Medical Terminology Chapter 11 Quiz & Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does the root 'kerat/o' refer to?

eyelid

hard (correct)

eye, vision

hearing

What does 'blephar/o' mean?

eyelid

What does 'opt/o' refer to?

eye, vision

What does '-cusis' signify?

hearing Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of '-metry'?

measure Signup and view all the answers

What does 'myring/o' refer to?

eardrum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ophthalm/o' mean?

eye, vision Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'irid/o'?

iris of the eye Signup and view all the answers

What does 'presby/o' signify?

old age Signup and view all the answers

What does '-opia' indicate?

vision condition Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ot/o' refer to?

ear Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'tympan/o'?

eardrum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'scler/o' mean?

hard, white of the eye Signup and view all the answers

What does 'retin/o' signify?

retina Signup and view all the answers

What does 'trop/o' indicate?

turn Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sclera' refer to?

structure that maintains the shape of the eye and protects the delicate inner layers of tissue Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cochlea' mean?

snail-shaped structure of the ear Signup and view all the answers

What does 'optic disk' refer to?

blind spot Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tympanic membrane' mean?

lies between the outer ear and the middle ear Signup and view all the answers

What does 'oval window' indicate?

separates the middle ear from the inner ear Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'incus'?

auditory ossicle, anvil Signup and view all the answers

What does 'presbycusis' refer to?

common changes in the ears that occur with aging Signup and view all the answers

What is 'retinopexy' used for?

laser is used to repair a detached retina Signup and view all the answers

What does 'entropion' mean?

turning inward of the edge of the eyelid Signup and view all the answers

What does 'otitis media' refer to?

inflammation of the middle ear Signup and view all the answers

What is 'esotropia'?

cross-eyes Signup and view all the answers

What does 'diplopia' indicate?

double vision Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hyperopia' mean?

farsightedness Signup and view all the answers

What is 'myopia'?

nearsightedness Signup and view all the answers

What does 'exotropia' signify?

walleye Signup and view all the answers

What does 'diopter' refer to?

unit of measurement of a lens's refractive power Signup and view all the answers

What does 'otorrhagia' indicate?

bleeding from the ears Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'myringotomy'?

surgical incision of the eardrum to create an opening for the placement of ear tubes Signup and view all the answers

What does 'glaucoma' refer to?

visual field test to determine losses in peripheral vision used to diagnose Signup and view all the answers

What does 'uveitis' mean?

inflammation of the uvea, causing swelling and irritation Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cerumen' refer to?

earwax Signup and view all the answers

What do 'eustachian' tubes connect?

lead from the middle ear to the nasal cavity and the throat Signup and view all the answers

What does 'astigmatism' refer to?

condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of the uneven curvatures of the cornea Signup and view all the answers

What is 'labyrinthitis'?

inflammation of the labyrinth that can result in vertigo Signup and view all the answers

What does 'snellen' refer to?

chart used to measure visual acuity Signup and view all the answers

What does 'anisocoria' mean?

pupils are unequal in size Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mastoidectomy' refer to?

preparation for the placement of a cochlear implant Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hordeolum' refer to?

stye Signup and view all the answers

What does 'otomycosis' indicate?

swimmer's ear Signup and view all the answers

What does 'refraction' mean?

ability of the lens to bend light rays so they focus on the retina Signup and view all the answers

What does 'vertigo' refer to?

whirling, dizziness Signup and view all the answers

What does 'optometrist' mean?

specialist in measuring the accuracy of vision Signup and view all the answers

What does 'keratitis' indicate?

inflammation of the cornea that can be due to many causes including bacterial, viral, or fungal infections Signup and view all the answers

What does 'monochromatism' refer to?

color blindness Signup and view all the answers

What does 'emmetropia' mean?

normal relationship between refractive power of the eye and the shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina Signup and view all the answers

What does 'otopyorrhea' mean?

flow of pus from the ear Signup and view all the answers

What does 'xerophthalmia' refer to?

drying of the eye surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What does 'otoplasty' mean?

repair the injured pinna of the ear Signup and view all the answers

What does 'barotrauma' refer to?

pressure-related ear discomfort Signup and view all the answers

What does 'iridectomy' mean?

surgical procedure that removes a portion of the iris that can help in treating closed-angle glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hemianopia' refer to?

blindness in one-half of the visual field Signup and view all the answers

What is 'fluorescein staining' used for?

to make corneal abrasions appear bright green Signup and view all the answers

What does 'periorbital edema' mean?

swelling of the tissues around the eyes Signup and view all the answers

What does 'nyctalopia' refer to?

night blindness Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tinnitus' mean?

ringing in the ears Signup and view all the answers

What does 'chalazion' refer to?

obstruction of a sebaceous gland, normally on the upper eyelid Signup and view all the answers

What does 'papilledema' indicate?

swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye through the optic disk Signup and view all the answers

What does 'photopsia' mean?

flashes of light (what appears to be) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ametropia' refer to?

describes any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina Signup and view all the answers

What does 'canthus' mean?

angle where the upper and lower eyelids meet Signup and view all the answers

What does 'impacted cerumen' signify?

accumulation of earwax that forms a solid mass by adhering to the walls of the external auditory canal Signup and view all the answers

What does 'iridalgia' refer to?

pain felt in the iris Signup and view all the answers

What does 'blepharitis' mean?

inflammation of the eyelid Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lacrimitis' indicate?

inflammation of the lacrimal duct Signup and view all the answers

What is 'blepharopathy'?

any disease of the eyelid Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ophthalmology' refer to?

medical specialty concerned with the eye, its diseases, and refractive errors Signup and view all the answers

What does 'blepharedema' mean?

swelling of the eyelid Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lacrimotomy' indicate?

surgical incision into the lacrimal duct Signup and view all the answers

What does 'labyrinthotomy' refer to?

surgical incision into the labyrinth of the inner ear Signup and view all the answers

What does 'iridopathy' mean?

disease of the iris Signup and view all the answers

What does 'retinectomy' refer to?

surgical removal of the retina Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Eye and Ear Anatomy Terms

kerat/o: Refers to hardness, often used in the context of the cornea.
blephar/o: Denotes the eyelid, crucial for protecting the eye.
opt/o: Pertains to the eye and vision; central to the study of optics.
myring/o / tympan/o: Relates to the eardrum, which vibrates in response to sound waves.
ot/o: Refers to the ear, integral to hearing and balance.

-opia: Indicates various vision conditions, highlighting the nature of visual impairment.
myopia: Known as nearsightedness; a condition where close objects are seen clearly, but distant ones are blurry.
hyperopia: Refers to farsightedness; far objects are seen clearly, but close ones are blurry.
astigmatism: A refractive error caused by uneven cornea curvatures, impairing focus.
presbyopia: Age-related condition affecting the ability to see close objects clearly.

otitis media: Inflammation of the middle ear, commonly seen in children and can cause ear infections.
labyrinthitis: Inflammation of the inner ear labyrinth, resulting in dizziness and vertigo.
tinnitus: A perception of noise, often described as ringing in the ears, indicating potential hearing loss or damage.

Surgical Procedures

myringotomy: Surgical incision of the eardrum, typically to relieve pressure or drain fluid.
retinopexy: Laser procedure to repair a detached retina, crucial for preserving vision.
mastoidectomy: Surgical removal of mastoid air cells, often related to chronic ear infections.
iridectomy: Surgery performed to treat closed-angle glaucoma by removing a portion of the iris.

Important Structures

sclera: The rigid outer layer of the eye, providing shape and protection to internal structures.
retina: Contains light-sensitive cells crucial for vision; located at the back of the eye.
cochlea: A spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear responsible for hearing.
optic disk: Also known as the blind spot, where the optic nerve enters the eye, devoid of photoreceptors.

Other Medical Terms

presbycusis: Age-related hearing loss affecting high-frequency sounds, a common condition in older adults.
xerophthalmia: Dryness of the eye surfaces, potentially leading to discomfort and vision problems.
lacrimitis: Inflammation of the lacrimal duct, can affect tear production and drainage.
periorbital edema: Swelling around the eyes, often linked to various health issues, including allergies.

Sinus and Vision Testing

Snellen chart: Tool used to measure visual acuity, essential in eye examinations.
diopter: Unit used to express the refractive power of lenses; helpful in prescription glasses.

Conditions Affecting Eye Health

glaucoma: Progressive optic nerve damage often assessed through visual field tests to identify peripheral vision loss.
hordeolum: Commonly known as a stye, is an infection of the eyelid glands.
emmetropia: Normal eye condition where light focuses correctly on the retina, ensuring clear vision.

Miscellaneous Terms

cerumen: A natural earwax, serving to protect and lubricate the ear canal.
blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelids, which can cause redness and irritation.
aphakia: Absence of the lens of the eye, often due to surgery, leading to significant vision changes.

These concise notes encapsulate essential terms and conditions related to eye and ear health that are important for understanding anatomy, pathophysiology, and clinical procedures.

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Test your knowledge on medical terminology related to Chapter 11 with these flashcards. Each card features a key term alongside its definition, focusing on root words connected to vision and hearing. Perfect for students in health sciences or anyone studying anatomy and physiology.

Medical Terminology Chapter 11 Flashcards