Medical Terminology Chapter 7 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the nose?

nas/o

What does the term 'somn/o' mean?

sleep

What does 'spir/o' mean?

to breathe

What is referred to by the term 'pharyng/o'?

<p>throat, pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'laryng/o' refer to?

<p>larynx, throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pneum/o' stand for?

<p>lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'ox/o'?

<p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pleur/o' referring to?

<p>pleura</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bronch/o' mean?

<p>bronchus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'phon/o'?

<p>sound or voice</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'trache/o' refer to?

<p>windpipe</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'sinus/o' referring to?

<p>sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pulmon/o' signify?

<p>lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'thorax' refer to?

<p>chest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pnea' mean?

<p>breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

The heart, aorta, esophagus, and trachea are located in the ____________.

<p>mediastinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _________ acts as a lid over the entrance to the laryngopharynx.

<p>epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

The innermost layer of the pleura is known as the ___________.

<p>visceral pleura</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ________ sinuses are located just above the eyebrows.

<p>frontal</p> Signup and view all the answers

The smallest divisions of the bronchial tree are the ________.

<p>bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

During respiration, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place through the walls of the ________.

<p>alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning spitting blood or blood-stained sputum is ________.

<p>hemoptysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lay term for black lung disease due to repeated exposure to air pollution or inhalation of smoke or coal dust particles?

<p>anthracosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term ________ means an abnormally rapid rate of respiration.

<p>tachypnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning any voice impairment is ________.

<p>dysphonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first division of the pharynx is known as the _________.

<p>nasopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

The second division of the pharynx is known as the _________.

<p>oropharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

The third division of the pharynx is known as the _________.

<p>laryngopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the voice box?

<p>larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'internal respiration' refer to?

<p>the exchange of gases within the cells of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lung disease is caused by asbestos particles?

<p>asbestosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What form of pneumonia can be prevented through vaccination?

<p>bacterial pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common term for shortness of breath?

<p>dyspnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the emergency procedure to gain access below a blocked airway called?

<p>tracheotomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

The thick mucus secreted by the tissues that line the respiratory passages is called __________.

<p>phlegm</p> Signup and view all the answers

The medical term meaning an accumulation of pus in a body cavity is _________.

<p>empyema</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical name for the disease commonly known as whooping cough?

<p>pertussis</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ________ nerves stimulate the diaphragm and cause it to contract.

<p>phrenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ is administered to prevent or relieve coughing.

<p>antitussive</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ARDS stand for?

<p>acute respiratory distress syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does CF stand for in a medical context?

<p>cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does FESS stand for?

<p>functional endoscopic sinus surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SIDS stand for in medical terminology?

<p>sudden infant death syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does URI stand for?

<p>upper respiratory infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inhaling a foreign substance into the upper respiratory tract can cause ________ pneumonia.

<p>aspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperventilation mean?

<p>abnormally rapid deep breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

The surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea to insert a breathing tube is called ________.

<p>tracheostomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

The diaphragm is relaxed during ________.

<p>exhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing?

<p>asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning an absence of spontaneous respiration is ________.

<p>apnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx is a/an ________.

<p>laryngospasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pneumorrhagia' mean?

<p>bleeding from the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as 'pleuralgia'?

<p>pain in the pleura or in the side</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a bronchospasm?

<p>a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles that tighten and squeeze the airway shut</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does bronchorrhea refer to?

<p>an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

____ is visible when looking at the back of the mouth.

<p>oropharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

__________ measures physiological activity during sleep, most often performed to detect nocturnal defects in breathing associated with sleep apnea.

<p>polysomnography</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does rhinorrhea mean?

<p>excessive flow of mucus from the nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

A pulse oximeter is a monitor placed inside the ear to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

In atelectasis, the lung fails to expand because there is a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Croup is an allergic reaction to airborne allergens.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hypoxemia is the condition of below normal oxygenation of arterial blood.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Emphysema is the progressive loss of lung function in which the chest sometimes assumes an enlarged barrel shape.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Baby Jamison was born with ________, a genetic disorder in which the lungs are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus.

<p>cystic fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dr. Lee surgically removed a portion of the lung. This procedure is known as a/an ________.

<p>pleurectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wendy Barlow required the surgical removal of her larynx. This procedure is known as a/an ________.

<p>laryngoplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

During his asthma attacks, Jamaal Nelson uses an inhaler containing a ________. This medication expands the opening of the passages into his lungs.

<p>bronchodilator</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each year, Mr. Partin receives a flu shot to prevent what?

<p>influenza</p> Signup and view all the answers

When hit during a fight, Marvin Roper's nose started to bleed. The medical term for this condition is ________.

<p>epistaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the diagnosis of hemothorax indicate?

<p>an accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Duncan McClanahan had a/an ________ performed to correct damage to the septum of his nose.

<p>septoplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for inflammation of the bronchial walls?

<p>aspiration pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ted Coleman required the permanent placement of a breathing tube. The procedure for this placement is called a/an ________.

<p>tracheostomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for an inflammation of the pleura that causes pleurodynia?

<p>pleurisy</p> Signup and view all the answers

The substance ejected through the mouth and used for diagnostic purposes in respiratory disorders is known as ________.

<p>sputum</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning a bluish discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen is ________.

<p>cyanosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for a sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx?

<p>laryngospasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pattern of alternating periods of rapid breathing, slow breathing, and the absence of breathing known as?

<p>Cheyne-Stokes respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

An abnormal discharge from the pharynx is known as ________.

<p>pharyngorrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for inflammation of the lungs?

<p>pneumonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a specialist in the study of the larynx known as?

<p>laryngologist</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bleeding from the larynx is known as ________.

<p>laryngorrhagia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation of both the pharynx and the larynx is known as ________.

<p>laryngopharyngitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Abnormal narrowing of the lumen of the trachea is known as ________.

<p>tracheostenosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical repair of a bronchial defect known as?

<p>bronchoplasty</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the inflammation of the epiglottis refer to?

<p>epiglottitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the inspection of both the trachea and bronchi through a bronchoscope called?

<p>tracheobronchoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does paralysis of the walls of the bronchi refer to?

<p>bronchoplegia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does chronic bronchitis refer to?

<p>Br</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does chronic obstructive pulmonary disease refer to?

<p>COPD</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does endotracheal intubation refer to?

<p>ETT</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperbaric oxygen therapy refer to?

<p>HBOT</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do pulmonary function tests measure?

<p>PFT</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is respiratory failure?

<p>RF</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does tuberculosis refer to?

<p>TB</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Respiratory Anatomy and Terminology

  • nas/o: Refers to the nose, an important structure in the respiratory system.
  • pharyng/o: Indicates the throat or pharynx, a muscular tube connecting the nasal cavity to the esophagus.
  • laryng/o: Pertains to the larynx or voice box, crucial for sound production.
  • pneum/o: Relates to the lungs, essential for gas exchange.
  • bronch/o: Denotes the bronchus, the main passageway into the lungs.
  • pulmon/o: Another term for the lungs, highlighting their role in breathing.

Respiratory Functions

  • spir/o: Means to breathe, a vital function for life.
  • pnea: Relates to breathing, indicating various patterns and types of respiration.
  • internal respiration: The process of gas exchange within body cells.

Conditions and Disorders

  • hemoptysis: Spitting blood or blood-stained sputum, indicating potential lung issues.
  • tachypnea: An abnormally rapid rate of respiration, often a sign of distress.
  • dyspnea: Commonly known as shortness of breath, typically signaling respiratory difficulties.
  • asthma: A chronic disorder characterized by severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.

Surgical Procedures

  • tracheotomy: An emergency procedure to create an opening in the trachea below a blockage.
  • tracheostomy: Surgical creation of a stoma in the trachea for breathing tube placement.
  • bronchoplasty: Surgical repair of a bronchial defect.

Diagnostic Procedures

  • pulmonary function tests (PFT): Measures lung function and capacity for diagnosing respiratory issues.
  • polysomnography: Records physiological activity during sleep, typically for sleep apnea assessment.

Respiratory System Structures

  • alveoli: Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs; crucial for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
  • bronchioles: The smallest branches of the bronchial tree that lead to alveoli.
  • mediastinum: Contains the heart, aorta, esophagus, and trachea, located in the chest.

Pathological Terms

  • pneumonitis: Inflammation of the lung tissue, often due to infection or exposure to irritants.
  • empyema: Accumulation of pus within a body cavity, often associated with infection.
  • pleurisy: Inflammation of the pleura that can cause pain during breathing.

Special Terms

  • Cheyne-Stokes respiration: Pattern of alternating periods of rapid and slow breathing, and periods of apnea.
  • sputum: The substance expelled from the respiratory tract for diagnostic evaluation.
  • cyanosis: A bluish discoloration of the skin due to inadequate oxygen levels.
  • asbestosis: Lung disease caused by inhalation of asbestos particles.
  • anthracosis: Black lung disease resulting from inhalation of coal dust or smoke.

Other Relevant Definitions

  • ox/o: Refers to oxygen, vital for cellular functions.
  • pleur/o: Pertains to the pleura, the membrane surrounding the lungs.
  • sinus/o: Relates to sinuses, air-filled spaces that can become inflamed or infected.

Pediatric and Chronic Conditions

  • cystic fibrosis: A genetic disorder marked by thick mucus accumulation in the lungs, causing breathing difficulties.
  • sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): The unexplained death of a seemingly healthy infant during sleep, often related to breathing issues.

Treatment Options

  • bronchodilator: Medication used to expand the airways during asthma attacks.
  • antitussive: Given to suppress or relieve coughing.

Namespace for Conditions

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A group of lung conditions that block airflow and make breathing difficult.
  • Tuberculosis (TB): A contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key medical terms related to the respiratory system with these flashcards. This quiz covers definitions for words like 'nas/o' (nose) and 'pneum/o' (lung), helping you enhance your understanding of medical language.

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