Muscle and Strength Word Roots Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following word roots refers to muscle?

  • B) Myco/o
  • C) Sacr/o
  • A) Myo/o (correct)
  • D) Sthen/o

    • Which of the following word roots refers to strength?

  • D) Sthen/o (correct)
  • B) Muscul/o
  • A) Myo/o
  • C) Sacr/o

    • Which of the following word roots refers to the flesh?

  • C) Sarc/o (correct)
  • A) Myo/o
  • B) Muscul/o
  • D) Sthen/o

    • Which of the following terms refers to the attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts?

    <p>B) Origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms refers to the attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts?

    <p>Insertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms refers to a muscle that has an origin and insertion located in the same body region?

    <p>Intrinsic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term extrinsic refer to in regard to muscle?

    <p>A muscle that has an origin and insertion located in different body regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following terms refers to a muscle that has an origin and insertion located in different body regions?

    <p>B) Extrinsic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term intrinsic describe in regard to muscle attachment?

    <p>A) The attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term extrinsic describe in regard to muscle attachment?

    <p>B) The attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does move when the muscle contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the definition of a fixator?

    <p>A muscle that holds an origin stable for another muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the definition of a prime mover?

    <p>The main muscle that performs an action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the definition of a synergist?

    <p>A muscle that has the same action as the prime mover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a muscle that holds an origin stable for another muscle?

    <p>A) Fixator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to muscles that have the same action?

    <p>B) Synergists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to muscles that have opposite actions?

    <p>D) Antagonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes moving a body part toward the midline?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the main muscle that performs an action?

    <p>Prime mover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a person stands on their tiptoes with their heels off the floor, what action are they performing?

    <p>Plantar flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle action describes raising the shoulders or closing the jaw?

    <p>Elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle action means to make a circle with part of the body?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a person rotates the soles of their feet away from one another, what action are they performing?

    <p>Eversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle action describes moving a body part toward the midline?

    <p>Medial excursion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle action means to spin on an axis?

    <p>Rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a person stands on their heels with their toes pointing up, what action are they performing?

    <p>Dorsiflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle action describes bringing the thumb into the palm?

    <p>B) Reposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle action describes raising the shoulders or closing the jaw?

    <p>C) Elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A hitchhiker is performing what muscle action with their thumb when trying to 'thumb' a ride?

    <p>A) Opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle action describes rotating the soles of the feet away from each other?

    <p>Eversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you can hold soup in the palm of your hand without spilling it, what muscle action are you performing?

    <p>Supination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle action means to make a circle with part of the body?

    <p>Circumduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle action means to spin on an axis?

    <p>Rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle action describes bringing the thumb into the palm?

    <p>Opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A hitchhiker is performing what muscle action with their thumb when trying to 'thumb' a ride?

    <p>Opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle action describes bringing the thumb into the palm?

    <p>A) Opposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle action describes raising the shoulders or closing the jaw?

    <p>C) Elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle action describes rotating the soles of the feet away from each other?

    <p>B) Reposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle action describes lowering the shoulders or opening the jaw?

    <p>Depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a muscle of the head or neck?

    <p>Pectoralis major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not found in the thorax or abdomen?

    <p>Orbicularis Oris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles does not originate on the ribs?

    <p>External abdominal oblique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the rectus abdominus?

    <p>To compress the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

    <p>Humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following extends and laterally rotates the hip?

    <p>Gluteus maximus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of muscle contraction involves thick myofilaments grabbing thin myofilaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere?

    <p>C) Sliding filament theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a power stroke?

    <p>C) Myosin pulling on actin to draw Z-lines toward the center, shortening the sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of muscle contraction involves thick myofilaments grabbing thin myofilaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere?

    <p>C) Sliding filament theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the abdominal wall?

    <p>Pectoralis major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle does not originate on the ribs?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the gluteus maximus?

    <p>To extend and laterally rotate the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is not part of the hamstring group?

    <p>Gracilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles do not originate on the femur?

    <p>Rectus femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles perform hip adduction?

    <p>Gracilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle dorsiflexes and inverts the foot?

    <p>Tibialis anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles inserts on the metacarpals and the carpals?

    <p>Extensor carpi ulnaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the forearm, where do all the flexors originate?

    <p>At the medial epicondyle of the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the sartorius?

    <p>To flex the knee and adduct the hip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is the cell membrane of a muscle fiber called?

    <p>Sarcolemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the functional units of a skeletal muscle fiber?

    <p>Sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Z-lines form the ends of what structure?

    <p>Sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about sarcomeres is false?

    <p>Only thick myofilaments attach to Z-lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot?

    <p>Tibialis anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the connective tissue that surrounds a fascicle in a skeletal muscle?

    <p>Perimysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle called?

    <p>Epimysium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of muscle contraction involves thick myofilaments grabbing thin myofilaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere?

    <p>Sliding filament theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a power stroke?

    <p>Myosin pulling on actin to draw Z-lines toward the center, shortening the sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What theory of muscle contraction involves the threshold amount of acetylcholine fitting into receptors for a muscle's response to nerve stimulation?

    <p>Cross-bridge theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures form the ends of a sarcomere?

    <p>Sarcomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about sarcomeres is false?

    <p>Only thick myofilaments attach to Z-lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the ability of a muscle cell to be stretched and return to its original shape?

    <p>Extensibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Word Roots

    • Myo- refers to muscle
    • -sthen refers to strength
    • Sarco- refers to flesh

    Muscle Attachments

    • Origin: Attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts
    • Insertion: Attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does move when the muscle contracts
    • Intrinsic: A muscle with an origin and insertion located in the same body region
    • Extrinsic: A muscle with an origin and insertion located in different body regions

    Muscle Actions

    • Fixator: A muscle that stabilizes an origin for another muscle
    • Prime mover: The main muscle performing an action
    • Synergist: Muscles that have the same action
    • Antagonist: Muscles that have opposite actions

    Muscle Movement Terms

    • Adduction: Moving a body part toward the midline
    • Abduction: Moving a body part away from the midline
    • Extension: Straightening a joint, increasing the angle
    • Flexion: Bending a joint, decreasing the angle
    • Rotation: Spinning on an axis
    • Circumduction: Making a circle with part of the body
    • Dorsiflexion: Moving the foot upward, toes pointing upwards
    • Plantarflexion: Moving the foot downward, toes pointing downwards
    • Opposition: Bringing the thumb into the palm

    Head & Neck Muscles

    • Temporalis is not a muscle of the head or neck

    Thorax & Abdomen Muscles

    • Pectoralis minor is not found in the thorax or abdomen
    • Serratus anterior does not originate on the ribs
    • Rectus Abdominus: Functions to flex the vertebral column
    • Pectoralis Major: Inserts on the humerus
    • Gluteus Maximus: Extends and laterally rotates the hip

    Muscle Contraction

    • Sliding Filament Theory: Thick myofilaments (myosin) grab thin myofilaments (actin) and pull them toward the center of the sarcomere
    • Power stroke: The pulling of the actin filament by the myosin head

    Lower Limb Muscles

    • Transversus abdominus is not part of the abdominal wall
    • Serratus anterior does not originate on the ribs
    • Biceps femoris is not part of the hamstring group
    • Gracilis, Adductor brevis, Adductor longus, Adductor magnus are all involved in hip adduction
    • Tibialis anterior dorsiflexes and inverts the foot
    • Extensor digitorum is not part of the hamstring group
    • Sartorius is not a muscle of the hamstring group

    Forearm Muscles

    • Extensor digitorum, Flexor digitorum superficialis, and Flexor digitorum profundus muscles all insert on the metacarpals and the carpals in the hand
    • All flexors of the forearm originate on the humerus

    Muscle Anatomy

    • Sarcolemma: The cell membrane of a muscle fiber

    • Sarcomere: The functional units of skeletal muscle fibers

    • Z-lines: Form the ends of a sarcomere

    • Perimysium: The connective tissue that surrounds a fascicle (bundle of muscle fibers) in a skeletal muscle

    • Epimesium: The layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle

    • Sliding Filament Theory: Thick myofilaments (myosin) grab thin myofilaments (actin) and pull them toward the center of the sarcomere

    • Power Stroke: The pulling of the actin filament by the myosin head

    • Acetylcholine Receptor Theory: The threshold amount of acetylcholine must fit into receptors for a muscle to respond to nerve stimulation

    • Sarcomeres: The smallest functional unit of a muscle fiber. They are responsible for muscle contraction.

    • Elasticity: The ability of a muscle cell to be stretched and return to its original shape

    • Tibialis anterior is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of word roots related to muscles and strength in this quiz. Identify the correct word root for muscle, strength, flesh, and muscle attachment.

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