Medical Terminology Chapters 2-4 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the term for a surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen?

Tonsillitis

Amniocentesis (correct)

Prolapse

Ischemia

What is the term for inflammation of lymph tissue in the throat?

Tonsillitis

What is the medical term that means 'prolapse'?

-ptosis

What term describes a condition where blood is held back from an area?

Ischemia Signup and view all the answers

What does 'necr/o' mean?

Death Signup and view all the answers

What condition refers to the enlargement of extremities after puberty due to a pituitary gland problem?

Acromegaly Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for pain in the ear?

Otalgia Signup and view all the answers

What medical term describes a condition continuing over a long period?

Chronic Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of a small artery?

Arteriole Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an instrument used to visually examine?

-scope Signup and view all the answers

What medical term refers to a hernia of the urinary bladder?

Cystocele Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumor of bone marrow, which is cancerous?

Multiple myeloma Signup and view all the answers

What is an X-ray record of the spinal cord called?

Myelogram Signup and view all the answers

What medical term describes berry-shaped (spheroidal) bacteria?

-cocci Signup and view all the answers

What is a neutrophil?

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte Signup and view all the answers

What instrument is used to record data?

-graph Signup and view all the answers

What does '-oid' mean?

Resembling Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell is an eosinophil?

Leukocyte Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the removal of the voice box?

Laryngectomy Signup and view all the answers

What does angioplasty mean?

Surgical repair of a blood vessel Signup and view all the answers

What blood cell produces antibodies?

Lymphocyte Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of -malacia?

-sclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What does hypertrophy mean?

Excessive development Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for treatment?

-therapy Signup and view all the answers

What does -stomy mean?

Surgical creation of a permanent opening Signup and view all the answers

What term means pertaining to between the ribs?

Intercostal Signup and view all the answers

What term means pertaining to the opposite side?

Contralateral Signup and view all the answers

What is protrusion of an eyeball called?

Exophthalmos Signup and view all the answers

What is a congenital anomaly?

Syndactyly Signup and view all the answers

What does symbiosis mean?

Parasitism is an example Signup and view all the answers

What does prodrome mean?

Symptoms precede an illness Signup and view all the answers

What does the term ante cibum mean?

Before meals Signup and view all the answers

What are antibodies?

Protein substances made by leukocytes Signup and view all the answers

What does symphysis mean?

Bones grow together, as in the pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What is ultrasonography?

Sound waves and echoes are used to create an image Signup and view all the answers

What does metamorphosis mean?

Change in shape or form Signup and view all the answers

What does hypertrophy refer to?

Increase in cell size; increased development Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperglycemia?

Excessive sugar in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What does retroperitoneal mean?

Behind the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What are antigens?

Streptococci Signup and view all the answers

What does relapse mean in a medical context?

Return of disease symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What does dia- mean?

Complete, through Signup and view all the answers

What describes the abductor muscle?

Carries a limb away from the body Signup and view all the answers

What is dyspnea?

Difficult breathing Signup and view all the answers

What does brady- mean?

Slow Signup and view all the answers

What is located on the dorsal side of an endocrine gland in the neck?

Parathyroid glands Signup and view all the answers

What is recombinant DNA?

Gene from one organism is inserted into another organism Signup and view all the answers

What does tachycardia mean?

Rapid heartbeat Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for epithelium?

Surface cells that line internal organs and are found in the skin Signup and view all the answers

What does percutaneous mean?

Through the skin Signup and view all the answers

What does adipose refer to?

Pertaining to fat tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is cartilage?

Flexible connective tissue at joints Signup and view all the answers

What is chondrosarcoma?

Malignant tumor of connective (flesh) tissue Signup and view all the answers

What are chromosomes?

Rod-shaped nuclear structures Signup and view all the answers

What is a craniotomy?

Incision of the skull Signup and view all the answers

What are epithelial cells?

Line external body surfaces and internal surfaces of organs Signup and view all the answers

What is histology?

Study of tissues Signup and view all the answers

What does inguinal refer to?

Pertaining to the groin Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Key Terms

Amniocentesis: Surgical procedure to extract fluid from the abdomen for diagnostic purposes.
Tonsillitis: Inflammation of the lymph tissue located in the throat.
Prolapse: Medical term denoted by the suffix -ptosis, indicating a downward displacement of an organ.
Ischemia: Condition where blood is restricted or withheld from a particular area.
Necr/o: Prefix that denotes death in medical terms.
Acromegaly: Abnormal enlargement of extremities occurring after puberty, typically caused by a pituitary gland disorder.
Otalgia: Medical term for pain in the ear.
Chronic: Describes a condition that persists over a long period.
Arteriole: A small artery that branches off from a larger artery.
-scope: Suffix indicating an instrument designed for visual examination.
Cystocele: Condition characterized by a hernia in the urinary bladder.
Multiple Myeloma: A type of cancer that forms in the bone marrow.
Myelogram: An X-ray record specifically of the spinal cord.
-cocci: Suffix referring to berry-shaped bacteria.
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte: Another term for neutrophil, a type of white blood cell.
-graph: Suffix indicating an instrument that records data.
-oid: Suffix that indicates resemblance to something.
Leukocyte: General term for white blood cells, including eosinophils.
Laryngectomy: Surgical removal of the larynx or voice box.
Angioplasty: Surgical procedure aimed at repairing blood vessels.
Lymphocyte: A type of blood cell responsible for producing antibodies.
-sclerosis: Opposite of -malacia, indicating hardening of tissue.
Hypertrophy: Excessive development or increase in the size of cells.
-therapy: Suffix indicating treatment.
-stomy: Suffix meaning a surgical creation of a permanent opening.
Intercostal: Refers to positioning between the ribs.
Contralateral: Pertaining to the opposite side of the body.
Exophthalmos: Condition characterized by protrusion of the eyeball.
Syndactyly: A congenital anomaly where fingers or toes are fused together.
Symbiosis: A relationship between organisms, with parasitism as a specific example.
Prodrome: Early symptoms that appear before the onset of an illness.
Ante Cibum: Term indicating before meals.
Antibodies: Proteins produced by leukocytes that combat antigens.
Symphysis: Condition where bones grow together, notably in the pelvis.
Ultrasonography: Imaging technique using sound waves and echoes to produce visual images.
Metamorphosis: Process involving a change in shape or form.
Hyperglycemia: Condition marked by excessive sugar levels in the blood.
Retroperitoneal: Describes anatomical structures located behind the abdomen.
Antigens: Molecules that trigger an immune response, such as those found in streptococci.
Relapse: Return of disease symptoms after a period of improvement.
Dia-: Prefix meaning complete or through.
Abductor muscle: Muscle functionally carrying a limb away from the body.
Dyspnea: Medical term for difficulty in breathing.
Brady-: Prefix meaning slow.
Parathyroid glands: Located dorsally within the neck, these glands regulate calcium levels.
Recombinant DNA: Genetic material produced artificially by combining DNA from different organisms.
Tachycardia: Condition characterized by an abnormally rapid heartbeat.
Epithelium: Tissue composed of surface cells lining internal organs and covering the skin.
Percutaneous: Procedure performed through the skin.
Adipose: Tissue that pertains to fat storage.
Cartilage: Flexible connective tissue found at the joints.
Chondrosarcoma: A malignant tumor arising from cartilage tissue.
Chromosomes: Rod-shaped structures within the nucleus containing genetic material.
Craniotomy: Surgical procedure involving the incision of the skull.
Epithelial Cells: Cells that cover the external body surface and line internal organs.
Histology: The study of biological tissues, their structure, and function.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering essential medical terminology from Chapters 2 to 4 of Dr. Cheryl Buckholz's course. Each card includes a term and its definition, helping you enhance your understanding of key medical concepts.