Medical Vocabulary Chapter 1 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Current medical vocabulary includes terms built from _ & _ word parts, eponyms, acronyms, & terms from modern language.

Greek, Latin

What are terms built from Greek and Latin word parts?

Examples include arthritis.

What are eponyms?

Terms derived from the name of a person.

What are acronyms?

Terms found from the first letters of words in a phrase. Signup and view all the answers

What is modern language in medical terminology?

Terms derived from the English language. Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for AIDS?

Acronym. Signup and view all the answers

How are all medical terms divided in the text?

Into terms built from word parts and terms not built from word parts. Signup and view all the answers

What type of terms can be translated literally?

Terms built from word parts. Signup and view all the answers

What are terms not built from word parts?

Eponyms, acronyms, modern language, and terms of Greek & Latin word parts. Signup and view all the answers

Parkinson disease would be considered as a term:

Not built from word parts Signup and view all the answers

Osteoarthritis would be considered as a term:

Built from word parts Signup and view all the answers

What is a word root?

The fundamental meaning of a medical term. Signup and view all the answers

What is a prefix in medical terminology?

Attached to the beginning of a medical term. Signup and view all the answers

What is a suffix in medical terminology?

Attached to the end of a medical term. Signup and view all the answers

What is a combining vowel?

Usually an 'o', used to ease pronunciation. Signup and view all the answers

When combining a word root & suffix, a combining vowel is used if the suffix begins with a vowel.

False Signup and view all the answers

A combining vowel is usually not used when two word roots are combined if vowels are present at the junction.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of word roots?

arthr, ven, hepat, oste. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of prefixes?

intra, sub. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of suffixes?

-itis, -ous, -ic, -pathy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the combining vowel?

o. Signup and view all the answers

What is the word part that is the core of the word?

Word root. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of word root + combining vowel?

arthr/o, hepat/o, ven/o, oste/o. Signup and view all the answers

List some basic rules for medical terms.

All medical terms have at least one word root. Some terms have no prefix or suffix. A combining vowel connects roots. Signup and view all the answers

If vowels are present at the junction of two word roots in a medical term, a combining vowel is usually:

Still used Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Vocabulary Components

Current medical language consists of terms from Greek and Latin word parts, eponyms, acronyms, and modern language.
Terms can be categorized into terms built from word parts and terms not built from word parts.

Types of Medical Terms

Greek & Latin Terms: Constructed from word parts of ancient languages, e.g., arthritis.
Eponyms: Terms derived from a person's name, often a physician or scientist, e.g., Alzheimer disease.
Acronyms: Terms formed by the initial letters of phrases, can be pronounced as a single word, e.g., Laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation).
Modern Language Terms: Derived from contemporary English, e.g., nuclear medicine scanner.

Acronyms in Medicine

Example includes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), illustrating the use of initial letters to form a word.

Categories of Medical Terms

Terms Built from Word Parts: Can be literally translated to uncover meaning, e.g., arthritis (inflammation of the joint).
Terms Not Built from Word Parts: Cannot be easily translated; includes eponyms, acronyms, and modern language.

Word Composition Elements

Word Root: The core meaning of a term, e.g., arthr (joint), ven (vein).
Prefix: A modifier added to the beginning of a term, e.g., intra- (within), sub- (under).
Suffix: A modifier added to the end of a term, e.g., -itis (inflammation), -ic (pertaining to).
Combining Vowel: Typically "o," used to ease pronunciation when connecting word roots or with suffixes that do not begin with a vowel.

Rules for Combining Word Parts

Use a combining vowel when the suffix does not start with a vowel, e.g., arthr/o/pathy.
Do not use a combining vowel when the suffix begins with a vowel, e.g., hepat/ic.
When connecting two word roots, a combining vowel is usually required, even with present vowels, e.g., oste/o/arthr/itis.

Defining Medical Terms

Definitions typically start from the end of the term to the beginning, e.g., oste/o/arthr/itis is defined as inflammation of the bone and joints.
Some terms may be defined more effectively by starting at the beginning, e.g., melan/oma (black tumor).

Basic Formation Rules

All medical terms contain at least one word root.
Not every term has a prefix, suffix, or combining vowel.
Medical terms do not always utilize the combining vowel when two roots are joined if vowels are present at the junction.

Examples of Medical Terms

Word Roots: arthr (joint), ven (vein), hepat (liver), oste (bone).
Prefixes: intra- (within), sub- (under).
Suffixes: -itis (inflammation), -ous (pertaining to), -ic (pertaining to), -pathy (disease).

Usage of Combining Vowel

The combining vowel "o" facilitates pronunciation and connection between word roots and suffixes.

Junction of Word Roots

When connecting two word roots with vowels at the junction, a combining vowel is still used.

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Description

Test your knowledge of essential medical vocabulary with these flashcards from Chapter 1. Explore key terms such as Greek and Latin roots, eponyms, and modern language influences in medical terminology. Perfect for students in the field of health sciences.