Medical Terminology Chapter 9 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the combining form for 'muscle'?

tendin/o

my/o

brachi/o

muscul/o (correct)

What does 'muscular' refer to?

muscle pertaining to

What does 'my/o', 'myos/o', and 'muscul/o' collectively refer to?

muscle

What does 'musculature' mean?

system composed of muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'musculoskeletal'?

pertaining to muscle and skeleton Signup and view all the answers

What does 'voluntary' signify?

pertaining to a person's own free will Signup and view all the answers

What does 'striated' refer to?

muscle with multiple nuclei and color bands Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tendinous' mean?

pertaining to tendon Signup and view all the answers

What does 'insert/o' mean?

introduce; put in Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'insertion'?

the action of introducing or putting in Signup and view all the answers

What is the Latin singular noun for 'bursae'?

bursa Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bursa' refer to?

a thin sac of synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid Signup and view all the answers

What does 'fascial' pertain to?

pertaining to fascia Signup and view all the answers

What is an 'aponeurosis'?

a wide, white fibrous sheet of connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

What does 'biceps brachii' mean?

two-headed muscle of the arm Signup and view all the answers

What does 'brachioradialis' refer to?

muscle of the arm and forearm Signup and view all the answers

What action does 'extensor digitorum' perform?

straightening the digits Signup and view all the answers

What does 'flexor halluces brevis' do?

flexes the big toe Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'gluteus maximus'?

large muscle of the buttocks Signup and view all the answers

What does 'rectus abdominis' refer to?

muscle that runs straight up and down in the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'temporalis' pertain to?

muscle on the side of the head Signup and view all the answers

What is 'flexion'?

bending a joint to decrease the angle Signup and view all the answers

What does 'flex/o' mean?

bending Signup and view all the answers

What does 'extension' refer to?

straightening and extending a joint to increase angle Signup and view all the answers

What is 'abduction'?

moving a body part away from the midline of the body Signup and view all the answers

What does 'adduction' mean?

moving a body part toward the midline Signup and view all the answers

What is 'rotation'?

moving a body part around its axis Signup and view all the answers

What does 'myorrhaphy' describe?

procedure to suture together a torn muscle Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tenorrhaphy' mean?

procedure to suture together a torn tendon Signup and view all the answers

What is 'fibromyalgia'?

pain located at specific trigger points in muscles Signup and view all the answers

What does 'supinator' mean?

turning palm of hand anteriorly or upward Signup and view all the answers

What does 'supinat/o' mean?

lying on the back Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pronation' refer to?

face down position Signup and view all the answers

What does 'eversion' mean?

moving a body part outward Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for whiplash?

hyperextension-hyperflexion injury Signup and view all the answers

What does 'evertor' imply?

thing that turns outward Signup and view all the answers

What does 'inversion' mean?

moving a body part inward Signup and view all the answers

What is 'myasthenia gravis'?

abnormal and rapid fatigue of the muscles Signup and view all the answers

What does 'myopathy' refer to?

category that includes many diseases of muscles Signup and view all the answers

What does 'myositis' mean?

inflammation of muscle Signup and view all the answers

What does 'polymyositis' refer to?

a chronic progressive disease affecting multiple muscles Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscle Terminology

Combining Form for Muscle: muscul/o
Muscular: Relates to muscles (muscul/o) and indicates a connection (ar).
Muscle Terms: my/o, myos/o, muscul/o refer to muscle tissue.
Musculature: System composed of muscles (muscul/o and -ature).
Musculoskeletal: Relates to muscle (muscul/o) and skeleton (skelet/o) structures.

Muscle Control & Structure

Voluntary Muscle Control: muscle activity under personal free will (volunt/o)
Striated Muscle: Muscle fibers characterized by multiple nuclei and color bands.
Tendinous Structure: Pertains to tendons (tendin/o) and their attributes (-ous).

Insertion and Action

Insertion: The action of introducing or putting in (insert/o).
Bursa: Latin singular for bursae; a synovial membrane sac that cushions tendon-bone areas near limb joints.

Connective Tissues

Fascial: Pertains to fascia (fasci/o), a thin connective tissue joining with tendons.
Aponeurosis: A fibrous sheet of connective tissue attaching flat muscles to bones or deeper muscles.

Key Muscles

Biceps Brachii: Composed of two heads (bi-) in the arm (brachii).
Brachioradialis: Muscle connecting the arm (branchi/o) with the forearm bone (radi/o).
Extensor Digitorum: Muscle responsible for straightening digits (extens/o), actively produces movement.
Flexor Halluces Brevis: Short muscle that flexes the big toe (halluces).
Gluteus Maximus: Large muscle of the buttocks (gluteus).
Rectus Abdominis: Muscle that runs straight up and down in the abdomen.

Movement Terminology

Flexion: Bending a joint to decrease the angle between body parts (flex/o).
Extension: Straightening a joint to increase the angle (extens/o).
Abduction: Movement away from the body’s midline (ab-).
Adduction: Movement toward the midline (ad-).
Rotation: Moving a body part around its axis.

Procedures and Conditions

Myorrhaphy: Surgical procedure to suture torn muscle.
Tenorrhaphy: Surgical procedure to suture torn tendon.
Fibromyalgia: Chronic pain in specific muscle trigger points, cause often unidentified.
Supination: Lying on the back or turning the palm upward (supinat/o).
Pronation: Lying facedown or turning the palm downward (pronat/o).
Eversion: Movement of a body part outward, away from the midline.
Inversion: Movement of a body part inward, towards the midline.

Muscle Diseases

Myasthenia Gravis: Condition characterized by abnormal fatigue in facial muscles (asthen/o).
Myopathy: Encompasses various muscle diseases.
Myositis: Inflammation of muscle leads to localized swelling and tenderness.
Polymyositis: A chronic progressive inflammatory muscle disease.

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Description

This quiz features flashcards from Chapter 9 of medical terminology, focusing on muscle-related terms and their definitions. Each card highlights important prefixes, roots, and suffixes to enhance your understanding of medical language. Perfect for students preparing for exams or wanting to broaden their medical vocabulary.