Medical Terminology Chapter 15: Word Parts (Bones)

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'calc/o' refer to?

Bone marrow

Calcium (correct)

Curvature

Loin

What does 'kyph/o' mean?

Humpback or hunchback

What is 'lamin/o' associated with?

Lamina

What does 'lord/o' signify?

Curve or swayback Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lumb/o' refer to?

Loins or lower back Signup and view all the answers

What does 'myel/o' mean?

Bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

Define 'orth/o'.

Straight Signup and view all the answers

What does 'oste/o' signify?

Bone Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'scoli/o' refer to?

Crooked or bent Signup and view all the answers

What does 'spondyl/o' mean?

Vertebra Signup and view all the answers

What does 'vertebr/o' denote?

Vertebra Signup and view all the answers

The suffix '-blast' refers to what?

Embryonic or immature cell Signup and view all the answers

What does '-clast' mean?

To break Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-listhesis' refer to?

Slipping Signup and view all the answers

What does '-malacia' indicate?

Softening Signup and view all the answers

What condition does 'osteomalacia' describe?

Vitamin D deficiency leading to decalcification of bones Signup and view all the answers

What does '-physis' mean?

To grow Signup and view all the answers

What does '-porosis' signify?

Pore or passage Signup and view all the answers

Define 'osteoporosis'.

Loss of bony tissue with decreased mass of bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of '-tome'?

Instrument to cut Signup and view all the answers

What is an 'osteotome'?

A surgical chisel designed to cut bone Signup and view all the answers

What does 'acetabul/o' refer to?

Acetabulum (hip socket) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'calcane/o' denote?

Calcaneus (heel) Signup and view all the answers

Define 'carp/o'.

Carpals (wrist bones) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'clavicul/o' refer to?

Clavicle (collar bone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cost/o' signify?

Ribs Signup and view all the answers

What does 'crani/o' denote?

Cranium (skull) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'femor/o' mean?

Femur (thigh bone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'fibul/o' refer to?

Fibula Signup and view all the answers

Define 'humer/o'.

Humerus (upper arm bone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ili/o' denote?

Ilium Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ischi/o' refer to?

Ischium (posterior part of pelvic bone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'malleol/o' signify?

Malleolus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mandibul/o' mean?

Mandible (lower jawbone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'maxill/o' denote?

Maxilla (upper jawbone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'metacarp/o' refer to?

Metacarpals (hand bones) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'metatars/o' signify?

Metatarsals (foot bones) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'olecran/o' mean?

Olecranon (elbow) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'patell/o' refer to?

Patella (kneecap) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pelv/i' mean?

Pelvis (hipbone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'perone/o' denote?

Fibula Signup and view all the answers

What does 'phalang/o' mean?

Phalanges (finger and/or toe bones) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pub/o' refer to?

Pubis (anterior part of the pelvic bone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'radi/o' mean?

Radius (forearm bone - thumb side) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'scapul/o' signify?

Scapula (shoulder blade) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'stern/o' refer to?

Sternum (breastbone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tars/o' mean?

Tarsals (bones of the hindfoot) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tibi/o' signify?

Tibia (shin bone) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'uln/o' refer to?

Ulna (forearm bone - little finger side) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'kyphosis' describe?

Hump on the back Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lordosis' refer to?

Exaggerated anterior curvature of the lumbar spine Signup and view all the answers

What is 'spondylolisthesis'?

Forward slipping of a vertebra over a lower one Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

calc/o, calci/o: Refers to calcium, an essential mineral in bone structure.
kyph/o: Indicates a humpback or hunchback condition due to posterior curvature in the thoracic region.
lamin/o: Pertains to the lamina, a part of the vertebral arch that provides structure.
lord/o: Refers to the curve or swayback condition characterized by anterior curvature in the lumbar region.
lumb/o: Relates to the loins or lower back area of the body.
myel/o: Denotes bone marrow, the tissue responsible for blood cell production.
orth/o: Means straight, often used in reference to posture or alignment.
oste/o: Signifies bone; a fundamental component of the skeletal system.
scoli/o: Describes a crooked or bent condition, often referring to lateral curvature of the spine.
spondyl/o and vertebr/o: Both terms refer to vertebrae, the individual bones that make up the spine.

Suffixes Relevant to Bone Conditions

-blast: Refers to an embryonic or immature cell, significant in bone formation.
-clast: Indicates the action to break, often used in the context of bone resorption.
-listhesis: Relates to slipping, particularly concerning vertebral displacement.
-malacia: Means softening, often seen in diseases that weaken bone structure.
-physis: Refers to growth, as seen in terms like epiphysis, the end part of a long bone.
-porosis: Indicates the presence of pores or passages, commonly associated with bone density issues.

Bone Conditions

osteomalacia: A condition caused by vitamin D deficiency leading to softening and decalcification of bones; known as rickets in children.
osteoporosis: A condition characterized by a loss of bony tissue, resulting in decreased bone mass and increased fracture risk.

Instruments and Body Structures

-tome: An instrument designed for cutting, especially used in surgical procedures.
osteotome: A specialized surgical chisel used to cut through bone.
acetabul/o: Refers to the acetabulum, the socket of the hip joint.
calcane/o: Indicates calcaneus, or heel bone.
carp/o: Refers to carpals, which are the wrist bones.
clavicul/o: Pertains to the clavicle, or collarbone.
cost/o: Relates to the ribs, includes true, false, and floating ribs.
crani/o: Refers to the cranium, the skull’s protective bony structure.
femor/o: Indicates the femur, or thigh bone, the longest bone in the body.
fibul/o: Signifies the fibula, the smaller bone in the lower leg.
humer/o: Pertains to the humerus, the bone of the upper arm.
ili/o: Refers to the ilium, the upper part of the pelvic bone.
ischi/o: Indicates the ischium, the posterior portion of the pelvic bone.
malleol/o: Pertains to the malleolus, the bony prominence on each side of the ankle.
mandibul/o: Refers to the mandible, or lower jawbone.
maxill/o: Indicates the maxilla, or upper jawbone.
metacarp/o: Refers to the metacarpals, the bones of the hand.
metatars/o: Pertains to metatarsals, the bones of the foot.
olecran/o: Indicates the olecranon, the bony prominence of the elbow.
patell/o: Refers to the patella, or kneecap.
pelv/i: Indicates the pelvis, the basin-shaped structure that supports the spine and organs.
perone/o: Refers to the fibula.
phalang/o: Pertains to the phalanges, the bones of fingers and toes.
pub/o: Indicates the pubis, the anterior segment of the pelvic bone.
radi/o: Refers to the radius, the bone on the thumb side of the forearm.
scapul/o: Indicates the scapula, or shoulder blade.
stern/o: Refers to the sternum, or breastbone.
tars/o: Pertains to tarsals, the bones of the hindfoot.
tibi/o: Indicates the tibia, or shinbone, the larger bone of the lower leg.
uln/o: Refers to the ulna, the forearm bone on the little finger side.

Spinal Conditions

kyphosis: A condition characterized by a humpback appearance due to excessive curvature of the thoracic spine.
lordosis: An exaggerated anterior curvature of the lumbar spine.
spondylolisthesis: Describes the forward slipping of a vertebra over another.

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Description

Explore the essential word parts related to bones in Chapter 15 of Medical Terminology. This quiz features key terms and definitions that are vital for understanding skeletal structure and terminology. Test your knowledge and enhance your grasp of this crucial aspect of medical language.