Medical Terminology Chapter 12

Questions and Answers

What is the medical term for skin?

erythr/o

dermat/o (correct)

hidro/o

cutane/o (correct)

What is the medical term for rash?

rhytid/o

urtic/o (correct)

dermat/o

melan/o

What does 'erythr/o' refer to?

red

What is the medical term for sweat?

hidr/o Signup and view all the answers

What does 'rhytid/o' refer to?

wrinkle Signup and view all the answers

What does 'melan/o' stand for?

black, dark Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lip/o' mean?

fat, lipid Signup and view all the answers

What does 'kerat/o' refer to?

horny, hard Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for lice?

pedicul/o Signup and view all the answers

What does 'xer/o' refer to?

dry Signup and view all the answers

What does 'myc/o' refer to?

fungus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hirsut/o' mean?

hairy, rough Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for nail?

onych/o Signup and view all the answers

What does 'seb/o' mean?

sebum Signup and view all the answers

What condition is defined as an acute, rapidly spreading bacterial infection within the connective tissues?

cellulitis Signup and view all the answers

What are atypical moles that can develop into skin cancer known as?

dysplastic nevi Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues?

hematoma Signup and view all the answers

What does 'diaphoresis' refer to?

profuse sweating Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cicatrix' refer to?

a normal scar resulting from the healing of a wound Signup and view all the answers

What is a large blister that is usually more than 0.5 cm in diameter called?

bulla Signup and view all the answers

What does 'debridement' mean?

removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for a second-degree burn?

second-degree Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for small, hard skin lesions caused by the human papillomavirus commonly known as warts?

verrucae Signup and view all the answers

What is the fibrous protein found in hair, nails, and skin called?

keratin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'unguis' refer to?

fingernail or toenail Signup and view all the answers

What are the glands that secrete sebum called?

sebaceous glands Signup and view all the answers

What are milk-producing sebaceous glands known as?

mammary glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the layer of tissue below the epidermis called?

dermis Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition commonly known as ingrown toenail?

onychocryptosis Signup and view all the answers

What condition characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture is highly contagious and commonly occurs in children?

impetigo Signup and view all the answers

What is described as a torn or jagged wound or accidental cut wound?

laceration Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for skin lesions that appear to be sores that will not heal with a crusted, scaly look?

squamous cell Signup and view all the answers

What condition is caused by Group A strep, also known as flesh-eating bacteria?

necrotizing fasciitis Signup and view all the answers

What disease of the skin is characterized by itching and red papules covered with silvery scales?

psoriasis Signup and view all the answers

What is an inflammatory skin disease with possible blistering, cracking, oozing, or bleeding?

eczema Signup and view all the answers

What is a localized collection of pus called?

abscess Signup and view all the answers

What autoimmune disorder causes the skin to become hard and swollen due to thickening of connective tissues?

scleroderma Signup and view all the answers

What does BCC stand for in the context of skin conditions?

basal cell carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What does I&D stand for in medical procedures?

irrigation & debridement Signup and view all the answers

What does SLE stand for in relation to skin conditions?

systemic lupus erythematosus Signup and view all the answers

What does MM stand for?

malignant melanoma Signup and view all the answers

What does SCC refer to?

squamous cell carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What are small knot-like swellings of granulation tissue in the epidermis known as?

granuloma Signup and view all the answers

What is an infestation of lice called?

pediculosis Signup and view all the answers

What is any redness of the skin due to dilated capillaries referred to?

erythema Signup and view all the answers

What are flakes or dry patches made up of excess dead epidermal cells known as?

scales Signup and view all the answers

What is a cluster of connected boils called?

carbuncle Signup and view all the answers

What does purulent mean?

producing or containing pus Signup and view all the answers

What is a fungal infection of the nail called?

onychomycosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the tissue death followed by bacterial invasion and putrefaction known as?

gangrene Signup and view all the answers

What genetic deficiency results in the absence of pigment in the skin and hair?

albinism Signup and view all the answers

What are itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction commonly known as?

urticaria Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical removal of excess skin for the elimination of wrinkles called?

rhytid -ectomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a fungal infection of the nail?

onych/o myc -osis Signup and view all the answers

What is an inflammation of the hair follicles especially common on the limbs and in the beard of men?

follicul -itis Signup and view all the answers

What is commonly known as itching and associated with most forms of dermatitis?

prurit -us Signup and view all the answers

What is a group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened, and scaly skin called?

ichthy-osis Signup and view all the answers

What is a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin known as?

actinic keratosis Signup and view all the answers

What are small, benign, flesh-colored or light-brown polyps that hang from the body by fine stalks called?

skin tag Signup and view all the answers

What causes the raised areas of skin known as goosebumps?

arrector pili Signup and view all the answers

What is any skin growth known as?

keratosis Signup and view all the answers

What is also known as painful fat syndrome and affects mostly women?

lipedema Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for spider veins called?

sclerotherapy Signup and view all the answers

What is a genetic deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes called?

albinism Signup and view all the answers

What is a collection of clotted blood formed beneath the nail usually due to an injury called?

(subungual) hematoma Signup and view all the answers

What is an injury where superficial layers of skin are scraped off called?

abrasion Signup and view all the answers

What are very small, pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin sometimes a result of a high fever called?

petechiae Signup and view all the answers

What is a skin infection caused by an infestation of itch mites known as?

scabies Signup and view all the answers

What is a surgical technique to treat skin cancer where layers of cancerous tissue are removed and examined?

Mohs' Surgery Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids by removing excess fat, skin, and muscle known as?

blepharoplasty Signup and view all the answers

What is a closed pocket containing pus caused by a bacterial infection called?

abscess Signup and view all the answers

What is also known as night sweats?

sleep hyperhidrosis Signup and view all the answers

What is an acute infection of the fold of skin around a nail called?

paronychia Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a sebum plug is exposed to air and oxidizes?

blackhead Signup and view all the answers

What is a skin disorder characterized by flare-ups of red papules covered with silvery scales?

psoriasis Signup and view all the answers

What is a malformation of the nail known as?

koilonychia Signup and view all the answers

What is a small, dark, skin growth developed from melanocytes in the skin called?

nevus Signup and view all the answers

What is the abnormal softening of the nails called?

onychomalacia Signup and view all the answers

What is the abnormal condition resulting in diminished flow of perspiration called?

hypohidrosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the plastic surgery procedure to change the shape or size of the nose known as?

rhinoplasty Signup and view all the answers

What is a tumor arising from the nail bed called?

onychoma Signup and view all the answers

What does melanopathy refer to?

any disease marked by abnormal pigmentation of the skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical removal of fingernail or toenail called?

onychectomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the absence of fingernails or toenails known as?

anonychia Signup and view all the answers

What does dermapathy refer to?

any disease of the skin Signup and view all the answers

What is any disease caused by a fungus known as?

mycosis Signup and view all the answers

What is an excess of melanin present in an area of inflammation of the skin called?

melanodermatitis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Integumentary System Terminology

Cutane/o: Refers to skin.
Urtic/o: Represents rash.
Erythr/o: Indicates the color red.
Hidr/o: Relates to sweat.
Rhytid/o: Denotes wrinkles.
Melan/o: Signifies black or dark pigment.
Lip/o: Pertains to fat or lipids.
Kerat/o: Refers to horny or hard tissue.
Pedicul/o: Denotes lice.
Dermat/o: Another term for skin.
Xer/o: Represents dryness.
Myc/o: Relates to fungus.
Hirsut/o: Describes hairy or rough texture.
Onych/o: Pertains to nails.
Seb/o: Refers to sebum.

Skin Conditions and Treatments

Cellulitis: Acute bacterial infection in connective tissues.
Dysplastic nevi: Atypical moles that may lead to skin cancer.
Alopecia areata: Autoimmune disorder causing bald patches.
Hematoma: Swelling of clotted blood in tissues.
Diaphoresis: Excessive sweating.
Cicatrix: Normal scar from healed wounds.
Bulla: Large blister over 0.5 cm in diameter.
Debridement: Removal of debris from a wound.
Second-degree burn: Affects epidermis and dermis with blisters.
Verrucae: Warts caused by human papillomavirus.

Skin Structures and Their Functions

Keratin: Fibrous protein in hair, nails, and skin.
Sebaceous glands: Glands that secrete sebum.
Mammary glands: Specialized glands producing milk.
Dermis: Tissue layer beneath the epidermis.
Unguis: Refers to fingernails or toenails.

Common Skin Infections and Disorders

Impetigo: Contagious bacterial skin infection in children.
Laceration: Accidental torn or jagged wound.
Squamous cell carcinoma: Begins as lesions that may not heal easily.
Necrotizing fasciitis: Flesh-eating infection caused by Group A strep.
Psoriasis: Disease characterized by red, silvery-scaled patches.

Other Abnormal Skin Conditions

Eczema: Inflammatory condition causing blistering and oozing.
Abscess: Localized pus collection from infection.
Onychomycosis: Fungal nail infection.
Gangrene: Tissue death followed by bacterial invasion.
Albinism: Genetic pigment absence in skin and hair.

Surgical Procedures and Management

Mohs' Surgery: Layered removal of cancerous skin tissue.
Blepharoplasty: Surgical reduction of eyelids.
Sclerotherapy: Treatment for spider veins.
Rhytidectomy: Surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles.
Onychectomy: Removal of fingernails or toenails.

Additional Terms and Definitions

Prurit/us: Itching associated with dermatitis.
Ichthyosis: Hereditary condition leading to scaly skin.
Actinic keratosis: Precancerous growth on sun-damaged skin.
Skin tag: Benign polyps that may enlarge with age.
Scabies: Infection caused by itch mites.

Skin Growths and Changes

Comedo: Formed when sebum is exposed to air and oxidizes.
Keratosis: Overgrowth and thickening of skin.
Koilonychia: Malformation of the nail (spoon nail).
Nevus: Dark skin growth or mole.
Onychomalacia: Abnormal softening of nails.

Sundry Conditions and Symptoms

Hypohidrosis: Reduced perspiration flow.
Sleep hyperhidrosis: Also known as night sweats.
Petechiae: Tiny pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin.
Scales: Flakes of dry, dead skin.
Carbuncle: Cluster of connected boils.

Summary

The integumentary system encompasses skin, hair, nails, and associated glands.
Various prefixes and suffixes help denote specific conditions or structures related to this system.
Knowledge of terminology is crucial for understanding skin diseases, their treatments, and surgical options.

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Test your knowledge of medical terminology related to the integumentary system with these flashcards. This quiz covers key terms such as skin, rash, and other related vocabulary essential for understanding the health sciences.