Muscle and Strength Word Roots Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following word roots refers to muscle?

B) Myco/o

C) Sacr/o

A) Myo/o (correct)

D) Sthen/o

Which of the following word roots refers to strength?

D) Sthen/o (correct)

B) Muscul/o

A) Myo/o

C) Sacr/o

Which of the following word roots refers to the flesh?

C) Sarc/o (correct)

A) Myo/o

B) Muscul/o

D) Sthen/o

Which of the following terms refers to the attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts?

B) Origin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to the attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts?

Insertion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to a muscle that has an origin and insertion located in the same body region?

Intrinsic Signup and view all the answers

What does the term extrinsic refer to in regard to muscle?

A muscle that has an origin and insertion located in different body regions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to a muscle that has an origin and insertion located in different body regions?

B) Extrinsic Signup and view all the answers

What does the term intrinsic describe in regard to muscle attachment?

A) The attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts Signup and view all the answers

What does the term extrinsic describe in regard to muscle attachment?

B) The attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does move when the muscle contracts Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the definition of a fixator?

A muscle that holds an origin stable for another muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the definition of a prime mover?

The main muscle that performs an action Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the definition of a synergist?

A muscle that has the same action as the prime mover Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a muscle that holds an origin stable for another muscle?

A) Fixator Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to muscles that have the same action?

B) Synergists Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to muscles that have opposite actions?

D) Antagonists Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes moving a body part toward the midline?

Adduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the main muscle that performs an action?

Prime mover Signup and view all the answers

If a person stands on their tiptoes with their heels off the floor, what action are they performing?

Plantar flexion Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action describes raising the shoulders or closing the jaw?

Elevation Signup and view all the answers

What muscle action means to make a circle with part of the body?

Circumduction Signup and view all the answers

If a person rotates the soles of their feet away from one another, what action are they performing?

Eversion Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action describes moving a body part toward the midline?

Medial excursion Signup and view all the answers

What muscle action means to spin on an axis?

Rotation Signup and view all the answers

If a person stands on their heels with their toes pointing up, what action are they performing?

Dorsiflexion Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action describes bringing the thumb into the palm?

B) Reposition Signup and view all the answers

What muscle action describes raising the shoulders or closing the jaw?

C) Elevation Signup and view all the answers

A hitchhiker is performing what muscle action with their thumb when trying to 'thumb' a ride?

A) Opposition Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action describes rotating the soles of the feet away from each other?

Eversion Signup and view all the answers

If you can hold soup in the palm of your hand without spilling it, what muscle action are you performing?

Supination Signup and view all the answers

What muscle action means to make a circle with part of the body?

Circumduction Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action means to spin on an axis?

Rotation Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action describes bringing the thumb into the palm?

Opposition Signup and view all the answers

A hitchhiker is performing what muscle action with their thumb when trying to 'thumb' a ride?

Opposition Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action describes bringing the thumb into the palm?

A) Opposition Signup and view all the answers

What muscle action describes raising the shoulders or closing the jaw?

C) Elevation Signup and view all the answers

What muscle action describes rotating the soles of the feet away from each other?

B) Reposition Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action describes lowering the shoulders or opening the jaw?

Depression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a muscle of the head or neck?

Pectoralis major Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not found in the thorax or abdomen?

Orbicularis Oris Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles does not originate on the ribs?

External abdominal oblique Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rectus abdominus?

To compress the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following extends and laterally rotates the hip?

Gluteus maximus Signup and view all the answers

Which theory of muscle contraction involves thick myofilaments grabbing thin myofilaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere?

C) Sliding filament theory Signup and view all the answers

What is a power stroke?

C) Myosin pulling on actin to draw Z-lines toward the center, shortening the sarcomere Signup and view all the answers

Which theory of muscle contraction involves thick myofilaments grabbing thin myofilaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere?

C) Sliding filament theory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the abdominal wall?

Pectoralis major Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle does not originate on the ribs?

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the gluteus maximus?

To extend and laterally rotate the hip Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is not part of the hamstring group?

Gracilis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles do not originate on the femur?

Rectus femoris Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles perform hip adduction?

Gracilis Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle dorsiflexes and inverts the foot?

Tibialis anterior Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles inserts on the metacarpals and the carpals?

Extensor carpi ulnaris Signup and view all the answers

In the forearm, where do all the flexors originate?

At the medial epicondyle of the humerus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the sartorius?

To flex the knee and adduct the hip Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is the cell membrane of a muscle fiber called?

Sarcolemma Signup and view all the answers

What are the functional units of a skeletal muscle fiber?

Sarcomere Signup and view all the answers

Z-lines form the ends of what structure?

Sarcomere Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about sarcomeres is false?

Only thick myofilaments attach to Z-lines. Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot?

Tibialis anterior Signup and view all the answers

What is the connective tissue that surrounds a fascicle in a skeletal muscle?

Perimysium Signup and view all the answers

What is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle called?

Epimysium Signup and view all the answers

Which theory of muscle contraction involves thick myofilaments grabbing thin myofilaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere?

Sliding filament theory Signup and view all the answers

What is a power stroke?

Myosin pulling on actin to draw Z-lines toward the center, shortening the sarcomere Signup and view all the answers

What theory of muscle contraction involves the threshold amount of acetylcholine fitting into receptors for a muscle's response to nerve stimulation?

Cross-bridge theory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures form the ends of a sarcomere?

Sarcomere Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about sarcomeres is false?

Only thick myofilaments attach to Z-lines. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the ability of a muscle cell to be stretched and return to its original shape?

Extensibility Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Word Roots

Myo- refers to muscle
-sthen refers to strength
Sarco- refers to flesh

Muscle Attachments

Origin: Attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts
Insertion: Attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does move when the muscle contracts
Intrinsic: A muscle with an origin and insertion located in the same body region
Extrinsic: A muscle with an origin and insertion located in different body regions

Muscle Actions

Fixator: A muscle that stabilizes an origin for another muscle
Prime mover: The main muscle performing an action
Synergist: Muscles that have the same action
Antagonist: Muscles that have opposite actions

Muscle Movement Terms

Adduction: Moving a body part toward the midline
Abduction: Moving a body part away from the midline
Extension: Straightening a joint, increasing the angle
Flexion: Bending a joint, decreasing the angle
Rotation: Spinning on an axis
Circumduction: Making a circle with part of the body
Dorsiflexion: Moving the foot upward, toes pointing upwards
Plantarflexion: Moving the foot downward, toes pointing downwards
Opposition: Bringing the thumb into the palm

Head & Neck Muscles

Temporalis is not a muscle of the head or neck

Thorax & Abdomen Muscles

Pectoralis minor is not found in the thorax or abdomen
Serratus anterior does not originate on the ribs
Rectus Abdominus: Functions to flex the vertebral column
Pectoralis Major: Inserts on the humerus
Gluteus Maximus: Extends and laterally rotates the hip

Muscle Contraction

Sliding Filament Theory: Thick myofilaments (myosin) grab thin myofilaments (actin) and pull them toward the center of the sarcomere
Power stroke: The pulling of the actin filament by the myosin head

Lower Limb Muscles

Transversus abdominus is not part of the abdominal wall
Serratus anterior does not originate on the ribs
Biceps femoris is not part of the hamstring group
Gracilis, Adductor brevis, Adductor longus, Adductor magnus are all involved in hip adduction
Tibialis anterior dorsiflexes and inverts the foot
Extensor digitorum is not part of the hamstring group
Sartorius is not a muscle of the hamstring group

Forearm Muscles

Extensor digitorum, Flexor digitorum superficialis, and Flexor digitorum profundus muscles all insert on the metacarpals and the carpals in the hand
All flexors of the forearm originate on the humerus

Muscle Anatomy

Sarcolemma: The cell membrane of a muscle fiber
Sarcomere: The functional units of skeletal muscle fibers
Z-lines: Form the ends of a sarcomere
Perimysium: The connective tissue that surrounds a fascicle (bundle of muscle fibers) in a skeletal muscle
Epimesium: The layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle
Sliding Filament Theory: Thick myofilaments (myosin) grab thin myofilaments (actin) and pull them toward the center of the sarcomere
Power Stroke: The pulling of the actin filament by the myosin head
Acetylcholine Receptor Theory: The threshold amount of acetylcholine must fit into receptors for a muscle to respond to nerve stimulation
Sarcomeres: The smallest functional unit of a muscle fiber. They are responsible for muscle contraction.
Elasticity: The ability of a muscle cell to be stretched and return to its original shape
Tibialis anterior is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot.

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Test your knowledge of word roots related to muscles and strength in this quiz. Identify the correct word root for muscle, strength, flesh, and muscle attachment.

Muscle and Strength Word Roots Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following word roots refers to muscle?

Which of the following word roots refers to strength?

Which of the following word roots refers to the flesh?

Which of the following terms refers to the attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts?

Which of the following terms refers to the attachment of a muscle to the bone or structure that does not move when the muscle contracts?

Which of the following terms refers to a muscle that has an origin and insertion located in the same body region?

What does the term extrinsic refer to in regard to muscle?

Which of the following terms refers to a muscle that has an origin and insertion located in different body regions?

What does the term intrinsic describe in regard to muscle attachment?

What does the term extrinsic describe in regard to muscle attachment?

Which of the following is the definition of a fixator?

Which of the following is the definition of a prime mover?

Which of the following is the definition of a synergist?

Which term refers to a muscle that holds an origin stable for another muscle?

Which term refers to muscles that have the same action?

Which term refers to muscles that have opposite actions?

Which term describes moving a body part toward the midline?

What is the term for the main muscle that performs an action?

If a person stands on their tiptoes with their heels off the floor, what action are they performing?

Which muscle action describes raising the shoulders or closing the jaw?

What muscle action means to make a circle with part of the body?

If a person rotates the soles of their feet away from one another, what action are they performing?

Which muscle action describes moving a body part toward the midline?

What muscle action means to spin on an axis?

If a person stands on their heels with their toes pointing up, what action are they performing?

Which muscle action describes bringing the thumb into the palm?

What muscle action describes raising the shoulders or closing the jaw?

A hitchhiker is performing what muscle action with their thumb when trying to 'thumb' a ride?

Which muscle action describes rotating the soles of the feet away from each other?

If you can hold soup in the palm of your hand without spilling it, what muscle action are you performing?

What muscle action means to make a circle with part of the body?

Which muscle action means to spin on an axis?

Which muscle action describes bringing the thumb into the palm?

A hitchhiker is performing what muscle action with their thumb when trying to 'thumb' a ride?

Which muscle action describes bringing the thumb into the palm?

What muscle action describes raising the shoulders or closing the jaw?

What muscle action describes rotating the soles of the feet away from each other?

Which muscle action describes lowering the shoulders or opening the jaw?

Which of the following is not a muscle of the head or neck?

Which of the following is not found in the thorax or abdomen?

Which of the following muscles does not originate on the ribs?

What is the function of the rectus abdominus?

What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

Which of the following extends and laterally rotates the hip?

Which theory of muscle contraction involves thick myofilaments grabbing thin myofilaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere?

What is a power stroke?

Which theory of muscle contraction involves thick myofilaments grabbing thin myofilaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere?

Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the abdominal wall?

Which muscle does not originate on the ribs?

What is the function of the gluteus maximus?

Which of the following muscles is not part of the hamstring group?

Which of the following muscles do not originate on the femur?

Which of the following muscles perform hip adduction?

Which muscle dorsiflexes and inverts the foot?

Which of the following muscles inserts on the metacarpals and the carpals?

In the forearm, where do all the flexors originate?

What is the function of the sartorius?

Which one of these is the cell membrane of a muscle fiber called?

What are the functional units of a skeletal muscle fiber?

Z-lines form the ends of what structure?

Which of the following statements about sarcomeres is false?

Which muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot?

What is the connective tissue that surrounds a fascicle in a skeletal muscle?

What is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle called?

Which theory of muscle contraction involves thick myofilaments grabbing thin myofilaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere?

What is a power stroke?

What theory of muscle contraction involves the threshold amount of acetylcholine fitting into receptors for a muscle's response to nerve stimulation?

Which of the following structures form the ends of a sarcomere?

Which of the following statements about sarcomeres is false?

Which term describes the ability of a muscle cell to be stretched and return to its original shape?

Study Notes

Word Roots

Muscle Attachments

Muscle Actions

Muscle Movement Terms

Head & Neck Muscles