Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with basal cell cancer?
Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with basal cell cancer?
Which risk factor is specifically noted for increasing the likelihood of developing non-melanoma skin cancer?
Which risk factor is specifically noted for increasing the likelihood of developing non-melanoma skin cancer?
What does the 'D' in the ABCDEs of melanoma assessment signify?
What does the 'D' in the ABCDEs of melanoma assessment signify?
Which statement accurately describes squamous cell cancer?
Which statement accurately describes squamous cell cancer?
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Which body area is NOT commonly affected by non-melanoma skin cancer?
Which body area is NOT commonly affected by non-melanoma skin cancer?
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What is a key characteristic of hormonal medications when used to treat acne in females?
What is a key characteristic of hormonal medications when used to treat acne in females?
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Which symptom is NOT associated with spironolactone use?
Which symptom is NOT associated with spironolactone use?
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Which of the following risk factors is NOT typically associated with developing cellulitis?
Which of the following risk factors is NOT typically associated with developing cellulitis?
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Identifying signs of severe cellulitis, which symptom is least likely to be observed?
Identifying signs of severe cellulitis, which symptom is least likely to be observed?
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In the context of cellulitis assessment, what should be observed during a physical examination?
In the context of cellulitis assessment, what should be observed during a physical examination?
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Which types of lesions are classified as comedones?
Which types of lesions are classified as comedones?
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What is the primary biochemical factor believed to influence acne development?
What is the primary biochemical factor believed to influence acne development?
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What is a potential side effect of using benzoyl peroxide?
What is a potential side effect of using benzoyl peroxide?
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What type of acne lesion results from the total disintegration of a comedone?
What type of acne lesion results from the total disintegration of a comedone?
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How do open comedones differ from closed comedones?
How do open comedones differ from closed comedones?
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Which of the following describes how severe acne may affect females during their menstrual cycle?
Which of the following describes how severe acne may affect females during their menstrual cycle?
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Which topical agent is noted for its drying and peeling effects when treating acne?
Which topical agent is noted for its drying and peeling effects when treating acne?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the management of acne?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the management of acne?
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What is the most frequent causative organism associated with furuncles and carbuncles?
What is the most frequent causative organism associated with furuncles and carbuncles?
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Which clinical manifestation is NOT typically associated with furuncles and carbuncles?
Which clinical manifestation is NOT typically associated with furuncles and carbuncles?
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Which predisposing factor increases the risk of developing furuncles and carbuncles?
Which predisposing factor increases the risk of developing furuncles and carbuncles?
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What is the primary treatment strategy for managing impetigo?
What is the primary treatment strategy for managing impetigo?
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Which oral antibiotic is commonly prescribed for the treatment of severe furuncles or carbuncles?
Which oral antibiotic is commonly prescribed for the treatment of severe furuncles or carbuncles?
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What is a common characteristic of urticaria?
What is a common characteristic of urticaria?
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Which factor is NOT typically associated with triggering urticaria?
Which factor is NOT typically associated with triggering urticaria?
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In eczematous dermatitis, which symptom is considered most characteristic?
In eczematous dermatitis, which symptom is considered most characteristic?
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What is a recommended management step for acute urticaria?
What is a recommended management step for acute urticaria?
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Which of the following is true regarding the diagnostic approach for acute urticaria?
Which of the following is true regarding the diagnostic approach for acute urticaria?
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Study Notes
Melanoma Cancer
- Melanoma can occur anywhere on the body, particularly at sites of birthmarks or new moles.
- Highly metastatic, with common spread to the brain, lungs, bones, and liver.
- Diagnosis relies on early detection and treatment for improved survival outcomes.
- Characterized by irregular, circular lesions with various colors including tan, black, and blue.
- Assessment involves the ABCDEs: Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter over 6mm, and Evolving appearance.
Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
- Develops in the epidermis; primary cause is overexposure to the sun.
- Other risk factors include chronic skin damage, genetic predisposition, ionizing radiation, light-skinned race, age over 60, and outdoor occupations.
- Affects sun-exposed areas: face, neck, ears, back of hands.
- Diagnosis confirmed by skin biopsy.
Types
-
Basal Cell Carcinoma:
- Arises from basal cells in the epidermis; metastasis is rare, but can cause local tissue destruction.
- Appears as a waxy nodule with pearly borders or a red papule with a central crater.
-
Squamous Cell Carcinoma:
- Tumor of epidermal keratinocytes; can invade surrounding structures and metastasize.
- Characterized by oozing, bleeding, and crusting lesions; larger tumors have a higher risk of metastasis.
Acne
- A chronic skin disorder induced by hormonal changes during puberty; more prevalent in males.
- Lesions commonly form on the face, neck, chest, shoulders, and back.
- Types of lesions include comedones (open and closed), pustules, papules, and nodules.
- Pathogenesis includes androgen influence on sebaceous glands and bacterial proliferation (Propionibacterium acnes).
- Exacerbated by hormonal cycles in females and influenced by oily skin and genetic predisposition.
Assessment
- Closed comedones are whiteheads, while open comedones are blackheads.
- Inflammation leads to pustules and papules; nodules may result in scarring.
Interventions
- Employ gentle skin-cleansing methods without scrubbing; use prescribed topical agents.
- Pharmacological treatments include benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin), and hormonal medications (oral contraceptives, spironolactone).
- Advise avoiding picking at lesions and using noncomedogenic products.
Cellulitis
- Infection of the dermis and underlying hypodermis; commonly caused by Streptococcus or Staphylococcus aureus.
- Occurs due to skin integrity loss, allowing pathogen invasion.
Risk Factors
- Immunocompromised conditions, diabetes, cancer, obesity, alcohol and drug abuse.
Assessment
- Symptoms include pain, tenderness, erythema, warmth, edema, and fever.
Interventions
- Promote rest, apply warm compresses, and use prescribed antibiotics and dressings.
Furuncles and Carbuncles
- Furuncles (Boils): Deep infections around hair follicles; often recur and can cause scarring.
- Carbuncles: Cluster of furuncles with multiple drainage points, causing significant pain.
Clinical Manifestations
- Painful, erythematous areas that drain pus; common sites include the face and neck.
Management
- Incision and drainage as necessary, along with topical and oral antibiotics; emphasize good hygiene practices.
Impetigo
- Contagious skin infection caused by Group A beta-hemolytic strep or Staphylococcus.
- Characterized by pruritic vesicular lesions and thick honey-colored crusts; primarily located on the face.
Treatment
- Treated with penicillin (systemic or topical) and local care (saline soaks, meticulous hygiene).
- Potential complications include glomerulonephritis.
Urticaria (Hives)
- A manifestation of immunologic and inflammatory responses; linked to histamine release.
- Characterized by transient wheals, itching, and dynamic evolution of lesions.
Assessment
- Monitor for triggers related to food, medications, or environmental exposure.
Management
- Remove triggers, treat itching with antihistamines.
Eczematous Dermatitis
- Superficial inflammation of the skin; commonly referred to as eczema.
- Hands are often most affected; severity relates to irritant concentration and exposure duration.
Clinical Presentation
- Symptoms include redness, pruritus, and various lesions including papules and vesicles.
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Description
Test your knowledge about melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. This quiz covers causes, risk factors, and characteristics of different types of skin cancer. Understand the effects of sun exposure and other contributing factors to skin health.
