History keywords 5.1tm5.3 /6.2 en 6.4

People who moved to deserted places to devote their lives to God.

Christian thinkers who studied and explained the Christian scriptures.

Male inhabitants of a monastery who pray, sing, and work together.

Female inhabitants of a monastery who devote their lives to God; also called abbeys.

Buildings used by people who devote their lives to God; also called abbeys.

To adopt a new religion.

Someone who goes on a mission to new places to spread his or her religion

Missionary who spread the Christian Faith in Northwest Europe.

People who do not believe in the Christian God.

Pieces that are perceived to be the remains or belongings of saints and martyrs.

Nomadic tribes that lived in Arabia.

The prophet and, according to Muslims, messenger of Allah, who laid the foundations for Islam.

Visions or other forms of communications.

The holy book of Islam.

Medieval government system based on the bond between a lord and his vassal.

Period in which the Germanic tribes moved into the Western Roman Empire (c. 375-600).

Most powerful of the Germanic tribes after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire

Medieval word for rulers, such as kings.

Follower of a lord with special rights.

Culture in which fights and battles are ways to achieve honour and power.

First Frankish king who united all Franks.

A ritual through which someone becomes Christian.

King of the Franks; he united most of Western Europe into one empire.

The land a lord lent to a vassal.

To swear loyalty.

Vassals who became military specialists.

Fortified structures, often surrounded by a deep moat.

System in which lords provided security to their serfs in return for their services.

Large piece of adjoining land.

Farmers who depended entirely on their lord and were not allowed to leave the manor.

Services that a farmer had to perform for their lord.

When people are able to produce everything they need themselves.

When people from the countryside move into cities

Cooperation between traders or people of the same craft

Rights that gave cities some degree of self-government

Special rights, often obtained by nobles or cities

A powerful network of trading cities in Northern Europe

Wide ship with a flat bottom, used by trading cities in the Hanseatic League

Free people who lived in cities

Member of a group of people who governed cities in the Middle Ages

Head of schepenen, appointed by a landlord

Someone who claims to be the pope intended to replace the regularly elected pope

Sale of church offices

A Turkish Muslim tribe

Leader of a Muslim tribe

Jerusalem and its surroundings

Split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of the Eastern Orthodox