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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a quality of an effective official?
Which of the following is NOT a quality of an effective official?
What is the first step in the first aid treatment for minor wounds?
What is the first step in the first aid treatment for minor wounds?
Which type of wound is caused by tearing of soft body tissue?
Which type of wound is caused by tearing of soft body tissue?
During heavy exercise in hot conditions, which condition may occur?
During heavy exercise in hot conditions, which condition may occur?
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What attire is proper for officials during a game?
What attire is proper for officials during a game?
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What term refers to the sacred song without accompaniment in the Western Roman Catholic Church during the Medieval era?
What term refers to the sacred song without accompaniment in the Western Roman Catholic Church during the Medieval era?
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Who is known as the most famous composer from the Roman School of Musical Composition during the Renaissance?
Who is known as the most famous composer from the Roman School of Musical Composition during the Renaissance?
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What is the primary focus of Troubadour music?
What is the primary focus of Troubadour music?
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Which of the following describes the Madrigal from the Renaissance period?
Which of the following describes the Madrigal from the Renaissance period?
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What is the meaning of the term 'Barroco' in Portuguese?
What is the meaning of the term 'Barroco' in Portuguese?
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Which musical form is an important element of instrumental music during the Baroque period?
Which musical form is an important element of instrumental music during the Baroque period?
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Who was Adam De La Halle known as during his lifetime?
Who was Adam De La Halle known as during his lifetime?
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Which of the following statements about the Oratorio is true?
Which of the following statements about the Oratorio is true?
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What is a cantata characterized by?
What is a cantata characterized by?
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Which cave is known as 'The Sistine Chapel of Paleolithic Art'?
Which cave is known as 'The Sistine Chapel of Paleolithic Art'?
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Which Egyptian structure is noted as the largest and oldest of its kind?
Which Egyptian structure is noted as the largest and oldest of its kind?
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During which period did Greek sculptors focus on the ideal proportions of humans?
During which period did Greek sculptors focus on the ideal proportions of humans?
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Which of the following features a lion's body and a pharaoh's face?
Which of the following features a lion's body and a pharaoh's face?
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What is a key responsibility of a referee in sports officiating?
What is a key responsibility of a referee in sports officiating?
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Which characteristic is unique to the Hellenistic Period in Greek art?
Which characteristic is unique to the Hellenistic Period in Greek art?
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What notable feature does the Lighthouse of Alexandria have?
What notable feature does the Lighthouse of Alexandria have?
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Study Notes
Music of the Medieval Era
- Western music composed during the Middle Ages is referred to as Medieval Music.
- This era spanned from the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th Century to the early 15th Century.
Gregorian Chant
- The principal form of Western plainchant.
- A monophonic, sacred song performed without accompaniment by the Western Roman Catholic Church
Liturgical Drama
- A European tradition that emerged during the early Middle Ages.
- Christian stories are presented in a Roman dramatic style.
- Performed by traveling musicians and actors.
Troubadour Music
- Troubadours were poets who composed and performed lyric poetry during the Middle Ages.
- The term "troubadour" refers to a male poet, while "trobairitz" denotes a female poet.
- Their work often centered around themes of chivalry and courtly love.
- They were accompanied by musical instruments and performed their songs professionally.
Adam De La Halle
- Also known as Adam le Bossu or Adam the Hunchback.
- Born around 1237 and died around 1288-1306.
- A French trouvère who was a poet and musician.
Music of the Renaissance
- Renaissance is a French word meaning "rebirth".
- It was a significant period in music history, marking the transition to the modern world of music.
- Known as the Golden Age of Vocal Polyphony.
Madrigal
- A musical form of the Renaissance era characterized by its fluidity and motion.
Composers of Renaissance Music
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Giovanni Pierluigi Da Palestrina
- Born between February 1525-1526 in Palestrina, Italy.
- One of the most renowned composers of the Renaissance.
- A prominent figure of the Roman School of Musical Composition.
- Had a significant influence on the development of Roman Catholic music.
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Thomas Morley
- Born in 1557 and died around 1602-1608 after a long illness.
- A composer, organist, and theorist.
- A leading English exponent of the Italian madrigal tradition.
Music of the Baroque Era
- Spanned from 1685 - 1750.
- "Barroco" is a Portuguese word meaning "pearl that is regularly shaped."
- Characterized by the use of instrumental and secular music.
- Prominent composers of this period:
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Johann Sebastian Bach:
- Known as the "Father of German Cantata".
- The most celebrated German composer of his time.
- An accomplished organist.
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George Friederic Handel:
- Renowned for his oratorios.
- Born in Halle, Germany.
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Johann Sebastian Bach:
Concerto Grosso
- A notable form of instrumental music during the Baroque Period.
Oratorio
- A grand musical composition featuring a choir, orchestra, and soloists.
- There is no interaction between characters, props, or costumes.
- A concert piece.
Cantata
- A sacred or secular narrative song with instrumental accompaniment.
Ancient Art
-
Cave Paintings:
- The earliest records of human activity, also known as "Old Stone Age".
-
Cave Altamira:
- The first cave paintings were discovered in Altamira, Spain, in 1879.
- Often referred to as the "Sistine Chapel of Paleolithic Art".
- Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.
-
Cave Lascaux:
- Found in Southern France and discovered in 1940.
- Contains seven chambers with intricate paintings.
-
Cave Chauvet:
- Located in France.
- Home to some of the most important preserved cave paintings from the Paleolithic era.
Egyptian Art
- Encompasses the buildings, sculptures, paintings, and decorative arts of ancient Egypt.
Egyptian Pyramids
- The world's largest and oldest tombs and burial places.
- The Pyramids of Giza stand as the grandest monuments of the Egyptian Old Kingdom.
- The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the largest and oldest, measuring 481 feet high and 775 feet long.
The Sphinx
- A monumental statue with the body of a lion and the face of a pharaoh.
- It measures 24 feet long and 65 feet high.
The Lighthouse of Alexandria
- Took 20 years to build.
- Stood at a height of 384 feet.
Classical Art
-
Greek Art:
- Includes architecture, paintings, sculptures, and decorative arts:
- Archaic Period:
- Sculptors crafted large, rigid, free-standing figures.
- Examples include the standing kouros (male nude figure), the standing kore (clothed female figure), and the seated woman. - Classical Period:
- Considered the "Golden Age" of Greece.
- Emphasis was placed on ideal human proportions. - Hellenistic Period:
- Sculptors focused on depicting emotions and human proportions rather than purely aesthetic beauty.
- Subjects included common people, women, children, animals, etc.
- Includes architecture, paintings, sculptures, and decorative arts:
- Archaic Period:
-
Greek Architecture:
- Parthenon: a renowned Greek temple.
Sports Officiating
- A field that teaches students to focus and be fully present.
Line Judge/Linesman
- A sports official responsible for determining if there are line faults.
Scorer
- A sports official who keeps track of points earned in a game.
Referee/Umpire
- The main sport official who oversees the game and ensures it follows the rules.
Table Officials
- Record the line-ups and results of a game.
Qualities of an Effective Official
-
Punctuality:
- Arriving earlier than the scheduled time.
-
Proper Attire:
- Officials wear dark pants, white collared t-shirts, and rubber shoes.
-
Personal Equipment:
- Having a whistle and stopwatch.
-
Updated Rulebook:
- Having an easily accessible rulebook for quick references.
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Knowing Your Role:
- Successfully executing specific duties.
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Firm and Decisive:
- The referee's decision is final.
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Complete Control and Authority:
- Officials should remain unaffected by hecklers.
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Basic First Aid Knowledge:
- It is important for officials to be able to administer first aid in case of emergencies.
Common Sports Injuries and First Aid Treatment
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Open Wounds:
- Abrasion: A superficial wound that scrapes away the skin.
- Laceration: A deep cut or tear in the skin.
- Incision: A clean cut caused by a sharp object.
- Puncture: A wound created by a pointed object.
- Avulsion: A wound where the skin is torn or separated from the underlying tissue.
First Aid for Minor Wounds
- Control the bleeding.
- Wash with soap and water or an antiseptic solution.
- Apply a dressing such as a gauze bandage.
- Secure the dressing with medical tape.
- Wash your hands immediately.
Contusion or Bruise
- A direct blow to the body.
Sprain
- An injury to the ligaments that connect two bones together.
Strain
- An injury to a muscle or tendon.
Heat Cramps
- Muscle cramps that occur during strenuous exercise in hot environments.
Heat Exhaustion
- A condition caused by the body overheating.
Asthma Attack
- A condition where the airways become swollen and inflamed.
Fainting
- A brief loss of consciousness.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of Medieval Music, which covers various forms including Gregorian Chant, Liturgical Drama, and Troubadour compositions. This quiz delves into the history, characteristics, and notable figures of music from the Middle Ages.
