Medical Terminology Chapter 5 Review
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of thoracentesis?

surgical puncture of the chest

What does acrodermatitis refer to?

skin inflammation of the extremes

What is laparascopy?

examination through the abdominal wall

What does dextropedal mean?

<p>pertaining to the right foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of caudal?

<p>towards the tail</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does macropodia refer to?

<p>excessive size of the feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does subdermal mean?

<p>beneath the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is macrocephaly?

<p>abnormal largeness of the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of celiotomy?

<p>incision of the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does circumcision mean?

<p>circular cut</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundus?

<p>base of a hollow organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a meatus?

<p>passage or opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the lumen?

<p>central opening of a tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does sphincter mean?

<p>circular muscle that regulates an opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a septum?

<p>dividing wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cranial and spinal cavities are the ventral body cavities.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left parts.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The wrist is proximal to the elbow.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

A transverse plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The abdominal cavity is inferior to the pelvic cavity.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The hypogastric region is inferior to the umbilical region.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

When B.K. in the opening case study was lying in the supine position, he was lying face down.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The right hypochondriac region is in the RUQ.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does celiac refer to?

<p>abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does phalangeal refer to?

<p>finger or toe</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does popliteal refer to?

<p>back of knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does occipital refer to?

<p>base of skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does carpal refer to?

<p>wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cervical refer to?

<p>neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does lumbar refer to?

<p>small of back</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does brachial refer to?

<p>arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a laparoscope?

<p>instrument for viewing the peritoneal cavity through the abdominal wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does suprapubic mean?

<p>above the pubis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does infraumbilical mean?

<p>below the umbilicus (navel)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cerviofacial refer to?

<p>pertaining to the neck and face</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does sublingual mean?

<p>under the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does retroperitoneal mean?

<p>behind the peritoneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does bipedal mean?

<p>having two feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the same as posterior?

<p>dorsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the same as circumocular?

<p>periocular</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the same as submammary?

<p>inframammary</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the same as ventral?

<p>anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of microcephaly?

<p>megacephaly, macrocephaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of deep?

<p>superficial</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of proximal?

<p>distal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of subscapular?

<p>suprascapular</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of extracellular?

<p>intracellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of superior?

<p>inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which word part does NOT fit?

<p>cervic/o</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which word part does NOT fit?

<p>cervical region</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which word part does NOT fit?

<p>transverse</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which word part does NOT fit?

<p>spinal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a cramp for a finger or toe called?

<p>dactylospasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does infrathoracic mean?

<p>below the chest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does intrathoracic mean?

<p>inside the chest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition of having extra fingers or toes called?

<p>polydactyly</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is fusion of the fingers or toes called?

<p>syndactyly</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cephalothoracic mean?

<p>pertaining to the head and chest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does adactyly mean?

<p>absence of a finger or toe</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does intracephalic mean?

<p>within the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does acephaly mean?

<p>absence of a head</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of mesocephalic?

<p>having an average size head; normocephalic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does acrocyanosis mean?

<p>bluish discoloration of the hands or feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does antebrachial refer to?

<p>pertaining to the forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does epigastric mean?

<p>pertaining to the epigastrium, the uppermost region of the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Key Terms

  • Thoracentesis: Surgical procedure to puncture the chest for fluid removal or examination.
  • Acrodermatitis: Inflammation of the skin, typically in the extremities (hands and feet).
  • Laparoscopy: Diagnostic examination of the abdominal cavity through small incisions in the abdominal wall.
  • Dextropedal: Relating specifically to the right foot.
  • Caudal: Anatomical term indicating a position towards the tail or lower body.
  • Macropodia: Condition characterized by unusually large feet.
  • Subdermal: Referring to the layer beneath the skin.
  • Macrocephaly: Medical condition involving an abnormally large head size.
  • Celiotomy: Surgical incision made in the abdominal wall to access the abdominal cavity.
  • Circumcision: Surgical procedure involving a circular cut, often performed on the foreskin of the penis.
  • Fundus: The base of a hollow organ; important in anatomy for organs like the stomach and uterus.
  • Meatus: Term for a passage or opening, particularly in biological systems.
  • Lumen: The central cavity or channel within a tube-like structure (e.g., blood vessels).
  • Sphincter: Circular muscle that controls the opening and closing of bodily passages.
  • Septum: A dividing wall or membrane, often found in cavities such as the heart or nasal passages.

Anatomical Positioning and Directions

  • The cranial and spinal cavities are classified as dorsal body cavities.
  • A midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left halves.
  • The wrist is distally located compared to the elbow, acting as a reference point for anatomical directions.
  • The abdominal cavity is superior to the pelvic cavity, indicating its position above the pelvis.
  • The hypogastric region is located inferior to the umbilical region in abdominal anatomy.
  • In a supine position, an individual lies face up on their back.
  • The right hypochondriac region is positioned in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) of the abdomen.

Body Regions and Terminology

  • Celiac: Pertains to the abdominal area.
  • Phalangeal: Relates to the bones of the fingers or toes.
  • Popliteal: Refers to the area located at the back of the knee.
  • Occipital: Pertaining to the base of the skull.
  • Carpal: Relates to the wrist area.
  • Cervical: Refers to the neck region.
  • Lumbar: Pertaining to the lower back (small of the back).
  • Brachial: Refers to the arm region.

Anatomical References and Comparisons

  • Suprapubic: Means situated above the pubis.
  • Infraumbilical: Refers to the area below the navel or umbilicus.
  • Cerviofacial: Pertaining to both the neck and face.
  • Sublingual: Describes the area under the tongue.
  • Retroperitoneal: Indicates a location behind the peritoneum, which is a membrane lining the abdominal cavity.
  • Bipedal: Describes an organism that walks on two feet.
  • Dorsal: Same as posterior; refers to the back side of the body.
  • Periocular: Same as circumocular; related to the area surrounding the eyes.
  • Inframammary: Another term for submammary; refers to the area beneath the breast.
  • Megacephaly / Macrocephaly: Terms indicating an enlarged head, opposite of microcephaly.
  • Superficial: Opposite of deep; describes structures closer to the surface of the body.
  • Distal: Opposite of proximal; indicates a structure further from the body's center.
  • Suprascapular: Opposite of subscapular; above the shoulder blade.
  • Intracellular: Opposite of extracellular; within a cell.
  • Inferior: Opposite of superior; below another structure in anatomical terms.

Medical Conditions

  • Dactylospasm: Cramping of a finger or toe.
  • Polydactyly: Condition characterized by the presence of extra fingers or toes.
  • Syndactyly: Fusion of fingers or toes, resulting in a webbed appearance.
  • Adactyly: Absence of a finger or toe.
  • Acephaly: A condition where a head is absent.
  • Mesocephalic: Describes an individual with an average-sized head (normocephalic).

Etymology and Word Parts

  • Acro: Prefix denoting extremities or limbs.
  • Cyan/o: Combining form meaning blue, used in conditions like acrocyanosis (bluish discoloration of extremities).
  • Ante-: Prefix meaning before; used in terms like antebrachial (forearm).
  • Epi-: Prefix meaning on or over; used in epigastric (upper abdominal region).

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Description

Test your knowledge of key medical terminology in Chapter 5. This quiz covers important terms and definitions such as 'thoracentesis' and 'acrodermatitis'. Enhance your understanding and retention of medical vocabulary with these flashcards.

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