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Questions and Answers
Which classification method organizes medicinal plants based on plant organs such as leaves and roots?
Which classification method organizes medicinal plants based on plant organs such as leaves and roots?
What is the primary focus of pharmacognosy as a field of study?
What is the primary focus of pharmacognosy as a field of study?
Which of the following terms refers to unprocessed plant or animal material used for therapeutic purposes?
Which of the following terms refers to unprocessed plant or animal material used for therapeutic purposes?
Which classification method is least likely to provide information about the active constituents present in medicinal plants?
Which classification method is least likely to provide information about the active constituents present in medicinal plants?
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In pharmacological classification, drugs are arranged based on their:
In pharmacological classification, drugs are arranged based on their:
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What is the meaning of the term 'pharmacon' in the Greek root of pharmacognosy?
What is the meaning of the term 'pharmacon' in the Greek root of pharmacognosy?
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Which category of medicinal plants includes dried latex and resins?
Which category of medicinal plants includes dried latex and resins?
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Which aspect of biological origin indicates the source of a drug?
Which aspect of biological origin indicates the source of a drug?
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What is indicated by the first word in a plant's binomial name?
What is indicated by the first word in a plant's binomial name?
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How should the species name in a binomial system be formatted?
How should the species name in a binomial system be formatted?
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Which of the following best defines 'indigenous' in reference to plants?
Which of the following best defines 'indigenous' in reference to plants?
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What distinguishes official drugs from unofficial drugs?
What distinguishes official drugs from unofficial drugs?
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What role does climate play in the characteristics of active constituents in plants?
What role does climate play in the characteristics of active constituents in plants?
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Study Notes
Botany
- The scientific study of plant life.
- Plants are classified as medicinal plants when they have a therapeutic or curative effect.
- Medicinal plants may also be called herbal medicinal plants, herbal remedies, herbal drugs, or herbs.
Pharmacognosy
- The study of natural substances, mainly plants, that have medicinal uses.
- The word "Pharmacognosy" comes from the Greek words "pharmacon" (drug) and "gnosis" (knowledge).
- Pharmacognosy studies the scientific basis for the use of plants in pharmacy.
Crude Drugs
- Plant or animal material before extensive processing or modification.
- Crude drugs are used as therapeutic agents.
- Can be derived from plants, animals, or minerals.
Medicinal Plant Classification
- Different classification methods make studying medicinal plants easier.
- Classification methods include alphabetical, taxonomical, morphological, chemical, and pharmacological.
Alphabetical
- Medicinal plants are arranged based on their Latin or English names.
- Used for dictionaries, pharmacopoeias, etc.
Taxonomical
- Medicinal plants are arranged according to accepted botanical classification systems.
- Plants are classified into classes, orders, families, genera, and species.
Morphological
- Organized drugs: Medicinal plants are divided based on plant organs like leaves, flowers, herbs, roots, fruits, and seeds.
- Unorganized drugs: Include plant products like dried latex, extracts, gums, resins, oils, and waxes.
Chemical
- Medicinal plants are arranged based on their main active constituents, such as alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, and volatile oils.
Pharmacological or Therapeutical
- Herbal drugs are classified based on their therapeutic uses.
- Examples include drugs affecting the gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney, and nervous system.
Origin of Drugs
- Biological origin: The plant or animal from which the drug is obtained.
- Indicates the plant name and family.
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Binomial system: Devised by Linnaeus to give each plant a two-word name.
- The first word is the genus name (capitalized).
- The second word is the species name (lowercase).
- Example: Atropa belladonna, Fam.Solanaceae
- Commercial origin: Refers to the source from which the drug is commercially obtained, like a particular country or region.
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Geographical origin: The region where the plant grows.
- Indigenous: Plants growing in their native countries.
- Exotic: Plants growing in a country other than their native home.
- Climate impacts active constituents.
Official and Unofficial Drugs
- Official drugs: Listed in government-recognized books like the Egyptian Pharmacopeia.
- Unofficial drugs: Not listed in government-recognized books.
- Pharmacopoeia: A government book containing official drug listings, effects, and directions for use.
- Drugs not listed in the pharmacopoeia are considered unofficial.
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Description
This quiz explores the fascinating world of medicinal plants and their classification. You'll learn about the scientific study of plant life, the role of pharmacognosy, and the significance of crude drugs in therapy. Test your knowledge on the various methods used to categorize these valuable natural resources.
