15 Questions
During mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down in the prophase stage.
True
Mitosis results in the production of two daughter cells that are genetically different from the parent cell.
False
Cell division is a process that occurs independently of the cell cycle.
False
The functions of cell division include reproduction and overall growth and proliferation of the organism.
True
At the end of meiosis II, four identical, diploid daughter cells are formed.
False
Meiosis I leads to different genetic composition of the daughter cells due to the random arrangements of bivalents and crossing over.
True
In humans, each haploid daughter cell produced by meiosis has 46 chromosomes.
False
Each chromosome is composed of three sister chromatids.
False
Prophase I is the first stage of mitosis.
False
During the zygotene stage, homologous chromosomes begin to pair.
True
Recombination or crossing over takes place during the leptotene stage.
False
During meiosis II, the nuclear membrane initiates to form, and the spindle fibers appear again.
True
In Metaphase II, chromosomes do not replicate any further and begin migration towards the center of the cell.
True
During Anaphase II, the daughter chromosomes are pulled towards the same pole of the cells with the help of the spindle fibers.
False
Cytokinesis II involves the second cytoplasm division, resulting in the formation of two individual daughter cells.
True
Study Notes
Mitosis and Cell Division
- Mitosis results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells.
- Cell division is a process that occurs independently of the cell cycle.
- Functions of cell division include reproduction, growth, and proliferation of the organism.
Meiosis
- Meiosis I leads to different genetic composition of daughter cells due to random arrangements of bivalents and crossing over.
- At the end of meiosis II, four identical, diploid daughter cells are formed.
- In humans, each haploid daughter cell produced by meiosis has 23 chromosomes.
Prophase I and Meiosis I
- Prophase I is the first stage of meiosis.
- During the zygotene stage, homologous chromosomes begin to pair.
- Recombination or crossing over takes place during the leptotene stage.
Meiosis II
- During meiosis II, the nuclear membrane initiates to form, and the spindle fibers appear again.
- In Metaphase II, chromosomes do not replicate any further and begin migration towards the center of the cell.
- In Anaphase II, the daughter chromosomes are pulled towards the same pole of the cells with the help of the spindle fibers.
- Cytokinesis II involves the second cytoplasm division, resulting in the formation of two individual daughter cells.
Chromosome Structure
- Each chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids.
- Note: The text mentions three sister chromatids, but this is likely an error, as each chromosome typically has two sister chromatids.
Test your knowledge about the steps and results of Meiosis I and Meiosis II, including telophase I, cytokinesis I, and prophase II. Understand the formation of daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell in Meiosis I.
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