Medical Terminology Ch 1-2 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is cholecystenterostomy?

Surgical removal of the gallbladder
Inflammation of the gallbladder
Surgical formation of a passage between the gallbladder and the small intestine (correct)
Formation of gallstones

What does arthrosteitis refer to?

Inflammation of the osseous structure of a joint

What does periosteoma refer to?

Abnormal growth surrounding a bone

What does encephalic pertain to?

The brain or its cavity Signup and view all the answers

What does the initial prefix of asynergy indicate?

Lack of coordination Signup and view all the answers

What does acanthocytosis indicate?

Acanthocytes in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is a heterotoxin?

Toxin introduced from outside the patient's body Signup and view all the answers

Where does the prefix of parenteral indicate a medication route is located?

Other than the alimentary canal Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form of heteroprosopus indicate?

Having two faces Signup and view all the answers

What does hemianalgesia refer to?

Analgesia on one side of the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct term for 'instrument for estimating the size of calculi.'?

Lithometer (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does megalocystis mean?

Permanent abnormal enlargement of the urinary bladder Signup and view all the answers

What does MEGA(L)- mean in acromegaly?

Abnormally large Signup and view all the answers

What does the first combining base of pseudoanemia indicate?

Pallor of mucous membranes and skin without other signs of true anemia Signup and view all the answers

What does neurosclerosis refer to?

Hardening of nerves Signup and view all the answers

What is the membrane around the heart called?

Pericardium Signup and view all the answers

What does macrostomia refer to?

Excessively large mouth Signup and view all the answers

What does analgesia refer to?

A state without pain Signup and view all the answers

What does osteosclerosis refer to?

Abnormal increase in thickening and density of bone Signup and view all the answers

What does biotoxin mean?

Poison produced by and derived from a living organism Signup and view all the answers

What does colonalgia refer to?

Pain in the colon Signup and view all the answers

What is cytotoxin?

An antibody or toxin that attacks the cells of particular organs Signup and view all the answers

What does toxicology refer to?

Division of medical and biological science concerned with toxic substances Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form of lithiasis mean?

Stone Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct term for 'pertaining to the heart.'?

Cardiac Signup and view all the answers

What does an analgesic do?

Relieve pain Signup and view all the answers

What does erythroleukemia involve?

Leukemia characterized by abnormal, immature red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is microcephalia?

Abnormal smallness of the head Signup and view all the answers

What does sarcocele refer to?

Fleshy tumor (of the testicle) Signup and view all the answers

What is a leukocyte?

White blood cell Signup and view all the answers

What does lipocele refer to?

A hernia that contains fat or fatty tissue Signup and view all the answers

What does mesocardia indicate?

Placement of the heart that is in the mid-line of the thorax Signup and view all the answers

What is a cytometer?

Instrument for counting and measuring cells Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix of exotoxin indicate about movement?

Movement outside (from) Signup and view all the answers

What does stenocephaly refer to?

Unusual narrowness of the head Signup and view all the answers

What is exencephalia?

Congenital anomaly: brain outside the skull Signup and view all the answers

What does coloenteritis refer to?

Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the small and large intestines Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the combining form(s) in allostery?

ALL-, different or divergent Signup and view all the answers

When does pain occur with nyctalgia?

At night Signup and view all the answers

What does ostempyesis refer to?

Purulent inflammation within a bone Signup and view all the answers

What does endangiitis indicate?

Inflammation of the endothelium of a blood vessel Signup and view all the answers

What is the epigastrium?

The superior central portion of the abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What does macrocardius refer to?

Individual with a congenitally abnormally large heart Signup and view all the answers

What does colicystitis refer to?

Inflammation of the bladder from E.coli Signup and view all the answers

What does stenostomia refer to?

Narrowing of the mouth Signup and view all the answers

What does osteologist refer to?

Specialist in the study of bones Signup and view all the answers

What does periarteritis refer to?

Inflammation of the outer coat of an artery Signup and view all the answers

What does nephralgia refer to?

Pain in the kidney area Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Medical Terminology Overview

Cholecystenterostomy: Surgical creation of a connection between the gallbladder and small intestine.
Arthrosteitis: Inflammation involving the bone structure of a joint.
Periosteoma: Abnormal growth occurring around a bone.
Encephalic: Relates to the brain or its cavity.

Prefixes and Terms

Asynergy (Asynergia): Indicates a lack of coordination in bodily functions.
Acanthocytosis: Presence of acanthocytes (abnormal red blood cells) in the bloodstream.
Heterotoxin: A toxin sourced externally to the patient’s body.
Parenteral: Refers to medication routes outside of the alimentary canal.
Heteroprosopus: Describes a fetal deformity characterized by having two faces.

Pain and Anatomy

Hemianalgesia: Loss of pain sensation on one side of the body.
Lithometer: Instrument designed for measuring the size of calculi (stones).
Megalocystis: Abnormally enlarged urinary bladder that remains permanent.
MEGA(L): Prefix meaning "abnormally large," crucial in terms like acromegaly.

Blood and Cells

Neurosclerosis: Condition involving hardening of nervous tissue.
Pericardium: Membrane encasing the heart.
Macrostomia: Excessively large oral cavity or mouth.
Analgia: Condition of being without pain.
Osteosclerosis: The thickening and increased density of bone structure.

Toxicology and Inflammation

Biotoxin: A poison produced by living organisms.
Colonalgia: Pain localized in the colon.
Cytotoxin: A toxin that specifically targets the cells of certain organs.
Toxicology: Science focused on the study of toxic substances and their effects.

Measurements and Conditions

Lithiasis: Refers to the presence of stones within the body.
Cardiac: Pertaining to the heart.
Analgesic: A type of medication that relieves pain.
Erythroleukemia: A form of leukemia characterized by the presence of immature red blood cells.

Abnormalities and Tumors

Microcephalia: Condition of having an abnormally small head.
Sarcocele: Fleshy tumor located in the testicle.
Leukocyte: Common name for white blood cells.
Lipocele: A type of hernia containing fatty tissue.

Cardiac and Abdominal Conditions

Mesocardia: Heart positioned in the midline of the thoracic cavity.
Cytometer: Device for counting and measuring cells.
Exotoxin: A toxin that moves from outside the organism.
Stenocephaly: Condition characterized by an unusually narrow head.
Exencephalia: Congenital condition where the brain is located outside the skull.

Gastrointestinal Issues

Coloenteritis: Inflammation affecting the mucous membranes of both the small and large intestines.
Allostery: The concept of difference; based on the combining form ALL-.
Nyctalgia: A condition where pain occurs specifically at night.
Ostempyesis: Purulent (pus-filled) inflammation occurring within a bone.

Blood Vessels and Abdomen

Endangiitis: Inflammation of the inner lining of a blood vessel.
Epigastrium: The area located in the superior central part of the abdomen.
Macrocardius: Individual with a congenital condition of having an abnormally large heart.
Colicystitis: Inflammation of the bladder, often associated with E. coli infection.
Stenostomia: Narrowing of the mouth.

Study of Bones

Osteologist: Specialist dedicated to the study of bones.
Periarteritis: Inflammation occurring in the outer layer of an artery.
Nephralgia: Pain specifically in the kidney region.

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