Meiosis and Chromosomal Abnormalities
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Questions and Answers

During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur between maternal and paternal chromosomes?

  • Zygotene
  • Anaphase I
  • Diplotene
  • Pachytene (correct)
  • What type of recombination refers to the introduction of foreign DNA into mammalian cells?

  • General recombination
  • Transfection (correct)
  • Gene conversion
  • Transformation
  • What can failure to keep homologous chromosomes together prior to anaphase I lead to?

  • Normal chromosome numbers
  • Reduced exchange between homologous chromosomes
  • Aberrant numbers of chromosomes (correct)
  • Increased number of chiasmata
  • In which process does the centromeres of maternal and paternal chromosomes separate, but the chromosomes are held together at chiasmata?

    <p>Diplotene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of meiosis involves the separation of homologous chromosomes into separate cells?

    <p>Anaphase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of recombination during meiosis?

    <p>Greater variety in offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which model describes the process of recombination during meiosis involving steps such as pairing, single strand invasion, and branch migration?

    <p>Holliday model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at the pachytene stage of meiosis I?

    <p>Cross-overs between homologous chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the biological role of recombination?

    <p>Generating new gene/allele combinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of recombination occurs between DNA molecules of very similar sequence, such as homologous chromosomes in diploid organisms?

    <p>General or homologous recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What practical use of recombination involves making transgenic cells and organisms?

    <p>Making transgenic cells and organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of recombination occurs in regions where no large scale sequence similarity is apparent, e.g. translocations between different chromosomes?

    <p>Illegitimate or nonhomologous recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a Holliday Junction be resolved?

    <p>By horizontal resolution, where the junction is nicked in the same strands that were initially nicked</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of vertical resolution of a Holliday Junction?

    <p>Recombination of flanking markers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the transposase enzyme in site-specific recombination?

    <p>Cutting out mobile genetic elements and inserting them into specific sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of conservative site-specific recombination?

    <p>Modest target site selectivity and insertion of mobile genetic elements into many sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

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