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Questions and Answers
What does the word root 'cardi/o' refer to?
What does the word root 'cardi/o' refer to?
Which of the following prefixes means 'two'?
Which of the following prefixes means 'two'?
What is the meaning of the suffix '-cyte'?
What is the meaning of the suffix '-cyte'?
In the term 'endocarditis', what does the suffix '-itis' indicate?
In the term 'endocarditis', what does the suffix '-itis' indicate?
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Which word contains a combining vowel due to the presence of two roots?
Which word contains a combining vowel due to the presence of two roots?
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What does the root 'nephr' refer to?
What does the root 'nephr' refer to?
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In the word 'pathology', what does the prefix 'path/o' mean?
In the word 'pathology', what does the prefix 'path/o' mean?
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What is the purpose of a combining vowel in medical terminology?
What is the purpose of a combining vowel in medical terminology?
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Which of these medical terms refers to a condition of excessive pressure?
Which of these medical terms refers to a condition of excessive pressure?
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What does the root 'osteo' signify?
What does the root 'osteo' signify?
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What is the correct plural form for the word 'diagnosis'?
What is the correct plural form for the word 'diagnosis'?
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What does the suffix '-logy' signify?
What does the suffix '-logy' signify?
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What should be done to change 'cortex' to its plural form?
What should be done to change 'cortex' to its plural form?
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What does the prefix 'sub-' typically mean?
What does the prefix 'sub-' typically mean?
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Which of the following endings would indicate the plural for 'apex'?
Which of the following endings would indicate the plural for 'apex'?
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What is the correct plural form for the term 'ganglion'?
What is the correct plural form for the term 'ganglion'?
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What does the abbreviation 'BP' stand for in medical terms?
What does the abbreviation 'BP' stand for in medical terms?
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What does the suffix '-ist' refer to?
What does the suffix '-ist' refer to?
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What is the plural form for 'appendix'?
What is the plural form for 'appendix'?
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Study Notes
Medical Terminology Review
- Word Parts: Medical terms are composed of word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining vowels.
- Word Roots: The core meaning of the word, often referring to a body part or system.
- Prefixes: Placed before the word root to modify its meaning (e.g., "ab-", meaning away from).
- Suffixes: Placed after the word root to modify its meaning (e.g., "-al", meaning pertaining to).
- Combining Vowels: Vowels (often "o") are inserted between word roots to link them and improve pronunciation.
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Examples:
- Abnormal: "ab-" (prefix, away from) + "norm-" (root, normal) + "-al" (suffix, pertaining to)
- Bilateral: "bi-" (prefix, two) + "later-" (root, side) + "-al" (suffix, pertaining to)
- Intra venous: "intra-" (prefix, within) + "ven-" (root, vein) + "-ous" ( suffix, pertaining to)
- Hypertension: "hyper-" (prefix, above, excessive) + "tension" (root, pressure).
- Combining Two Root Words: Some words are formed by combining roots. Example: "choloangioma" which is formed from combining roots "chol-" (bile) + "angio-" (vessel) + "-oma" (tumor) leading to "a tumor of the bile duct".
- Prefixes Example: Descriptive: Prefixes can provide descriptive information e.g "A-" (Prefix) = without, "Febrile" (root word) = fever, "Afebrile" = without a fever.
Combining Vowels
- Combining vowels are often used to link word roots, improving pronunciation and allowing smooth combination.
- They are usually "o," but other vowels may be used.
- Examples:
- "cardiology" uses a combining vowel "o" between "cardi-" (heart) and "-logy" (study of)
- "cholelithiasis” uses a combining vowel between the root words to connect them.
Plural Forms
- Rules: Rules for making plural forms of words vary.
- a to ae: Words ending in "a" usually become "ae" (e.g., vertebra to vertebrae).
- is to es: Words ending in "is" usually become "es" (e.g., diagnosis to diagnoses).
- ex/ix to ices: Words ending in "ex" or "ix" usually become "ices" (e.g., apex to apices).
- on to a: Words ending in "on" usually become "a" (e.g., ganglion to ganglia).
- um to a: Words ending in "um" usually become "a" (e.g., bacterium to bacteria).
- us to i: Words ending in "us" usually become "i" (e.g., bronchus to bronchi).
- Exception to us: Not all words ending in "us" form their plural by adding an "i". A few exceptions exist.
- Other rules: Specific rules apply to different types of word endings.
Abbreviations and Medical Terminology
- Abbreviations are used for concise writing of medical terms.
- Key abbreviations include BE (Barium enema), BP (blood pressure), CXR (Chest X-ray), etc. – These can be used in diagnoses and medical records to indicate specific tests.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of medical terminology, focusing on word parts such as roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining vowels. It provides examples to illustrate how these components combine to form medical terms. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of medical language.
