Questions and Answers
Current medical vocabulary includes terms built from _____ & _____ word parts, eponyms, acronyms, & terms from modern language.
Greek, Latin
What are terms built from Greek and Latin word parts?
Examples include arthritis.
What are eponyms?
Terms derived from the name of a person.
What are acronyms?
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What is modern language in medical terminology?
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What is the medical term for AIDS?
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How are all medical terms divided in the text?
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What type of terms can be translated literally?
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What are terms not built from word parts?
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Parkinson disease would be considered as a term:
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Osteoarthritis would be considered as a term:
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What is a word root?
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What is a prefix in medical terminology?
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What is a suffix in medical terminology?
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What is a combining vowel?
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When combining a word root & suffix, a combining vowel is used if the suffix begins with a vowel.
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A combining vowel is usually not used when two word roots are combined if vowels are present at the junction.
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What are some examples of word roots?
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What are some examples of prefixes?
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What are some examples of suffixes?
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What is the combining vowel?
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What is the word part that is the core of the word?
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What are some examples of word root + combining vowel?
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List some basic rules for medical terms.
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If vowels are present at the junction of two word roots in a medical term, a combining vowel is usually:
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Study Notes
Medical Vocabulary Components
- Current medical language consists of terms from Greek and Latin word parts, eponyms, acronyms, and modern language.
- Terms can be categorized into terms built from word parts and terms not built from word parts.
Types of Medical Terms
- Greek & Latin Terms: Constructed from word parts of ancient languages, e.g., arthritis.
- Eponyms: Terms derived from a person's name, often a physician or scientist, e.g., Alzheimer disease.
- Acronyms: Terms formed by the initial letters of phrases, can be pronounced as a single word, e.g., Laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation).
- Modern Language Terms: Derived from contemporary English, e.g., nuclear medicine scanner.
Acronyms in Medicine
- Example includes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), illustrating the use of initial letters to form a word.
Categories of Medical Terms
- Terms Built from Word Parts: Can be literally translated to uncover meaning, e.g., arthritis (inflammation of the joint).
- Terms Not Built from Word Parts: Cannot be easily translated; includes eponyms, acronyms, and modern language.
Word Composition Elements
- Word Root: The core meaning of a term, e.g., arthr (joint), ven (vein).
- Prefix: A modifier added to the beginning of a term, e.g., intra- (within), sub- (under).
- Suffix: A modifier added to the end of a term, e.g., -itis (inflammation), -ic (pertaining to).
- Combining Vowel: Typically "o," used to ease pronunciation when connecting word roots or with suffixes that do not begin with a vowel.
Rules for Combining Word Parts
- Use a combining vowel when the suffix does not start with a vowel, e.g., arthr/o/pathy.
- Do not use a combining vowel when the suffix begins with a vowel, e.g., hepat/ic.
- When connecting two word roots, a combining vowel is usually required, even with present vowels, e.g., oste/o/arthr/itis.
Defining Medical Terms
- Definitions typically start from the end of the term to the beginning, e.g., oste/o/arthr/itis is defined as inflammation of the bone and joints.
- Some terms may be defined more effectively by starting at the beginning, e.g., melan/oma (black tumor).
Basic Formation Rules
- All medical terms contain at least one word root.
- Not every term has a prefix, suffix, or combining vowel.
- Medical terms do not always utilize the combining vowel when two roots are joined if vowels are present at the junction.
Examples of Medical Terms
- Word Roots: arthr (joint), ven (vein), hepat (liver), oste (bone).
- Prefixes: intra- (within), sub- (under).
- Suffixes: -itis (inflammation), -ous (pertaining to), -ic (pertaining to), -pathy (disease).
Usage of Combining Vowel
- The combining vowel "o" facilitates pronunciation and connection between word roots and suffixes.
Junction of Word Roots
- When connecting two word roots with vowels at the junction, a combining vowel is still used.
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Description
Test your knowledge of essential medical vocabulary with these flashcards from Chapter 1. Explore key terms such as Greek and Latin roots, eponyms, and modern language influences in medical terminology. Perfect for students in the field of health sciences.