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Meiosis in Sexually Reproducing Organisms

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Meiosis in Sexually Reproducing Organisms

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of meiosis in the life cycle of sexually reproducing organisms?

To ensure genetic diversity by increasing the number of chromosomes

To perpetuate the species through asexual reproduction

To repair DNA damage in germline cells

To produce somatic cells with a unique combination of genetic traits (correct)

Which of the following statements about meiosis is true?

Meiosis I is a replication division, resulting in daughter cells with twice the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Meiosis I is a reduction division, resulting in daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Meiosis II is a reduction division, resulting in daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell (correct)

Meiosis II is a replication division, resulting in daughter cells with twice the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

What is the significance of crossing over in meiosis?

It decreases the genetic diversity of the offspring

It increases the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells

It increases the chance of genetic mutations

It increases genetic diversity by shuffling the genetic material (correct)

Which of the following is a characteristic of meiosis?

<p>It produces four genetically unique daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the synaptonemal complex in meiosis?

<p>It facilitates the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Meiosis in Sexually Reproducing Organisms

The primary function of meiosis is to produce genetically diverse gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes, enabling sexual reproduction.

Characteristics of Meiosis

Meiosis involves two consecutive cell divisions (meiosis I and meiosis II) without an intervening round of DNA replication.
Crossing over, which occurs during prophase I of meiosis I, increases genetic diversity by exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes.

Significance of Crossing Over

Crossing over allows for the shuffling of genetic information, leading to increased genetic diversity among offspring.

Synaptonemal Complex

The synaptonemal complex is a protein structure that forms between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I, facilitating close alignment and crossing over.

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Description

This quiz covers the primary function of meiosis, its characteristics, and the significance of crossing over in the life cycle of sexually reproducing organisms.