Medical Terminology Chapter 11 Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

• Peritoneum: Serous membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity; covers most of the organs.

• Albumin/o: Refers to albumin, a type of protein.

• Albuminoid: Substance resembling albumin.

• Azot/o: Pertains to nitrogenous compounds.

• Azotemia: Presence of nitrogenous compounds in the blood.

• Nitrogenous products: Toxic substances, such as urea; if they accumulate, they can lead to death.

• Bacteri/o: Refers to bacteria (singular: bacterium).

• Bacteriuria: Presence of bacteria in urine.

• Cyst/o: Relates to the bladder.

• Cystoscope: Instrument designed to examine the bladder.

• Vesic/o: Also refers to the bladder.

• Vesicocele (Cystocele): Condition where the bladder herniates into the vaginal wall, causing incomplete bladder emptying.

• Glomerul/o: Pertains to the glomerulus, a filter in the kidney.

• Glomerulopathy: Disease affecting the glomerulus.

• Kal/i: Denotes potassium, an essential electrolyte.

• Hypokalemia: Abnormally low potassium levels in the blood, often caused by excessive urination.

• Keton/o: Refers to ketone bodies, which include acids and acetones.

• Ketonuria: Presence of ketone bodies in urine, commonly seen in diabetes, starvation, or dieting.

• Lith/o: Pertains to stones or calculi; lithotripsy is the process of crushing stones.

• Lithotripsy: Common method of stone removal; often extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is utilized.

• Meat/o: Refers to an opening, specifically the meatus.

• Meatotomy: Surgical incision of the urinary meatus to relieve urethra stenosis.

• Nephr/o: Relates to the kidney.

• Ren/o: Another term for kidney.

• Nephropexy: Surgical fixation of a kidney.

• Renal: Pertaining to kidneys.

• Noct/o: Relates to night.

• Nocturia: Excessive urination during night, associated with various conditions like prostate disease or diabetes.

• Olig/o: Indicates scanty or decreased production; oliguria refers to low urine output, often due to imbalances or obstruction.

• Py/o: Refers to pus; pyorrhea indicates the flow of pus.

• Pyel/o: Pertains to the renal pelvis; pyeloplasty involves surgical repair of the renal pelvis.

• Ur/o: Refers to urine or urinary tract; urolith is a stone within the urinary tract.

• Uretero: Relates to the ureter; ureterectasis is the dilation of the ureter.

• Urethro: Refers to the urethra; urethrostenosis indicates narrowing of the urethra.

• -genesis: Denotes the formation or production of something; lithogenesis refers to stone formation.

• -iasis: Indicates an abnormal condition caused by something specified; lithiasis refers to the condition of having stones.

• -uria: Refers to urine; polyuria indicates excessive urine output, typically over 2.5 L per day.

• Dia: Means through or across; dialysis is a procedure that separates waste from blood when kidneys fail.

• Retro-: Means backward or behind; retroperitoneal pertains to areas behind the peritoneum.

• Hematuria: Condition of blood in urine revealed through urinalysis.

• Proteinuria: Indicates the presence of protein in urine.

• Hypertension: High blood pressure, characterized by elevated levels that can lead to severe health issues.

Test your knowledge of medical terminology with these flashcards from Chapter 11. Each card presents a key term along with its definition, helping you understand important concepts in the medical field. Perfect for students in health sciences or anyone looking to refresh their medical vocabulary.