18 Questions
What is the fundamental genetic building block in humans and all other life?
DNA
What is the result when an organism has one dominant gene and one recessive gene?
The dominant gene is expressed
What is the purpose of DNA replication?
To create new cells
What is unique about the structure of RNA compared to DNA?
RNA is single-stranded
What do the four molecules in DNA pair up as?
Adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine
How many copies of each gene do people typically have?
Two
What role does mRNA play in the process of protein synthesis?
It serves as a messenger between DNA and the ribosomes
What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?
It reads the code in mRNA and transfers the appropriate amino acids
What is the result of a mutation in a gene sequence?
A protein with the incorrect amino acid sequence
What is the relationship between chromosomes and genes?
Chromosomes are bundles of DNA, and genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins
What is the process of creating a strand of mRNA from DNA called?
Transcription
Who discovered the laws of heredity while studying pea plants?
Johann Gregor Mendel
What is the result of the two divisions of meiosis?
Four genetically different gametes
What is the function of a gene in DNA?
To code for a specific protein
What is the number of chromosomes in a human cell?
46 chromosomes
What is the purpose of heredity?
To pass on genetic information from parent to child
During which stage of meiosis do the chromosomes separate?
Telophase I
What is the purpose of DNA in chromosomes?
To carry the genetic code
Understand the different stages of meiosis, including prophase, telophase, and the separation of homologous chromosomes. Learn about the key differences between mitosis and meiosis.
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