Medical Terminology Chapter 6

Questions and Answers

What is the condition characterized by inflammation of a joint?

Arthrocentesis

Arthritis (correct)

Osteoporosis

Gout

What is arthrocentesis?

Surgical procedure to remove joint fluid.

Osteoporosis is characterized by an increase in the density of bones.

False

What is kyphosis?

Exaggerated thoracic curvature resulting in a 'humpback' appearance. Signup and view all the answers

What defines scoliosis?

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Signup and view all the answers

What is lordosis?

An abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine. Signup and view all the answers

What does arthralgia mean?

Joint pain. Signup and view all the answers

What causes carpal tunnel syndrome?

Compression of the median nerve by the carpal ligament. Signup and view all the answers

What is gout?

A hereditary metabolic disease marked by joint inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

What is osteoarthritis?

The most common type of arthritis in the US, characterized by inflammation of the bone and joint. Signup and view all the answers

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

A chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation. Signup and view all the answers

What does flexion refer to?

Bending a limb. Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of extending a limb?

Straightening a flexed limb. Signup and view all the answers

What is circumduction?

Moving a body part in a circular motion. Signup and view all the answers

What is abduction?

Moving a body part away from the midline. Signup and view all the answers

What is adduction?

Moving a body part toward the midline. Signup and view all the answers

What does protraction involve?

Moving a body part forward. Signup and view all the answers

What is retraction?

Moving a body part backward. Signup and view all the answers

What does rotation mean in terms of body movement?

Moving a body part around a central axis. Signup and view all the answers

What is dorsiflexion?

Bending a body part backward. Signup and view all the answers

What does pronation describe?

Lying face downward or turning the palm downward. Signup and view all the answers

What is supination?

Lying face upward or turning the palm or foot upward. Signup and view all the answers

What does eversion mean?

Turning outward. Signup and view all the answers

What is inversion?

Turning inward. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Joint Conditions and Procedures

Arthritis: Inflammation of joints due to injury, autoimmune disease, or wear and tear.
Arthrocentesis: Surgical procedure for joint fluid removal, used for diagnosis or treatment.
Osteoarthritis (OA): Most common arthritis type in individuals over 55, characterized by inflammation of bones and joints. More prevalent in women.
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): Chronic autoimmune condition leading to joint inflammation, stiffness, pain, and potential deformities.
Gout: Metabolic hereditary disease causing acute arthritis due to hyperuricemia, primarily affecting the great toe but also other joints.

Spine and Postural Conditions

Kyphosis: Exaggerated thoracic curvature, often due to congenital defects or diseases, leading to a "humpback" appearance.
Scoliosis: Abnormal lateral spinal curvature resulting in trunk asymmetry and unevenness in shoulders and hips.
Lordosis: Excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar spine, commonly known as swayback.

Pain and Symptoms

Arthralgia: General term for joint pain.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Caused by median nerve compression, characterized by pain, tingling, and numbness at the wrist.

Body Movements and Positions

Flexion: Bending a limb.
Extension: Straightening a flexed limb.
Circumduction: Circular movement of a body part.
Abduction: Moving a body part away from the midline.
Adduction: Moving a body part towards the midline.
Protraction: Forward movement of a body part.
Retraction: Backward movement of a body part.
Rotation: Circular movement around a central axis.
Dorsiflexion: Bending a body part backward.
Pronation: Lying face down or turning the palm downward.
Supination: Lying face up or turning the palm or foot upward.
Eversion: Turning a body part outward.
Inversion: Turning a body part inward.

Bone Density and Health

Osteoporosis: Condition marked by decreased bone density, leading to fragile bones and increased fracture risk. Accelerated in women post-menopause due to reduced estrogen levels.

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Test your knowledge with flashcards on Chapter 6 of Medical Terminology. This chapter covers essential terms related to joint conditions and procedures, enhancing your understanding of the medical field. Perfect for students and professionals alike!