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Questions and Answers
What is the relationship between kilograms and pounds in terms of weight conversion?
What is the relationship between kilograms and pounds in terms of weight conversion?
Why is it important to calculate drug dosages based on a patient's weight in kilograms?
Why is it important to calculate drug dosages based on a patient's weight in kilograms?
How do you convert grams to milligrams?
How do you convert grams to milligrams?
In converting milligrams to micrograms, what mathematical operation is performed?
In converting milligrams to micrograms, what mathematical operation is performed?
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What is the purpose of using a common conversion analogy like changing dollars to coins?
What is the purpose of using a common conversion analogy like changing dollars to coins?
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How many milligrams are in 1 gram?
How many milligrams are in 1 gram?
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What is the equivalent of 0.25 grams in milligrams?
What is the equivalent of 0.25 grams in milligrams?
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If 1 mg equals how many micrograms?
If 1 mg equals how many micrograms?
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How many milliliters should be administered if a dosage of 25 mg is required and the prefilled syringe reads 50 mg/mL?
How many milliliters should be administered if a dosage of 25 mg is required and the prefilled syringe reads 50 mg/mL?
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What is the conversion of 800,000 micrograms to milligrams?
What is the conversion of 800,000 micrograms to milligrams?
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How many milliliters are in 2,500 mg when the concentration is 50 mg/mL?
How many milliliters are in 2,500 mg when the concentration is 50 mg/mL?
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Convert 500 micrograms to milligrams.
Convert 500 micrograms to milligrams.
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Which of the following represents the proper conversion of 2 grams to milligrams?
Which of the following represents the proper conversion of 2 grams to milligrams?
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What was the first system of measurement used for drugs?
What was the first system of measurement used for drugs?
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Which of the following is a component of the metric system used in drug measurement?
Which of the following is a component of the metric system used in drug measurement?
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Which prefix indicates a factor of 1/1,000 in the metric system?
Which prefix indicates a factor of 1/1,000 in the metric system?
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How is a milliliter related to a liter in volume measurement?
How is a milliliter related to a liter in volume measurement?
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What is the primary concern with failing to understand unit conversions in medication dosage?
What is the primary concern with failing to understand unit conversions in medication dosage?
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What is the relationship between milliliters (mL) and cubic centimeters (cc)?
What is the relationship between milliliters (mL) and cubic centimeters (cc)?
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If you receive an order to administer 2 cc of a medication, what is the corresponding order in milliliters?
If you receive an order to administer 2 cc of a medication, what is the corresponding order in milliliters?
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Which of the following best describes the metric system?
Which of the following best describes the metric system?
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How many milliliters should you administer for epinephrine (Adrenalin) if it is supplied as 1 mg/mL?
How many milliliters should you administer for epinephrine (Adrenalin) if it is supplied as 1 mg/mL?
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If furosemide is supplied at a concentration of 40 mg/5 mL, how many milliliters should you administer to deliver 20 mg?
If furosemide is supplied at a concentration of 40 mg/5 mL, how many milliliters should you administer to deliver 20 mg?
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What volume should you administer of atropine sulfate if the prefilled syringe reads 1 mg/10 mL for a dose of 0.5 mg?
What volume should you administer of atropine sulfate if the prefilled syringe reads 1 mg/10 mL for a dose of 0.5 mg?
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How many milliliters should you administer of verapamil (Isoptin) if it is supplied as 5 mg/2 mL?
How many milliliters should you administer of verapamil (Isoptin) if it is supplied as 5 mg/2 mL?
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If you are administering adenosine 12 mg and the syringe reads 6 mg/2 mL, how many milliliters will you administer?
If you are administering adenosine 12 mg and the syringe reads 6 mg/2 mL, how many milliliters will you administer?
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How many drops per minute should you administer to deliver 60 mL of fluid over 10 minutes using a microdrip IV set that delivers 60 gk/mL?
How many drops per minute should you administer to deliver 60 mL of fluid over 10 minutes using a microdrip IV set that delivers 60 gk/mL?
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For a fluid challenge of 120 mL of Ringer’s lactate over 20 minutes with an IV infusion set that delivers 20 gk/mL, what is the rate in drops per minute?
For a fluid challenge of 120 mL of Ringer’s lactate over 20 minutes with an IV infusion set that delivers 20 gk/mL, what is the rate in drops per minute?
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What is the blood pressure reading of the patient in the case study?
What is the blood pressure reading of the patient in the case study?
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What is the drip rate in drops per minute for administering 150 mL of normal saline over 30 minutes with an IV infusion set delivering 10 gk/mL?
What is the drip rate in drops per minute for administering 150 mL of normal saline over 30 minutes with an IV infusion set delivering 10 gk/mL?
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If administering 300 mL of Ringer’s lactate over 30 minutes with a 10 gk/mL IV set, how many drops should be delivered per minute?
If administering 300 mL of Ringer’s lactate over 30 minutes with a 10 gk/mL IV set, how many drops should be delivered per minute?
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How many drops per minute are needed to infuse 1,000 mL of normal saline over 5 hours using a macrodrip set delivering 15 gk/mL?
How many drops per minute are needed to infuse 1,000 mL of normal saline over 5 hours using a macrodrip set delivering 15 gk/mL?
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To administer 20 mg/min of procainamide via a peripheral IV line delivering 60 gk/mL, how many drops per minute should be run?
To administer 20 mg/min of procainamide via a peripheral IV line delivering 60 gk/mL, how many drops per minute should be run?
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What is the drip rate in drops per minute for an epinephrine infusion at 4 mcg/min using a 250 mL bag with a microdrip set delivering 60 gk/mL?
What is the drip rate in drops per minute for an epinephrine infusion at 4 mcg/min using a 250 mL bag with a microdrip set delivering 60 gk/mL?
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For a procainamide infusion prepared by adding 1 g to 250 mL of normal saline at a rate of 3 mg/min, how many drops per minute are needed using a microdrip IV set?
For a procainamide infusion prepared by adding 1 g to 250 mL of normal saline at a rate of 3 mg/min, how many drops per minute are needed using a microdrip IV set?
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What is the drug concentration for an epinephrine infusion of 2 mcg/min prepared in a 500 mL normal saline bag?
What is the drug concentration for an epinephrine infusion of 2 mcg/min prepared in a 500 mL normal saline bag?
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If a patient requires a 60 gk/mL IV set for drip rates, which infusion of procainamide correctly matches the required delivery?
If a patient requires a 60 gk/mL IV set for drip rates, which infusion of procainamide correctly matches the required delivery?
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Study Notes
Medication Math Module 4
- Medication calculations use different measurement systems.
- The apothecary system, now less common, used grains for weight measurements and minims for volumes.
- The metric system, commonly used now, is based on a basic unit and its multiples/submultiples of 10.
- The metric system's base units for weight, length, and volume are gram (g), meter (m), and liter (L), respectively.
- Prefixes like kilo, centi, milli, and micro, are used to denote multiples or smaller parts of these units.
- Converting units is critical to avoid medication errors.
- Most intravenous (IV) medications are supplied as solutions with concentrations expressed as mg/mL.
- Drug dosages are often determined based on a patient's weight (kg or lb).
Systems of Measurement
- Apothecary system was the first measurement system for drugs.
- Weights in the apothecary system were measured in grains.
- Measurements for length included inches, yards, and miles.
- Volumes were measured in minims.
- The metric system replaced the apothecary system.
- The metric system is preferred for drug measurement due to its logical organization and use of multiples of 10.
- It aligns with the U.S. monetary system.
Millimeters and Cubic Centimeters
- Milliliters (mL) and cubic centimeters (cc) are comparable units of volume.
- A milliliter is 1/1000 of a liter.
- A cubic centimeter is based on the centimeter, a unit of length, equal to 1/100 of a meter.
- 1 milliliter is equal to 1 cubic centimeter (cc)
- These units are frequently used interchangeably.
Kilograms and Pounds
- Kilograms (kg) and pounds (lb) are used to measure weight, particularly for pediatric patients and calculating drug dosages tailored to a patient's weight.
- The conversion factor is 1 kg = 2.2 lb.
- To convert pounds to kilograms, divide the weight in pounds by 2.2. (e.g., 154 lb ÷ 2.2 lb/kg = 70 kg)
Milligrams, Micrograms, and Grams
- Converting between milligrams (mg), micrograms (mcg), and grams (g) is crucial.
- 1 g = 1,000 mg
- 1 mg = 1,000 mcg
- To convert grams to milligrams multiply by 1000.
- To convert milligrams to micrograms, multiply by 1000.
Conversions
- Accurate conversions between units are essential to administer the correct dose of medication to a patient.
- Incorrect conversions can lead to medication errors like overdosing or underdosing.
- IV drugs are often expressed as a concentration (mg/mL).
- Drug dosages can be based on patient weight (kg or lb), influencing the calculation for safe administration.
Formulas
- Formulas are used to solve drug problems and determine medication dosages.
- Formulas are used in conjunction with unit conversions.
- Common examples include IV bolus, IV push, and drip infusions.
Practice Problems
- Demonstrate conversions between grams, milligrams, and micrograms.
- Illustrate examples on calculating dosages based on the patient's weight and the correct unit conversions.
- Focus on applying the formulas to determine the appropriate amount of medication (in mL).
- Apply the formula for calculations and conversions based on various types of medication infusion and administration.
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Description
Test your knowledge on medication calculations and measurement systems with this quiz. Explore the apothecary and metric systems, learn about unit conversions, and understand how drug dosages are determined based on patient weight.
