Medical Terminology Flashcards #2

Questions and Answers

What does the term 'posterior' mean?

Further into the body

Toward or near the front

Toward or near the back (correct)

Nearer to the surface of the body

What is the definition of 'base'?

The lower or supporting part of any structure

What does 'apex' refer to?

The pointed tip of a conical structure

What does 'bilateral' mean?

Both sides Signup and view all the answers

What does 'unilateral' mean?

One side Signup and view all the answers

What does 'contralateral' refer to?

The opposite side Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ipsilateral' signify?

The same side Signup and view all the answers

What does 'deep' mean in a medical context?

Further into the body Signup and view all the answers

What does 'superficial' indicate?

Nearer to the surface of the body Signup and view all the answers

What does 'prone' mean?

Lying horizontally facing down Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ventral' refer to?

Front; anterior Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dorsal' mean?

Back; posterior Signup and view all the answers

What does 'abduction' refer to in terms of movement?

Movement toward the side, away from the body Signup and view all the answers

What does 'adduction' indicate?

Movement toward the side, toward the body Signup and view all the answers

What does 'anterior' mean?

Toward or near the front; ventral Signup and view all the answers

What does 'supination' refer to in forearm movement?

Rotation movement of the forearm to palm up; palm facing anterior. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'proximal' mean?

Nearer to axial body Signup and view all the answers

What does 'distal' mean?

Further from the axial body Signup and view all the answers

What does 'superior' indicate?

Toward or nearer to the head; cranial Signup and view all the answers

What does 'inferior' mean?

Toward or nearer to the feet; caudal Signup and view all the answers

What does 'medial' mean?

Toward the midline; nearer to the midline Signup and view all the answers

What does 'eversion' refer to?

Movement of the ankle causing the bottom of the foot to face toward the side or laterally Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lateral' mean?

Away from the midline; toward the side Signup and view all the answers

What does 'flexion' indicate?

Movement toward the front or anterior Signup and view all the answers

What does 'inversion' mean in terms of ankle movement?

Movement of the ankle causing the bottom of the foot to face toward the midline or medially Signup and view all the answers

What does 'extension' refer to?

Movement toward the back or posterior Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pronation' mean?

Rotation movement of the forearm to palm down; palm facing posterior Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ulnar deviation' indicate?

Movement of the wrist toward the ulna or toward the body; wrist adduction Signup and view all the answers

What does 'radial deviation' mean?

Movement of the wrist toward the radius or away from the body; wrist abduction Signup and view all the answers

What does 'supine' mean?

Facing horizontally facing upward Signup and view all the answers

What does 'protraction' refer to?

Movement of the scapula away from the spinal column; scapular abduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the Musculoskeletal System (PF)?

Provides body's framework; protects internal organs and other underlying structures; allows movement; produces heat; manufactures blood components. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main cell types?

Squamous, Cuboidal, and Columnar Signup and view all the answers

What does 'squamous' describe?

Is shaped weirdly; doesn't look like a cube nor a column. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cuboidal' mean?

Is shaped like a cube Signup and view all the answers

What does 'columnar' indicate?

Is shaped like a column Signup and view all the answers

What is the Musculoskeletal System (MS)?

Bones, ligaments, muscles, and tendons Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Respiratory System (PF)?

Supplies the body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide and other impurities through the breathing process. Signup and view all the answers

What does Circulatory System (PF) do?

Transports nutrients and oxygen to body cells and removes waste products Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the Nervous System (MS)?

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves Signup and view all the answers

What is the Integumentary System (MS)?

Skin, hair, and nails Signup and view all the answers

What does the Endocrine System (PF) do?

Secretes hormones and regulates metabolic processes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anatomical Terms

Posterior/Posteri(o): Refers to the back or dorsal side of the body.
Base: The fundamental lower part of any structure providing support.
Apex: The pointed tip of a conical shape.
Bilateral: Pertaining to both sides.
Unilateral: Relating to one side only.
Contralateral: Involving the opposite side.
Ipsilateral: Occurring on the same side.
Deep: Positioned further inside the body.
Superficial: Closer to the surface of the body.
Prone: Lying flat horizontally with the face down.
Ventral: Pertaining to the front or anterior aspect.
Dorsal: Relating to the back or posterior surface.

Body Movements

Abduction: Movement away from the midline, to the side.
Adduction: Movement towards the midline.
Supination: Rotation of the forearm to face the palm up; anterior palm position.
Proximal/Proxim(o): Closer to the axial body.
Distal/Disto: Further from the axial body.
Superior/Super(o): Closer to the head (cranial).
Inferior/Infer(o): Closer to the feet (caudal).
Medial/Medi(o): Closer to the midline of the body.
Eversion: Movement of the ankle causing the foot's bottom to face laterally.
Lateral/Later(o): Movement away from the midline.
Flexion: Movement towards the anterior side, with an exception at the knee joint.
Inversion: Movement of the ankle causing the foot's bottom to face medially.
Extension: Movement towards the posterior side, with an exception at the knee joint.
Pronation: Forearm rotation resulting in the palm facing down; posterior palm position.
Ulnar Deviation: Wrist movement toward the ulna; wrist adduction.
Radial Deviation: Wrist movement toward the radius; wrist abduction.
Supine: Lying horizontally, facing upward.
Protraction: Scapular movement away from the spinal column; scapular abduction.

Major Body Systems

Musculoskeletal System (PF): Framework support, protects organs, allows movement, generates heat, and produces blood components.
Musculoskeletal System (MS): Comprises bones, ligaments, muscles, and tendons.
Respiratory System (PF): Supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide through breathing.
Respiratory System (MS): Includes the airway and lungs.
Circulatory System (PF): Transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and eliminates waste.
Circulatory System (MS): Consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Nervous System (PF): Transmits messages to and from the brain, one of two primary regulatory systems.
Nervous System (MS): Includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Integumentary System (PF): Communicates body status, prevents infection and dehydration, regulates temperature, aids vitamin production.
Integumentary System (MS): Composed of skin, hair, and nails.
Endocrine System (MS): Consists of glands, responsible for hormone secretion.

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Description

Test your knowledge of medical terminology with this set of flashcards. Each card features a term along with its definition to help you understand essential concepts in the field of medicine.