Podcast
Questions and Answers
Elixirs are clear, sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions intended for oral use and are usually flavored to enhance their ______.
Elixirs are clear, sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions intended for oral use and are usually flavored to enhance their ______.
palatability
Medicated elixirs are used for the therapeutic effect of the medicinal ______ they contain.
Medicated elixirs are used for the therapeutic effect of the medicinal ______ they contain.
substances
The proportion of ______ in elixirs varies widely because the individual components have different solubility characteristics.
The proportion of ______ in elixirs varies widely because the individual components have different solubility characteristics.
alcohol
Elixirs containing agents with poor water solubility require a greater proportion of ______ for solution.
Elixirs containing agents with poor water solubility require a greater proportion of ______ for solution.
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All elixirs contain flavorings to increase their ______.
All elixirs contain flavorings to increase their ______.
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Elixirs containing more than 10% to 12% of alcohol are usually ______ and do not require addition of an antimicrobial agent.
Elixirs containing more than 10% to 12% of alcohol are usually ______ and do not require addition of an antimicrobial agent.
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One advantage of elixirs over their counterpart solid dosage forms is the flexibility of ______.
One advantage of elixirs over their counterpart solid dosage forms is the flexibility of ______.
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Elixirs should be stored in tight, light-resistant containers and protected from excessive ______.
Elixirs should be stored in tight, light-resistant containers and protected from excessive ______.
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Elixirs are usually prepared by a simple ______ with agitation.
Elixirs are usually prepared by a simple ______ with agitation.
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Alcohol-soluble and ______-soluble components are generally dissolved separately.
Alcohol-soluble and ______-soluble components are generally dissolved separately.
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The aqueous solution is added to the ______ solution to maintain the highest possible alcoholic strength.
The aqueous solution is added to the ______ solution to maintain the highest possible alcoholic strength.
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Most official and commercial elixirs contain a single ______ agent.
Most official and commercial elixirs contain a single ______ agent.
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The average single dose of the medicinal substances is listed in the ______.
The average single dose of the medicinal substances is listed in the ______.
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Non medicated elixirs involve the addition of a therapeutic agent to a pleasant-tasting ______.
Non medicated elixirs involve the addition of a therapeutic agent to a pleasant-tasting ______.
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Many elixirs not recognized by the USP or NF are sold under ______ names.
Many elixirs not recognized by the USP or NF are sold under ______ names.
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An example of an elixir containing only water as a solvent is ______ pepsin elixir.
An example of an elixir containing only water as a solvent is ______ pepsin elixir.
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Study Notes
Elixirs
- Clear, sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions for oral use
- Usually flavored for palatability
- Can be medicated or non-medicated
Medicated Elixirs
- Used for therapeutic effect of the medicinal substances they contain
- Contain 4-40% alcohol
Non-Medicated Elixirs
- Employed as vehicles
- Used for:
- Addition of a therapeutic agent to a pleasant-tasting vehicle
- Dilution of an existing medicated elixir
Elixir Composition
- Specific blends of alcohol and water are required to maintain all components in solution
- Proportion of alcohol varies based on water and alcohol solubility of components
- Greater proportion of alcohol needed for components with poor water solubility
- Solvents such as glycerin and propylene glycol are frequently used as adjunctive solvents
- Sweetened with sucrose, sorbitol, glycerin or artificial sweeteners
- High alcoholic content elixirs typically use artificial sweeteners due to sucrose's poor solubility in alcohol
- All elixirs contain flavorings
- Most elixirs have coloring agents
- High alcoholic content elixirs (over 10-12%) are usually self-preserving
- Elixirs are usually prepared by simple solution with agitation or by admixture of liquid ingredients
- Alcohol-soluble and water-soluble components are dissolved separately in alcohol and purified water, respectively
- Aqueous solution is added to the alcoholic solution to maintain the highest possible alcoholic strength
Elixir Dosage
- Typical adult dose: 1-2 teaspoonfuls (5-10 mL)
- Offers flexibility in dosage administration
Elixir Advantages
- Ease of dosage administration to patients with difficulty swallowing
Elixir Disadvantages
- Alcoholic content
- Not suitable for children or individuals avoiding alcohol
Elixir Storage
- Tight, light-resistant containers
- Protected from excessive heat
Official Elixirs
- Contain a single therapeutic agent
- Usually contain 25-100% of an average single dose of a medicinal substance per 5 mL (one teaspoonful)
Unofficial Elixirs
- Many elixirs on the market are sold under trade names
- Examples: B.co elixir, Ferro B elixir, Toniphose elixir
- Lactated pepsin elixir contains only water as a solvent
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Description
Explore the world of elixirs, focusing on both medicated and non-medicated varieties. Learn about their composition, flavoring methods, and the importance of alcohol and water solubility in their formulation. This quiz covers key concepts related to creating effective elixirs for therapeutic use.
