Medical Terminology Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are adrenal glands?

Nerve cells

Blood vessels

Endocrine glands located above each kidney (correct)

Muscle tissues

What is the function of an antibiotic?

Destroys the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria

What is an antigen?

Foreign substance such as bacteria and viruses

What does bradycardia refer to?

Slow heartbeat Signup and view all the answers

Define congenital anomaly.

An irregularity in a structure or organ that an infant is born with Signup and view all the answers

What is dialysis?

Removing harmful waste products from the body with an artificial kidney machine Signup and view all the answers

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

An abnormal pregnancy where the embryo implants outside of the uterus Signup and view all the answers

Where are parathyroid glands located?

On the dorsal side of the thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

What does prolapse mean?

To fall or slide forward, often used to describe an organ Signup and view all the answers

What does retroperitoneal mean?

Pertaining to behind the peritoneum Signup and view all the answers

Define syndrome.

A group of signs or symptoms that commonly occur together Signup and view all the answers

What does subcutaneous refer to?

Lower layer of skin composed of fatty tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is tachycardia?

Fast, rapid heartbeat Signup and view all the answers

What does transurethral mean?

When an instrument passes through the urethra Signup and view all the answers

Define ultrasonography.

A diagnostic technique using ultrasound waves to produce images Signup and view all the answers

What does metastasis refer to?

When cancer spreads to another part of the body Signup and view all the answers

What is paralysis?

The loss of ability to move Signup and view all the answers

What is a prosthesis?

Artificial replacement of a body part Signup and view all the answers

What does atrophy mean?

Organs shrink in size Signup and view all the answers

Define gastritis.

Inflammation of the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is nephrology?

Study of the kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is hematology?

Study of blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the urethra?

Tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body Signup and view all the answers

Define erythrocyte.

Red blood cell Signup and view all the answers

What is a hematoma?

Tumor of blood (bruise) Signup and view all the answers

What is a cystoscope?

Instrument to visually examine the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What do anterior and posterior refer to?

The coronal plane divides the body into these sections Signup and view all the answers

What do right and left refer to?

The sagittal plane divides the body into these sections Signup and view all the answers

What do superior and inferior refer to?

The transverse plane divides the body into these sections Signup and view all the answers

What is the musculoskeletal system?

Body system that supports the body and helps it move Signup and view all the answers

What is the female reproductive system responsible for?

Producing cells that unite to form a new baby Signup and view all the answers

List the 5 divisions of the spine.

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx Signup and view all the answers

What is craniotomy?

Incision of the skull Signup and view all the answers

What does mediastinal refer to?

Pertaining to the space between the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is hemorrhage?

Excessive bleeding (discharge of blood) Signup and view all the answers

Define thoracentesis.

Surgical procedure to remove fluid from the chest Signup and view all the answers

What is cholecystectomy?

Excision of gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

What is hysterectomy?

Excision of the uterus Signup and view all the answers

Define hematuria.

Blood in urine Signup and view all the answers

What is arteriosclerosis?

Hardening of arteries Signup and view all the answers

What does acute mean?

Sharp, sudden, severe Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Endocrine and Anatomical Terms

Adrenal glands: Endocrine glands located above each kidney, producing hormones like adrenaline.
Parathyroid glands: Four glands on the dorsal side of the thyroid, regulating calcium levels in the body.
Retroperitoneal: Refers to organs situated behind the peritoneum, including kidneys and adrenal glands.

Medical Conditions and Procedures

Bradycardia: A condition characterized by a slow heartbeat.
Tachycardia: Defined by a fast, rapid heartbeat.
Prolapse: Describes an organ, such as the uterus, sliding or falling forward.
Ectopic pregnancy: An abnormal pregnancy where the embryo implants outside the uterus, often in Fallopian tubes.
Atrophy: A process where organs shrink in size due to lack of use or disease.
Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining.
Hematuria: Presence of blood in urine.

Diagnostic and Surgical Techniques

Dialysis: A method of removing harmful waste from the body using an artificial kidney machine.
Ultrasonography: A diagnostic technique leveraging ultrasound waves for imaging organs or tissues.
Cystoscope: Instrument used to visually examine the bladder.
Thoracentesis: Surgical procedure aimed at removing fluid from the chest cavity.
Craniotomy: Surgical incision into the skull for access to the brain.
Cholecystectomy: Excision of the gallbladder.
Hysterectomy: Surgical removal of the uterus.

Blood and Cellular Terms

Antibiotic: A substance that destroys or inhibits the growth of microorganisms, specifically bacteria.
Erythrocyte: The technical term for a red blood cell.
Hematoma: Accumulation of blood outside blood vessels, often referred to as a bruise.
Hematology: The study of blood and its disorders.

Developmental and Structural Anomalies

Congenital anomaly: Structural irregularities an infant is born with, affecting physical development.
Metastasis: The spread of cancer cells from their original site to other parts of the body.
Syndrome: A group of signs or symptoms that occur together indicative of a specific disease.

Body Systems and Planes

Musculoskeletal system: Supports the body and facilitates movement.
Female reproductive system: Responsible for producing reproductive cells for new life.
Divisions of the spine: Includes cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx, each with distinct functions.

Anatomical Directions

Anterior and posterior: Refers to the coronal plane that divides the body into front and back sections.
Right and left: The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left sections.
Superior and inferior: The transverse plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) parts.

Other Important Terms

Subcutaneous: Describes the lower layer of skin which is composed mainly of fatty tissue.
Acronym acute: Defined as sharp, sudden, and severe, typically used to describe conditions or illnesses.

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Description

Test your knowledge of medical terms with these flashcards. Each card includes a key medical word along with its definition to help you understand important concepts in medicine. Perfect for students or anyone interested in healthcare terminology.