Medical Terminology Quiz
33 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the function of erythropoietin (EPO)?

  • Stimulates the production of red blood cells (correct)
  • Filters nitrogenous wastes from the blood
  • Regulates potassium levels in the blood
  • Stimulates the production of white blood cells

    • The renal cortex is the inner region of the kidney.

    False

    What is creatinine?

    Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

    The _____ is a tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.

    <p>urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each structure to its function or description.

    <p>Arteriole = Small artery Ureter = Tube leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder Medulla = Inner region of the kidney Renal pelvis = Central collecting region in the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the kidneys?

    <p>Filter nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Potassium (K+) is an electrolyte regulated by the kidneys.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is reabsorption in the context of kidney function?

    <p>Process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is a major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine?

    <p>Urea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an arteriole?

    <p>Small artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is calciferol?

    <p>Active form of Vitamin D, secreted by the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a catheter?

    <p>Tube for injecting or removing fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the renal cortex refer to?

    <p>Outer region of the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is creatinine?

    <p>Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are electrolytes?

    <p>Chemical elements that carry an electrical charge when dissolved in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO)?

    <p>To stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define filtration in the context of the kidneys.

    <p>Process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the glomerulus?

    <p>Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the hilum in the kidneys?

    <p>Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nephron?

    <p>Functional unit of the kidney where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is considered a nitrogenous waste?

    <p>Urea, uric acid, and creatinine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the renal artery?

    <p>Carries blood to the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the renal pelvis do?

    <p>Central collecting region in the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the renal vein's function?

    <p>Carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is renin?

    <p>Hormone secreted by the kidney that raises blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of sodium (Na+)?

    <p>Essential for nerve impulse transmission, heart activity, and metabolic functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trigone?

    <p>Triangular area in the urinary bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is urea?

    <p>Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ureter?

    <p>One of the two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the urethra?

    <p>Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is uric acid?

    <p>Nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the urinary bladder?

    <p>Hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is urination?

    <p>Process of expelling urine; also called micturition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Anatomy and Functions of the Kidney

    • Kidneys are bean-shaped organs located on either side of the spine in the lumbar region, responsible for filtering nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to produce urine.
    • The renal cortex is the outer region, while the renal medulla is the inner region of the kidney, with functions related to filtration and urine formation.

    Key Structures and Terms

    • Arteriole: Small artery that regulates blood flow to the kidneys.
    • Calyx (Calyces): Cup-like structures in the renal pelvis used for collecting urine.
    • Catheter: Tube used for injecting or removing fluids from the body.
    • Glomerulus: A tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney essential for filtering blood.
    • Glomerular Capsule (Bowman's Capsule): Structure surrounding the glomerulus, collecting filtered materials from blood.
    • Renal Pelvis: Central area of the kidney where urine collects before moving to the ureter.

    Waste and Electrolyte Management

    • Creatinine: Nitrogenous waste found in urine; creatinine clearance measures kidney efficiency in filtering this substance from the blood.
    • Urea: Major nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine.
    • Uric Acid: Another form of nitrogenous waste excreted in urine.
    • Electrolytes: Charged chemical elements vital for muscle and nerve function, including potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+), which are regulated by the kidneys.

    Hormonal Regulation

    • Erythropoietin (EPO): Hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
    • Renin: Hormone secreted by the kidneys that raises blood pressure by causing blood vessel constriction.

    Urinary System Components

    • Nephron: The functional unit of the kidney, where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion occur.
    • Renal Artery: Vessel that carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys.
    • Renal Vein: Vessel that carries deoxygenated blood away from the kidneys toward the heart.
    • Ureters: Tubes that transport urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder.
    • Urethra: Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body for urine expulsion.
    • Urinary Bladder: Muscular sac that stores urine temporarily before elimination.
    • Trigone: Triangular region in the urinary bladder marked by openings for the ureters and urethra.

    Urination Process

    • Urination (Void): The act of expelling urine from the bladder, also known as micturition.
    • Reabsorption: Process by which renal tubules return necessary materials back to the bloodstream after preliminary filtration.

    Anatomy and Functions of the Kidney

    • Kidneys are bean-shaped organs located on either side of the spine in the lumbar region, responsible for filtering nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to produce urine.
    • The renal cortex is the outer region, while the renal medulla is the inner region of the kidney, with functions related to filtration and urine formation.

    Key Structures and Terms

    • Arteriole: Small artery that regulates blood flow to the kidneys.
    • Calyx (Calyces): Cup-like structures in the renal pelvis used for collecting urine.
    • Catheter: Tube used for injecting or removing fluids from the body.
    • Glomerulus: A tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney essential for filtering blood.
    • Glomerular Capsule (Bowman's Capsule): Structure surrounding the glomerulus, collecting filtered materials from blood.
    • Renal Pelvis: Central area of the kidney where urine collects before moving to the ureter.

    Waste and Electrolyte Management

    • Creatinine: Nitrogenous waste found in urine; creatinine clearance measures kidney efficiency in filtering this substance from the blood.
    • Urea: Major nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine.
    • Uric Acid: Another form of nitrogenous waste excreted in urine.
    • Electrolytes: Charged chemical elements vital for muscle and nerve function, including potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+), which are regulated by the kidneys.

    Hormonal Regulation

    • Erythropoietin (EPO): Hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
    • Renin: Hormone secreted by the kidneys that raises blood pressure by causing blood vessel constriction.

    Urinary System Components

    • Nephron: The functional unit of the kidney, where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion occur.
    • Renal Artery: Vessel that carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys.
    • Renal Vein: Vessel that carries deoxygenated blood away from the kidneys toward the heart.
    • Ureters: Tubes that transport urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder.
    • Urethra: Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body for urine expulsion.
    • Urinary Bladder: Muscular sac that stores urine temporarily before elimination.
    • Trigone: Triangular region in the urinary bladder marked by openings for the ureters and urethra.

    Urination Process

    • Urination (Void): The act of expelling urine from the bladder, also known as micturition.
    • Reabsorption: Process by which renal tubules return necessary materials back to the bloodstream after preliminary filtration.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Urinal terminology.docx

    Description

    Test your knowledge of key medical terms related to the kidneys and renal function. This quiz covers important definitions such as arterioles, calciferol, and creatinine. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field seeking to refresh their understanding.

    More Like This

    Renal Hilum and Renal Sinus Quiz
    9 questions

    Renal Hilum and Renal Sinus Quiz

    GorgeousSquirrel avatar
    GorgeousSquirrel
    Renal Anatomy and Kidney Function Quiz
    5 questions

    Renal Anatomy and Kidney Function Quiz

    CapableLife avatar
    CapableLife
    Semiología Urológica (Difícil)
    29 questions

    Semiología Urológica (Difícil)

    WellEducatedExtraterrestrial avatar
    WellEducatedExtraterrestrial
    Urinary System and Its Components Quiz
    30 questions

    Urinary System and Its Components Quiz

    HonorableXenon avatar
    HonorableXenon
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser