Meiosis and Chromosomal Abnormalities

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During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur between maternal and paternal chromosomes?

Zygotene

Anaphase I

Diplotene

Pachytene (correct)

What type of recombination refers to the introduction of foreign DNA into mammalian cells?

General recombination

Transfection (correct)

Gene conversion

Transformation

What can failure to keep homologous chromosomes together prior to anaphase I lead to?

Normal chromosome numbers

Reduced exchange between homologous chromosomes

Aberrant numbers of chromosomes (correct)

Increased number of chiasmata

In which process does the centromeres of maternal and paternal chromosomes separate, but the chromosomes are held together at chiasmata?

Diplotene Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of meiosis involves the separation of homologous chromosomes into separate cells?

Anaphase I Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of recombination during meiosis?

Greater variety in offspring Signup and view all the answers

Which model describes the process of recombination during meiosis involving steps such as pairing, single strand invasion, and branch migration?

Holliday model Signup and view all the answers

What happens at the pachytene stage of meiosis I?

Cross-overs between homologous chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological role of recombination?

Generating new gene/allele combinations Signup and view all the answers

What type of recombination occurs between DNA molecules of very similar sequence, such as homologous chromosomes in diploid organisms?

General or homologous recombination Signup and view all the answers

What practical use of recombination involves making transgenic cells and organisms?

Making transgenic cells and organisms Signup and view all the answers

What type of recombination occurs in regions where no large scale sequence similarity is apparent, e.g. translocations between different chromosomes?

Illegitimate or nonhomologous recombination Signup and view all the answers

How can a Holliday Junction be resolved?

By horizontal resolution, where the junction is nicked in the same strands that were initially nicked Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of vertical resolution of a Holliday Junction?

Recombination of flanking markers Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the transposase enzyme in site-specific recombination?

Cutting out mobile genetic elements and inserting them into specific sites Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of conservative site-specific recombination?

Modest target site selectivity and insertion of mobile genetic elements into many sites Signup and view all the answers

Meiosis and Chromosomal Abnormalities

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