Medical Terminology Chapter 4
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a bone cell?

  • Osteoblast
  • Osteocyte (correct)
  • Osteopathy
  • Osteotomy

    • What is the definition of immature bone cell?

  • Osteopathy
  • Osteocyte
  • Osteoblast (correct)
  • Osteoclast

    • What is the term for a disease of the bone?

    Osteopathy

    What does osteotomy mean?

    <p>Cutting into the bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an osteotome?

    <p>Instrument to cut bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is osteomyelitis?

    <p>Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does osteomalacia refer to?

    <p>Abnormal softening of bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an osteochondroma?

    <p>Bone and cartilage tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does myopathy mean?

    <p>Muscle disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is myoplasty?

    <p>Surgical repair of muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does osteoporosis mean?

    <p>Porous bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does myorrhaphy refer to?

    <p>Suture of muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an electromyogram?

    <p>Record of muscle electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does myasthenia mean?

    <p>Muscle weakness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is tendynia?

    <p>Tendon pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does tenorrhaphy mean?

    <p>Tendon suture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is arthrodesis?

    <p>To fuse a joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is arthroplasty?

    <p>Surgical repair of a joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does arthrotomy mean?

    <p>Cutting into a joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is arthritis?

    <p>Inflammation of a joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does arthrocentesis imply?

    <p>Puncture to withdraw fluid from a joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does arthralgia mean?

    <p>Pain in the joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is chondrectomy?

    <p>Surgical removal of cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does chondroma refer to?

    <p>Cartilage tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does chondromalacia mean?

    <p>Abnormal softening of cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The suffix '-desis' means _____

    <p>-dysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The suffix '-asthenia' means _____

    <p>-asthenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The suffix '-listhesis' refers to _____

    <p>-listhesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term 'arthroclasia' means to _____

    <p>To surgically break</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does '-kinesia' refer to?

    <p>Movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does '-porosis' imply?

    <p>Porous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is arthroscopy?

    <p>Visual exam of the inside of a joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'intervertebral' mean?

    <p>In between vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition associated with an abnormal lumbar spine curve increase?

    <p>Lordosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does atrophy mean?

    <p>The lack of nourishment and development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is myeloma?

    <p>Bone marrow tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does prosthesis refer to?

    <p>Body part, an artificial substitute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a craniotomy?

    <p>The cutting into the skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does bursitis mean?

    <p>Inflammation of bursa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Osteocyte: Mature bone cell responsible for maintaining bone tissue.
    • Osteoblasts: Immature bone cells that form new bone.
    • Osteopathy: General term for any disease affecting the bone.
    • Osteotomy: Surgical procedure involving cutting into the bone for correction or adjustment.
    • Osteotome: Surgical instrument specifically designed for cutting bone.
    • Osteomyelitis: Inflammation of the bone and its marrow, often due to infection.
    • Osteomalacia: Abnormal softening of bones, typically due to vitamin D deficiency.
    • Osteochondroma: A benign tumor consisting of bone and cartilage.
    • Myopathy: Disease affecting muscle tissue.
    • Myoplasty: Surgical repair or reconstruction of muscle tissue.
    • Myasthenia: Condition characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue.
    • Electromyogram (EMG): Diagnostic test recording the electrical activity of muscles.
    • Tendynia: Pain in a tendon, often due to overuse or injury.
    • Tenorrhaphy: Surgical suture of a tendon.
    • Arthrodesis: Surgical fusion of a joint to eliminate movement and relieve pain.
    • Arthroplasty: Surgical repair or replacement of a joint.
    • Arthrotomy: Surgical procedure involving cutting into a joint.
    • Arthritis: Inflammation of a joint, often causing pain and stiffness.
    • Arthrocentesis: Procedure to withdraw fluid from a joint by puncturing it.
    • Arthralgia: General term for pain in a joint.
    • Chondrectomy: Surgical removal of cartilage.
    • Chondroma: A benign tumor composed of cartilage.
    • Chondromalacia: Abnormal softening of cartilage, commonly affecting knee joints.
    • Chondroplasty: Surgical repair of cartilage.

    Prefixes and Suffixes

    • -desis: Suffix indicating fusion (e.g., arthrodesis).
    • -asthenia: Suffix meaning weakness (e.g., myasthenia).
    • -listhesis: Suffix indicating slipping of a vertebra.
    • -kinesia: Suffix related to movement.
    • -porosis: Suffix related to porous condition, commonly seen in osteoporosis.

    Miscellaneous Anatomical Terms

    • Intracranial: Refers to structures or processes within the skull.
    • Spondylosis: Degenerative condition affecting the vertebrae.
    • Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursa, fluid-filled sacs that cushion joints.
    • Craniotomy: Surgical procedure involving cutting into the skull.
    • Diskectomy: Surgical operation to remove a disc, often in the spine.

    Bone and Joint Anatomical Components

    • Arthr/o, articul/o: Roots meaning joint.
    • Chondr/o: Root meaning cartilage.
    • Myel/o: Root referring to bone marrow or spinal cord.
    • Spondyl/o: Root indicating vertebrae.
    • Cervic/o: Root meaning neck.
    • Cost/o: Root meaning rib.
    • Pelv/o: Root for pelvis.
    • Patell/o: Root referring to the kneecap.

    This summary encapsulates key terms and definitions relevant to medical terminology related to bone, muscle, and joint anatomy.

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    Test your knowledge on key medical terms related to bone structure and diseases with these flashcards from Chapter 4. This quiz covers essential definitions such as osteocyte, osteoblasts, and osteotomy, helping you enhance your medical vocabulary.

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