Medical Terminology Chapter 6
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Questions and Answers

What is the condition characterized by inflammation of a joint?

  • Arthrocentesis
  • Arthritis (correct)
  • Osteoporosis
  • Gout

    • What is arthrocentesis?

    Surgical procedure to remove joint fluid.

    Osteoporosis is characterized by an increase in the density of bones.

    False

    What is kyphosis?

    <p>Exaggerated thoracic curvature resulting in a 'humpback' appearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines scoliosis?

    <p>An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lordosis?

    <p>An abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does arthralgia mean?

    <p>Joint pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes carpal tunnel syndrome?

    <p>Compression of the median nerve by the carpal ligament.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is gout?

    <p>A hereditary metabolic disease marked by joint inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is osteoarthritis?

    <p>The most common type of arthritis in the US, characterized by inflammation of the bone and joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is rheumatoid arthritis?

    <p>A chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does flexion refer to?

    <p>Bending a limb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of extending a limb?

    <p>Straightening a flexed limb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is circumduction?

    <p>Moving a body part in a circular motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is abduction?

    <p>Moving a body part away from the midline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is adduction?

    <p>Moving a body part toward the midline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does protraction involve?

    <p>Moving a body part forward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is retraction?

    <p>Moving a body part backward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does rotation mean in terms of body movement?

    <p>Moving a body part around a central axis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dorsiflexion?

    <p>Bending a body part backward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pronation describe?

    <p>Lying face downward or turning the palm downward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is supination?

    <p>Lying face upward or turning the palm or foot upward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does eversion mean?

    <p>Turning outward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is inversion?

    <p>Turning inward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Joint Conditions and Procedures

    • Arthritis: Inflammation of joints due to injury, autoimmune disease, or wear and tear.
    • Arthrocentesis: Surgical procedure for joint fluid removal, used for diagnosis or treatment.
    • Osteoarthritis (OA): Most common arthritis type in individuals over 55, characterized by inflammation of bones and joints. More prevalent in women.
    • Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): Chronic autoimmune condition leading to joint inflammation, stiffness, pain, and potential deformities.
    • Gout: Metabolic hereditary disease causing acute arthritis due to hyperuricemia, primarily affecting the great toe but also other joints.

    Spine and Postural Conditions

    • Kyphosis: Exaggerated thoracic curvature, often due to congenital defects or diseases, leading to a "humpback" appearance.
    • Scoliosis: Abnormal lateral spinal curvature resulting in trunk asymmetry and unevenness in shoulders and hips.
    • Lordosis: Excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar spine, commonly known as swayback.

    Pain and Symptoms

    • Arthralgia: General term for joint pain.
    • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Caused by median nerve compression, characterized by pain, tingling, and numbness at the wrist.

    Body Movements and Positions

    • Flexion: Bending a limb.
    • Extension: Straightening a flexed limb.
    • Circumduction: Circular movement of a body part.
    • Abduction: Moving a body part away from the midline.
    • Adduction: Moving a body part towards the midline.
    • Protraction: Forward movement of a body part.
    • Retraction: Backward movement of a body part.
    • Rotation: Circular movement around a central axis.
    • Dorsiflexion: Bending a body part backward.
    • Pronation: Lying face down or turning the palm downward.
    • Supination: Lying face up or turning the palm or foot upward.
    • Eversion: Turning a body part outward.
    • Inversion: Turning a body part inward.

    Bone Density and Health

    • Osteoporosis: Condition marked by decreased bone density, leading to fragile bones and increased fracture risk. Accelerated in women post-menopause due to reduced estrogen levels.

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    Test your knowledge with flashcards on Chapter 6 of Medical Terminology. This chapter covers essential terms related to joint conditions and procedures, enhancing your understanding of the medical field. Perfect for students and professionals alike!

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