Meiosis Quiz

The primary purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes, resulting in haploid cells.

In males, gamete formation is called spermatogenesis, while in females, it is known as oogenesis.

During Interphase I, chromosomes replicate in the S phase, and each duplicated chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids.

<p>Meiosis I consists of four phases: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diploid cells contain two sets of chromosomes (2n), while haploid cells have one set of chromosomes (n).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A zygote is a fertilized egg formed by the fusion of a sperm and egg, each contributing half the chromosome number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prophase I represents about 90% of meiosis I and is significant due to its complexity and the process of homologous recombination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis involves two divisions and results in four haploid gametes, while mitosis results in two diploid daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homologous chromosomes come together to form a tetrad.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humans have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A tetrad consists of two homologous chromosomes or four chromatids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two types are autosomes and sex chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals with Down syndrome have an extra 21st chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sex chromosomes consist of either two X chromosomes for females or one X and one Y chromosome for males.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes, numbered from 1 to 22.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each locus is the specific position of a gene on homologous chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crossing over is the exchange of segments between nonsister chromatids at the chiasmata, which increases genetic variation in gametes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chiasmata are the sites where crossing over occurs, allowing the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Independent assortment randomly orientates homologous pairs to the poles, resulting in a mix of parental chromosomes in gametes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formula is $2^n$, where $n$ is the number of pairs of chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A human male can produce approximately 8 million combinations of sperm, calculated as $2^{23}$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During Anaphase I, sister chromatids remain attached while homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposing poles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytokinesis occurs after Telophase I, resulting in the formation of two haploid daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The X chromosome is associated with female characteristics, while the Y chromosome is key for male characteristics and sex determination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis II produces four haploid daughter cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in its stages, involving the separation of sister chromatids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic variation is crucial for natural selection and adapting to environmental changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each daughter cell will have 10 chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During telophase II, nuclei form and cytokinesis occurs, resulting in haploid cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three sources are crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fertilization produces a zygote, which is a fertilized egg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It will yield 20 chromosomes in each daughter cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers