Podcast
Questions and Answers
How many chromosomes do most human cells have?
How many chromosomes do most human cells have?
46
What is a chromosome?
What is a chromosome?
a DNA molecule that contains genes
What are homologous chromosomes?
What are homologous chromosomes?
chromosomes with the same types of genes but not necessarily the same alleles; they have the same size and shape
What does it mean for a cell to be 'diploid'?
What does it mean for a cell to be 'diploid'?
What cells in your body are diploid?
What cells in your body are diploid?
What cells are haploid?
What cells are haploid?
What does 'N' and '2N' mean?
What does 'N' and '2N' mean?
What is another name for sex cells (sperm and egg)?
What is another name for sex cells (sperm and egg)?
What is the name of the process when a sperm and egg fuse?
What is the name of the process when a sperm and egg fuse?
In humans, how many chromosomes do gametes have?
In humans, how many chromosomes do gametes have?
Fusion of sperm and egg results in a zygote. How many chromosomes will the zygote have?
Fusion of sperm and egg results in a zygote. How many chromosomes will the zygote have?
What does meiosis make?
What does meiosis make?
How many daughter cells does meiosis create?
How many daughter cells does meiosis create?
Are the daughter cells at the end of meiosis haploid or diploid?
Are the daughter cells at the end of meiosis haploid or diploid?
What is crossing-over?
What is crossing-over?
When does crossing over occur?
When does crossing over occur?
Why is crossing-over important? (What does it increase?)
Why is crossing-over important? (What does it increase?)
Which one (meiosis I or meiosis II) separates homologous pairs?
Which one (meiosis I or meiosis II) separates homologous pairs?
Which one (meiosis I or meiosis II) separates sister chromatids?
Which one (meiosis I or meiosis II) separates sister chromatids?
During which phase do homologous pairs line up in the center of the cell?
During which phase do homologous pairs line up in the center of the cell?
During which phase are sister chromatids pulled to opposite ends of the cell?
During which phase are sister chromatids pulled to opposite ends of the cell?
When are the cells in meiosis first considered haploid?
When are the cells in meiosis first considered haploid?
How many parents are required for asexual reproduction?
How many parents are required for asexual reproduction?
Which form of reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent?
Which form of reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent?
Which form of reproduction is slow to produce the next generation?
Which form of reproduction is slow to produce the next generation?
Give an advantage of sexual reproduction.
Give an advantage of sexual reproduction.
What is a similarity between mitosis and meiosis?
What is a similarity between mitosis and meiosis?
When does the DNA replicate for meiosis?
When does the DNA replicate for meiosis?
What do genes do?
What do genes do?
Flashcards
Human Chromosome Number
Human Chromosome Number
Most human cells contain 46 chromosomes.
Chromosome Definition
Chromosome Definition
A DNA molecule containing genes.
Homologous Chromosomes
Homologous Chromosomes
Chromosomes with the same types of genes, same size and shape
Diploid cell
Diploid cell
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Diploid Cells in Humans
Diploid Cells in Humans
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Haploid
Haploid
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Haploid Cells
Haploid Cells
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N and 2N Meaning
N and 2N Meaning
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Sex Cells
Sex Cells
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Sperm and Egg Fusion
Sperm and Egg Fusion
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Chromosomes in Gametes
Chromosomes in Gametes
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Zygote Chromosome Number
Zygote Chromosome Number
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Meiosis Product
Meiosis Product
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Meiosis Daughter Cells
Meiosis Daughter Cells
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Meiosis Daughter Cells Ploidy
Meiosis Daughter Cells Ploidy
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Crossing-Over
Crossing-Over
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Crossing Over Timing
Crossing Over Timing
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Crossing-Over Importance
Crossing-Over Importance
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Homologous Pair Separation
Homologous Pair Separation
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Sister Chromatid Separation
Sister Chromatid Separation
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Homologous Pair Alignment
Homologous Pair Alignment
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Sister Chromatids Apart
Sister Chromatids Apart
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Haploid in Meiosis
Haploid in Meiosis
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Parents in Asexual Reproduction
Parents in Asexual Reproduction
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Parents in Sexual Reproduction
Parents in Sexual Reproduction
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Genetically Identical Offspring
Genetically Identical Offspring
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Slow Reproduction
Slow Reproduction
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Advantage of Sexual Reproduction
Advantage of Sexual Reproduction
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Advantage of Asexual Reproduction
Advantage of Asexual Reproduction
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Disadvantage of Sexual Reproduction
Disadvantage of Sexual Reproduction
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Disadvantage of Asexual Reproduction
Disadvantage of Asexual Reproduction
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Mitosis and Meiosis Similarity
Mitosis and Meiosis Similarity
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DNA Replication in Meiosis
DNA Replication in Meiosis
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Gene Function
Gene Function
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Study Notes
- Most human cells contain 46 chromosomes.
- A chromosome is a DNA molecule containing genes.
- Homologous chromosomes share the same types of genes but may have different alleles, and possess the same size and shape.
- A diploid cell has two sets of chromosomes (2N).
- Body (somatic) cells are diploid.
- A haploid cell has one set of chromosomes (N).
- Gametes (sperm and egg cells) are haploid.
- N and 2N refer to the number of sets of chromosomes, where 2N signifies two sets and N signifies one set.
- Sex cells (sperm and egg) are also known as gametes.
- Fertilization is the process when a sperm and egg fuse.
- Human gametes contain 23 chromosomes.
- The fusion of sperm and egg results in a zygote with 46 chromosomes.
- Meiosis produces gametes (sperm and egg cells).
- Meiosis creates 4 daughter cells.
- Daughter cells at the end of meiosis are haploid.
- Crossing-over is the exchange of DNA between homologous chromosomes.
- Crossing-over occurs during prophase 1.
- Crossing-over increases genetic variation.
- Meiosis 1 separates homologous pairs.
- Meiosis 2 separates sister chromatids.
- During metaphase 1, homologous pairs line up in the center of the cell.
- During anaphase 2, sister chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.
- Cells in meiosis are first considered haploid at the end of meiosis 1.
- Asexual reproduction requires 1 parent.
- Sexual reproduction requires 2 parents.
- Asexual reproduction produces offspring genetically identical to the parent.
- Sexual reproduction is slow to produce the next generation.
- Sexual reproduction allows organisms to adapt to a changing environment
- Asexual reproduction allows organisms to reproduce quickly.
- Asexual reproduction cannot quickly adapt to changes.
- Sexual reproduction requires a long time.
- Mitosis and meiosis are both types of cell division.
- DNA replicates for meiosis during interphase.
- Genes control the traits of an organism.
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