Questions and Answers
What does 'auscultation' refer to?
What is percussion?
Tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of underlying structure
What is a pleural rub?
Scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other
What are rales (crackles)?
Signup and view all the answers
What are rhonchi?
Signup and view all the answers
What is sputum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is stridor?
Signup and view all the answers
What are wheezes?
Signup and view all the answers
What is croup?
Signup and view all the answers
What is diphtheria?
Signup and view all the answers
What is epistaxis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pertussis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is asthma?
Signup and view all the answers
What is bronchiectasis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is chronic bronchitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is cystic fibrosis (CF)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is atelectasis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is emphysema?
Signup and view all the answers
What is lung cancer?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pneumoconiosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pneumonia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a pulmonary abscess?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pulmonary edema?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pulmonary fibrosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is sarcoidosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is tuberculosis (TB)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is mesothelioma?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pleural effusion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pleurisy (pleuritis)?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pneumothorax?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Medical Terminology and Definitions
-
Auscultation: Technique for listening to internal body sounds, crucial in diagnosing respiratory conditions.
-
Percussion: Diagnostic method involving tapping on a surface to assess the density of underlying tissues or organs.
-
Pleural Rub: A scratchy sound detected when pleural surfaces rub together, often indicating pleural inflammation.
-
Rales (Crackles): Fine crackling noises heard during inhalation, typically associated with fluid accumulation in the alveoli.
-
Rhonchi: Loud rumbling sounds resulting from airway obstructions, commonly due to mucus accumulation in the bronchi.
-
Sputum: Mucous discharge expelled from the respiratory system, used to diagnose various conditions.
-
Stridor: High-pitched, strained sound during inhalation caused by blockage in the upper airway (pharynx or larynx).
-
Wheezes: Continuous high-pitched whistling noises during breathing, often indicative of airway obstruction.
Respiratory Conditions
-
Croup: Viral infection prevalent in children, leading to laryngeal obstruction, characterized by a barking cough and stridor.
-
Diphtheria: Acute infection of the throat caused by diphtheria bacteria, affecting upper respiratory pathways.
-
Epistaxis: Commonly known as a nosebleed, can occur due to various factors including trauma or dry air.
-
Pertussis: Also known as whooping cough, a contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract caused by Bordetella pertussis.
-
Asthma: Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by bronchial inflammation, obstruction, and increased mucus production.
-
Bronchiectasis: Permanent dilation of bronchial tubes due to underlying infections, leading to chronic respiratory issues.
Chronic Lung Conditions
-
Chronic Bronchitis: Long-term inflammation of the bronchi, a form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
-
Cystic Fibrosis (CF): Genetic disorder affecting exocrine glands, leading to thick mucus that obstructs airways and promotes lung infections.
-
Atelectasis: Refers to lung collapse or incomplete expansion of alveoli, impacts breathing efficiency.
-
Emphysema: Condition involving over-inflated alveolar sacs, destroying alveolar walls and reducing gas exchange capability.
-
Lung Cancer: Malignant growths sourced from lung tissue, significantly impacting respiratory function.
-
Pneumoconiosis: Lung disease caused by inhalation of dust or particulate matter, resulting in chronic inflammation and infection.
Infections and Inflammation
-
Pneumonia: Inflammation and infection of alveoli, leading to pus accumulation, significantly impairing respiratory function.
-
Pulmonary Abscess: Collection of pus in the lungs, usually due to bacterial infection.
-
Pulmonary Edema: Condition involving fluid accumulation in alveoli and bronchioles, impairing gas exchange.
-
Pulmonary Embolism (PE): Occurs when a clot or foreign material blocks lung vessels, potentially leading to serious complications.
-
Pulmonary Fibrosis: Scarring in lung tissue, hindering normal respiratory function.
-
Sarcoidosis: Chronic inflammatory disease marked by granulation tissue (granulomas) formation in the lungs and other organs.
-
Tuberculosis (TB): Infectious disease caused by the bacteria (bacilli) which leads to the formation of small lesions in the lungs.
Other Respiratory Issues
-
Mesothelioma: Rare malignant tumor in the pleura, often associated with asbestos exposure.
-
Pleural Effusion: Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, can compromise lung function.
-
Pleurisy (Pleuritis): Inflammation of the pleura, causing pain and difficulty in breathing.
-
Pneumothorax: Presence of air in the pleural space that can cause lung collapse and acute respiratory distress.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of medical terms in Chapter 12 with these flashcards. From auscultation to pleural rub, this quiz covers essential vocabulary for understanding body sounds. Perfect for students in medical studies or healthcare fields.