Questions and Answers
Centromeres divide in which of the following?
What does meiosis II result in for humans?
1N -> 1N
Arrange the following events in the proper order in which they occur during meiosis I:
Separation of homologous chromosomes = 1 Synapsis = 2 Crossing-over = 3 Independent assortment = 4
Germ-line cells are haploid but gametes are diploid.
Signup and view all the answers
Independent assortment occurs in prophase I.
Signup and view all the answers
The number of cells produced by meiosis is ________ the number of cells produced by mitosis.
Signup and view all the answers
The number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by meiosis is ________ the number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by mitosis.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is unique to meiosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Daughter cells produced in meiosis are identical.
Signup and view all the answers
Chromosome duplication occurs prior to both mitosis and meiosis.
Signup and view all the answers
Synapsis is the side-by-side alignment of what?
Signup and view all the answers
At the end of meiosis I, each daughter cell is?
Signup and view all the answers
During anaphase I of meiosis, I move towards opposite cell poles, whereas during anaphase II of meiosis, II are separated.
Signup and view all the answers
Crossing-over occurs in metaphase I.
Signup and view all the answers
Telophase II of meiosis is basically prophase II in reverse.
Signup and view all the answers
Daughter cells produced in meiosis have?
Signup and view all the answers
The number of cells produced in meiosis is?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is unique to meiosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Daughter cells produced in meiosis are identical.
Signup and view all the answers
Chromosome duplication occurs prior to both mitosis and meiosis.
Signup and view all the answers
Random orientation of homologous chromosomes occurs in ______ of meiosis.
Signup and view all the answers
Consider a cell that has four pairs of chromosomes. What is the number of possible chromosome orientations in that cell?
Signup and view all the answers
Consider a cell that has three pairs of chromosomes. What fraction of the gametes produced from this cell will contain only maternal chromosomes?
Signup and view all the answers
The region of the cell where chromosome pairs line up is referred to as the plate.
Signup and view all the answers
The actual structure that homologous chromosomes bind to is called the spindle axis.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following are unique to meiosis?
Signup and view all the answers
A crossover in meiosis is an exchange of genetic material between?
Signup and view all the answers
The four daughter cells produced in meiosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Crossing-over occurs in meiosis I and meiosis II.
Signup and view all the answers
Chromosome duplication occurs between meiosis I and meiosis II.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Meiosis Overview
- Meiosis consists of two stages: meiosis I and meiosis II, leading to the formation of gametes.
- Daughter cells produced by meiosis are haploid, containing half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
Meiosis I Events
- Events during meiosis I occur in the following order:
- Synapsis (homologous chromosomes pair up)
- Crossing-over (exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids)
- Independent assortment (random orientation of homologous chromosomes)
- Separation of homologous chromosomes.
Chromosome and Cell Characteristics
- Each chromosome consists of two chromatids at the end of meiosis I.
- Chromosome duplication occurs before both mitosis and meiosis, ensuring genetic material is replicated.
- Meiosis produces four non-identical daughter cells, while mitosis produces two identical daughter cells.
Unique Features of Meiosis
- Crossing-over is a unique feature of meiosis that increases genetic diversity.
- Synapsis and homologous recombination are also exclusive to meiosis, along with reduction division.
Cell Productions
- Meiosis results in twice the number of cells as mitosis.
- For a cell with four pairs of chromosomes, there are 16 possible orientations (2^n, where n = number of pairs).
- In a cell with three pairs of chromosomes, 1/8 of the gametes will consist of only maternal chromosomes.
Key Definitions
- Germ-line cells are diploid, not haploid.
- Independent assortment occurs during metaphase I, not prophase I.
- The region where chromosomes align is called the metaphase plate.
- The spindle axis is the structure that allows homologous chromosomes to bind.
Misconceptions
- Daughter cells in meiosis are not identical due to crossing-over and independent assortment.
- Chromosome duplication does not occur between meiosis I and meiosis II.
- Crossing-over only occurs in meiosis I, not in meiosis II.
Additional Notes
- Anaphase I involves the movement of homologous chromosomes to opposite poles, while anaphase II involves the separation of sister chromatids.
- Telophase II can be considered prophase II in reverse, as it completes the meiotic process.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on meiosis with these flashcards! This quiz covers key concepts such as centromere division, the stages of meiosis II, and the order of events during meiosis I. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of this essential biological process.