Medical Terminology Flashcards

Surgical Procedures Related to Bone

• Osteopexy: Involves surgical fixation of bone to the body wall, ensuring stability.
• Osteotomy: Entails cutting or removing a piece of bone, often for correcting deformities.
• Osteostomy: Refers to the surgical creation of a permanent opening in a bone for medical purposes.
• Osteocentesis: Involves surgical puncture of a bone, usually to extract fluid for medical analysis.
• Osteodesis: The process of fusing two or more bones together to promote stability.
• Osteoplasty: A type of plastic surgery focused on reconstructing or repairing bone structure.
• Ostectomy: Involves the excision of a part of a bone, often to remove damaged or diseased tissue.
• Amputation: The intentional surgical removal of a limb or body part due to injury or disease.

Bone Health Conditions and Related Terms

• Osteonecrosis: Represents the death of bone tissue, often due to loss of blood supply.
• Arthralgia: Describes pain experienced in a joint, indicating possible underlying conditions.
• Chondropathy: Refers to diseases affecting cartilage, which can impact joint health.
• Chondromalacia: Indicates abnormal softening of cartilage, often related to joint pain and dysfunction.

Inflammatory and Structural Conditions

• Spondylitis: Characterized by inflammation of the joints in the backbone, potentially leading to pain and stiffness.
• Lordosis: Defined as excessive inward curvature of the spine, which can affect posture and mobility.

Bone Structure and Components

• Periosteum: The outer lining of bone that contains nerves and blood vessels, crucial for bone health.
• Epiphysis: The end part of a long bone involved in growth and joint formation.
• Diaphysis: The central shaft of a long bone, providing structural support.
• Physis: Refers to the principle of growth in bone development.
• Metaphysis: The conic region of a bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis, important for growth plates.
• Endosteum: The inner layer lining the medullary cavity in bones, involved in bone growth and repair.

Types of Bone

• Cortical Bone: The dense outer surface of bone, serving as a protective layer surrounding the inner cavity.
• Cancellous Bone: Also known as trabecular bone, it consists of spongy tissue within mature adult bones.

Tumors and Abnormal Growth

• Osteosarcoma: A malignant bone tumor characterized by a proliferation of osteoblasts, often affecting young adults.
• Osteochondrosis: A developmental disorder affecting normal bone growth, mainly at the epiphysis, often resolving over time.

Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering essential surgical terms related to bones. Each card features a term and its definition, helping reinforce your understanding of key concepts in the medical field. Perfect for students and professionals alike!