Biology Genetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of asexual reproduction?

  • Fragmentation
  • Meiosis (correct)
  • Mitosis
  • Binary Fission

    • What is the result of meiosis?

  • Two daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
  • Four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell (correct)
  • Two daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
  • Four daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell

    • What is the term for the collection of all an individual's chromosomes?

  • Genome
  • Gene pool
  • Phenotype
  • Karyotype (correct)

    • What is the significance of homologous pairs of chromosomes?

    <p>They ensure that each offspring receives one copy of every gene from each parent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do chromosomes in a homologous pair differ from each other?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does meiosis typically occur in humans?

    <p>Sex organs (ovaries and testes)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is genetic variation important?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the cell that results from the fusion of an egg and sperm?

    <p>Zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a threat to biodiversity?

    <p>Climate Change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of allele is masked by a dominant allele?

    <p>Recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a monohybrid cross, what does the term "F1" represent?

    <p>The first filial generation, or the offspring of the parental generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the genetic makeup of an individual?

    <p>Genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following genotypes represents a homozygous recessive trait?

    <p>tt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a genetic cross involving a single pair of genes (one trait)?

    <p>Monohybrid cross</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the law of segregation?

    <p>Each parent has two alleles for every gene, and passes one of those at random to their offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios would result in a recessive trait being expressed?

    <p>An individual inherits two recessive alleles for the trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the expression of a gene in an individual, such as their physical appearance?

    <p>Phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prompted Darwin to finally publish his research on evolution?

    <p>He received a letter from Alfred Russel Wallace which outlined similar ideas about evolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary concept does the term "descent with modification" encompass?

    <p>The branching of species from a common ancestor with accumulated changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of adaptations in Darwin's theory?

    <p>Adaptations are inherited traits that enhance an organism's chances of survival and reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Darwin's observation of the 13 different finch species in the Galapagos?

    <p>It provided evidence for the diversity of life and the role of environmental adaptation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental difference between natural selection and artificial selection?

    <p>Natural selection favors traits that are beneficial for the environment, while artificial selection favors traits that are beneficial for humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for pollination that occurs between flowers of two different plants?

    <p>Cross-pollination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to traits during self-pollination of true-breeding plants?

    <p>Offspring always have traits that match the parent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Mendel notice about the traits of the offspring when he cross-pollinated true-breeding purple and white plants?

    <p>All offspring were purple.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Mendel's second generation crosses, what trait reappeared that had disappeared in the first generation?

    <p>White flower traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon did Mendel conclude from the crosses between hybrid purple and white flowers?

    <p>There is a 3:1 ratio of purple to white in the offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are alleles?

    <p>Different forms of a gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the genetic factors Mendel proposed?

    <p>Each organism contributes one genetic factor for each trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Mendel remove the anthers from the plants before cross-pollination?

    <p>To avoid self-pollination and control the process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genotypes can result from a heterozygous A type blood individual mating with a heterozygous B type blood individual?

    <p>AB, AO, BO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following traits is an example of a polygenic trait in humans?

    <p>Height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do the genes affecting melanin production have in determining human traits?

    <p>They control the degree of pigmentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one characteristic that distinguishes the X chromosome from the Y chromosome?

    <p>The X chromosome has more DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the inheritance pattern of color deficiency conditions explained?

    <p>They are often associated with alleles present only on the X chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome results from a combination of dominant and recessive alleles in polygenic traits?

    <p>An intermediate phenotype is likely expressed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about sex chromosomes is true?

    <p>X chromosome carries genes for various traits, not just sex determination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these traits are not influenced by incomplete dominance inheritance patterns in humans?

    <p>Blood type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Biology Exam Review

    • This document is a review for a biology exam covering topics from different biology lessons
    • The exam will cover: Diversity of Living Things, Genetics, Evolution, and Animal Systems.
    • Lesson ranges from 1-8 for Genetics, 1-6 for Evolution, 1-4 for Diversity of Living Things, and 1-4 for Animal systems.

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    Biology Exam Review PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge of key genetics concepts such as asexual reproduction, meiosis, and genetic variations. This quiz covers fundamental principles including homologous chromosomes, allele interactions, and definitions of genetic terms. Perfect for students in high school biology classes.

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