness to IL-7 signaling?

Memory T cells express relatively higher levels of the IL-7 receptor, indicating increased responsiveness to IL-7 signals Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the migration and residency patterns of memory B cells and memory T cells?

The text does not provide any information about the migration and residency patterns of memory B cells and memory T cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best summarizes a key similarity between memory cells and stem cells described in the text?

Both memory cells and stem cells share mechanisms for controlling cell division and maintaining cellular integrity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of memory B and T lymphocytes in adaptive immunity?

Memory B and T cells are formed during the primary immune response and remain in the body after the infection is cleared, providing long-term protection against reinfection by the same antigen. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells are responsible for activating naive B and T cells during the primary immune response?

Antigen-presenting cells (such as dendritic cells) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of effector B cells during the immune response?

Produce antibodies Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the migration patterns and residency tendencies of memory B and T cells?

Memory B and T cells circulate through the bloodstream and lymphatic system, allowing them to rapidly respond to antigens encountered in various tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of forming memory B and T cells during the primary immune response?

It allows for a more rapid and enhanced response upon subsequent encounters with the same antigen. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the lifespan of memory B and T cells compared to naive B and T cells?

Memory B and T cells have a longer lifespan than naive B and T cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of BCL-2 in memory cells?

Prevent memory cells from undergoing apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

How does the slow proliferation rate of memory cells contribute to their long-term viability?

Minimizes risks associated with cell cycle errors Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of memory cells having lower metabolic activity?

Reduces the risk of cellular damage Signup and view all the answers

How does the proliferation rate of memory cells compare to effector cells?

Memory cells demonstrate slower proliferation than effector cells Signup and view all the answers

Why do stem cells exhibit slow proliferation similar to memory cells?

To protect genomic integrity Signup and view all the answers

What effect does low metabolic activity have on memory cells' survival?

It minimizes the risk of accumulating damage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary goal of the research described in the passage?

To understand the mechanisms of immune memory in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is the primary limitation in our current understanding of memory cell responses to SARS-CoV-2?

The relatively short time since the emergence of COVID-19 Signup and view all the answers

What does the passage suggest will be crucial in determining the persistence and efficacy of memory cells against SARS-CoV-2 infection?

Long-term studies on memory cell responses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does the passage suggest will likely inform future strategies for combating the COVID-19 virus and developing more effective vaccines?

Understanding the mechanisms of immune memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between memory T cells and memory B cells in the context of SARS-CoV-2 immunity?

There is no significant difference between the roles of memory T cells and memory B cells in providing immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of memory B cells that become resident in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)?

To contribute to local immune responses, especially those involving mucosal immunity Signup and view all the answers

How do memory T cells and memory B cells differ in their typical residency patterns?

Memory T cells often become resident in peripheral tissues, while memory B cells display more variability in their locations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of memory cells retaining the ability to respond dynamically to reinfection?

It ensures that memory cells can swiftly mount an immune response wherever it is needed in the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the residency patterns of memory T cells and memory B cells?

Memory T cells often become resident in peripheral tissues, while memory B cells are more commonly found in lymphoid organs Signup and view all the answers

How do memory cells ensure a rapid and targeted immune response to reinfection?

By migrating towards the site of infection, guided by chemotactic signals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of memory B cells compared to memory T cells?

Memory B cells exhibit more variability in their residency patterns Signup and view all the answers