Medical Terminology Chapter 7 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the term for the nose?

nas/o

What does the term 'somn/o' mean?

sleep

What does 'spir/o' mean?

to breathe

What is referred to by the term 'pharyng/o'?

throat, pharynx Signup and view all the answers

What does 'laryng/o' refer to?

larynx, throat Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pneum/o' stand for?

lung Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'ox/o'?

oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pleur/o' referring to?

pleura Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bronch/o' mean?

bronchus Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'phon/o'?

sound or voice Signup and view all the answers

What does 'trache/o' refer to?

windpipe Signup and view all the answers

What is 'sinus/o' referring to?

sinus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pulmon/o' signify?

lung Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'thorax' refer to?

chest Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pnea' mean?

breathing Signup and view all the answers

The heart, aorta, esophagus, and trachea are located in the ____________.

mediastinum Signup and view all the answers

The _________ acts as a lid over the entrance to the laryngopharynx.

epiglottis Signup and view all the answers

The innermost layer of the pleura is known as the ___________.

visceral pleura Signup and view all the answers

The ________ sinuses are located just above the eyebrows.

frontal Signup and view all the answers

The smallest divisions of the bronchial tree are the ________.

bronchioles Signup and view all the answers

During respiration, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place through the walls of the ________.

alveoli Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning spitting blood or blood-stained sputum is ________.

hemoptysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the lay term for black lung disease due to repeated exposure to air pollution or inhalation of smoke or coal dust particles?

anthracosis Signup and view all the answers

The term ________ means an abnormally rapid rate of respiration.

tachypnea Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning any voice impairment is ________.

dysphonia Signup and view all the answers

The first division of the pharynx is known as the _________.

nasopharynx Signup and view all the answers

The second division of the pharynx is known as the _________.

oropharynx Signup and view all the answers

The third division of the pharynx is known as the _________.

laryngopharynx Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the voice box?

larynx Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'internal respiration' refer to?

the exchange of gases within the cells of the body Signup and view all the answers

What lung disease is caused by asbestos particles?

asbestosis Signup and view all the answers

What form of pneumonia can be prevented through vaccination?

bacterial pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

What is the common term for shortness of breath?

dyspnea Signup and view all the answers

What is the emergency procedure to gain access below a blocked airway called?

tracheotomy Signup and view all the answers

The thick mucus secreted by the tissues that line the respiratory passages is called __________.

phlegm Signup and view all the answers

The medical term meaning an accumulation of pus in a body cavity is _________.

empyema Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical name for the disease commonly known as whooping cough?

pertussis Signup and view all the answers

The ________ nerves stimulate the diaphragm and cause it to contract.

phrenic Signup and view all the answers

______ is administered to prevent or relieve coughing.

antitussive Signup and view all the answers

What does ARDS stand for?

acute respiratory distress syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What does CF stand for in a medical context?

cystic fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

What does FESS stand for?

functional endoscopic sinus surgery Signup and view all the answers

What does SIDS stand for in medical terminology?

sudden infant death syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What does URI stand for?

upper respiratory infection Signup and view all the answers

Inhaling a foreign substance into the upper respiratory tract can cause ________ pneumonia.

aspiration Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperventilation mean?

abnormally rapid deep breathing Signup and view all the answers

The surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea to insert a breathing tube is called ________.

tracheostomy Signup and view all the answers

The diaphragm is relaxed during ________.

exhalation Signup and view all the answers

What is the chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing?

asthma Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning an absence of spontaneous respiration is ________.

apnea Signup and view all the answers

The sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx is a/an ________.

laryngospasm Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pneumorrhagia' mean?

bleeding from the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as 'pleuralgia'?

pain in the pleura or in the side Signup and view all the answers

What is a bronchospasm?

a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles that tighten and squeeze the airway shut Signup and view all the answers

What does bronchorrhea refer to?

an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi Signup and view all the answers

____ is visible when looking at the back of the mouth.

oropharynx Signup and view all the answers

__________ measures physiological activity during sleep, most often performed to detect nocturnal defects in breathing associated with sleep apnea.

polysomnography Signup and view all the answers

What does rhinorrhea mean?

excessive flow of mucus from the nose Signup and view all the answers

A pulse oximeter is a monitor placed inside the ear to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood.

False Signup and view all the answers

In atelectasis, the lung fails to expand because there is a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax.

True Signup and view all the answers

Croup is an allergic reaction to airborne allergens.

False Signup and view all the answers

Hypoxemia is the condition of below normal oxygenation of arterial blood.

True Signup and view all the answers

Emphysema is the progressive loss of lung function in which the chest sometimes assumes an enlarged barrel shape.

True Signup and view all the answers

Baby Jamison was born with ________, a genetic disorder in which the lungs are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus.

cystic fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

Dr. Lee surgically removed a portion of the lung. This procedure is known as a/an ________.

pleurectomy Signup and view all the answers

Wendy Barlow required the surgical removal of her larynx. This procedure is known as a/an ________.

laryngoplasty Signup and view all the answers

During his asthma attacks, Jamaal Nelson uses an inhaler containing a ________. This medication expands the opening of the passages into his lungs.

bronchodilator Signup and view all the answers

Each year, Mr. Partin receives a flu shot to prevent what?

influenza Signup and view all the answers

When hit during a fight, Marvin Roper's nose started to bleed. The medical term for this condition is ________.

epistaxis Signup and view all the answers

What does the diagnosis of hemothorax indicate?

an accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity Signup and view all the answers

Duncan McClanahan had a/an ________ performed to correct damage to the septum of his nose.

septoplasty Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for inflammation of the bronchial walls?

aspiration pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

Ted Coleman required the permanent placement of a breathing tube. The procedure for this placement is called a/an ________.

tracheostomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for an inflammation of the pleura that causes pleurodynia?

pleurisy Signup and view all the answers

The substance ejected through the mouth and used for diagnostic purposes in respiratory disorders is known as ________.

sputum Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning a bluish discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen is ________.

cyanosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for a sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx?

laryngospasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the pattern of alternating periods of rapid breathing, slow breathing, and the absence of breathing known as?

Cheyne-Stokes respiration Signup and view all the answers

An abnormal discharge from the pharynx is known as ________.

pharyngorrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for inflammation of the lungs?

pneumonitis Signup and view all the answers

What is a specialist in the study of the larynx known as?

laryngologist Signup and view all the answers

Bleeding from the larynx is known as ________.

laryngorrhagia Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation of both the pharynx and the larynx is known as ________.

laryngopharyngitis Signup and view all the answers

Abnormal narrowing of the lumen of the trachea is known as ________.

tracheostenosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical repair of a bronchial defect known as?

bronchoplasty Signup and view all the answers

What does the inflammation of the epiglottis refer to?

epiglottitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the inspection of both the trachea and bronchi through a bronchoscope called?

tracheobronchoscopy Signup and view all the answers

What does paralysis of the walls of the bronchi refer to?

bronchoplegia Signup and view all the answers

What does chronic bronchitis refer to?

Br Signup and view all the answers

What does chronic obstructive pulmonary disease refer to?

COPD Signup and view all the answers

What does endotracheal intubation refer to?

ETT Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperbaric oxygen therapy refer to?

HBOT Signup and view all the answers

What do pulmonary function tests measure?

PFT Signup and view all the answers

What is respiratory failure?

RF Signup and view all the answers

What does tuberculosis refer to?

TB Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Respiratory Anatomy and Terminology

nas/o: Refers to the nose, an important structure in the respiratory system.
pharyng/o: Indicates the throat or pharynx, a muscular tube connecting the nasal cavity to the esophagus.
laryng/o: Pertains to the larynx or voice box, crucial for sound production.
pneum/o: Relates to the lungs, essential for gas exchange.
bronch/o: Denotes the bronchus, the main passageway into the lungs.
pulmon/o: Another term for the lungs, highlighting their role in breathing.

Respiratory Functions

spir/o: Means to breathe, a vital function for life.
pnea: Relates to breathing, indicating various patterns and types of respiration.
internal respiration: The process of gas exchange within body cells.

Conditions and Disorders

hemoptysis: Spitting blood or blood-stained sputum, indicating potential lung issues.
tachypnea: An abnormally rapid rate of respiration, often a sign of distress.
dyspnea: Commonly known as shortness of breath, typically signaling respiratory difficulties.
asthma: A chronic disorder characterized by severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.

Surgical Procedures

tracheotomy: An emergency procedure to create an opening in the trachea below a blockage.
tracheostomy: Surgical creation of a stoma in the trachea for breathing tube placement.
bronchoplasty: Surgical repair of a bronchial defect.

Diagnostic Procedures

pulmonary function tests (PFT): Measures lung function and capacity for diagnosing respiratory issues.
polysomnography: Records physiological activity during sleep, typically for sleep apnea assessment.

Respiratory System Structures

alveoli: Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs; crucial for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
bronchioles: The smallest branches of the bronchial tree that lead to alveoli.
mediastinum: Contains the heart, aorta, esophagus, and trachea, located in the chest.

Pathological Terms

pneumonitis: Inflammation of the lung tissue, often due to infection or exposure to irritants.
empyema: Accumulation of pus within a body cavity, often associated with infection.
pleurisy: Inflammation of the pleura that can cause pain during breathing.

Special Terms

Cheyne-Stokes respiration: Pattern of alternating periods of rapid and slow breathing, and periods of apnea.
sputum: The substance expelled from the respiratory tract for diagnostic evaluation.
cyanosis: A bluish discoloration of the skin due to inadequate oxygen levels.

asbestosis: Lung disease caused by inhalation of asbestos particles.
anthracosis: Black lung disease resulting from inhalation of coal dust or smoke.

Other Relevant Definitions

ox/o: Refers to oxygen, vital for cellular functions.
pleur/o: Pertains to the pleura, the membrane surrounding the lungs.
sinus/o: Relates to sinuses, air-filled spaces that can become inflamed or infected.

Pediatric and Chronic Conditions

cystic fibrosis: A genetic disorder marked by thick mucus accumulation in the lungs, causing breathing difficulties.
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): The unexplained death of a seemingly healthy infant during sleep, often related to breathing issues.

Treatment Options

bronchodilator: Medication used to expand the airways during asthma attacks.
antitussive: Given to suppress or relieve coughing.

Namespace for Conditions

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A group of lung conditions that block airflow and make breathing difficult.
Tuberculosis (TB): A contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge of key medical terms related to the respiratory system with these flashcards. This quiz covers definitions for words like 'nas/o' (nose) and 'pneum/o' (lung), helping you enhance your understanding of medical language.