Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is true?
When crossing-over takes place, chromosomes ________________.
exchange corresponding segments of DNA
Which of the following is true about crossing-over?
During which stage of meiosis do chromosomes divide at the centromere?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements about crossing-over is true?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is true concerning sexual reproduction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the importance of crossing over?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement is true about homologous chromosomes?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of these cells is in the process of dividing to form gametes?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement is true about gametes?
Signup and view all the answers
Meiosis begins with one cell, and ends with ________________ cells.
Signup and view all the answers
All of the following increase genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms except ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
If a sperm contains 8 chromosomes, it comes from an animal that has ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
Fertilization in humans produces ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
How many daughter cells are formed in meiosis?
Signup and view all the answers
The exchange segments of DNA between the members of a pair of chromosomes ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
A zygote is a cell that results from ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
All the cells in the dandelion ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell by half?
Signup and view all the answers
A scientist stimulated a culture of cells to begin division. The resulting cells were isolated and analyzed for DNA content. The daughter cells contained half of the genetic information of the parent cells. This indicates that the cells underwent ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
Meiosis is often called reductive division because ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
For crossing over to occur, homologous chromosomes must ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
Two chromosomes that are members of the same pair are referred to as ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
The random distribution of homologous chromosomes during cell division is known as ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
All of the following increase genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms except ________________.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Homologous Chromosomes
- Homologous chromosomes carry the same genes, ensuring genetic consistency during meiosis.
- True statements about homologous chromosomes include all given options.
Crossing-Over
- Crossing-over involves the exchange of corresponding DNA segments between homologous chromosomes.
- It results in new gene combinations and genetic variation, crucial during gamete formation.
- It occurs specifically during prophase I of meiosis, enhancing genetic diversity.
Stages of Meiosis
- Chromosome division at the centromere occurs in Anaphase II of meiosis.
- Meiosis commences with one diploid cell and ends with four haploid daughter cells.
Sexual Reproduction
- Involves two parents and the unification of gametes to produce offspring.
- In humans, gametes vary in size; the egg is significantly larger than sperm.
Genetic Variation
- Crossing over and independent assortment significantly enhance genetic variation among offspring.
- The environment does not directly increase genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms.
Gametes and Zygotes
- Gametes are reproductive cells crucial for sexual reproduction.
- Fertilization results in the formation of a diploid zygote.
- If a sperm cell contains eight chromosomes, its parent organism possesses 16 chromosomes.
Cell Division
- Meiosis is defined as a reductive division, as it reduces the chromosome number by half.
- Following meiosis, four daughter cells are formed, each genetically distinct from the parent.
Chromosome Distribution
- Independent assortment refers to the random distribution of homologous chromosomes during cell division.
- For crossing over to occur effectively, homologous chromosomes must pair up during synapsis.
Summary of Meiosis
- Overall, meiosis plays a vital role in sexual reproduction, ensuring genetic diversity through processes such as crossing over and independent assortment.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on meiosis with these flashcards that cover key concepts such as homologous chromosomes and crossing-over. Each card presents a question, helping reinforce your understanding of this essential biological process.
